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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 83-91.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020387

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

瑞香狼毒根提取物对3种作物种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用

高玉莲1(), 常静1, 王贻卉1, 李锋1, 李海平1(), 马崇勇2   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019
    2.内蒙古自治区草原工作站,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-11 修回日期:2020-09-27 出版日期:2021-09-16 发布日期:2021-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 李海平
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: lihaiping5820@hotmail.com
    高玉莲(1995-),女,山西平遥人,在读硕士。 E-mail: 287391458@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    草原生态保护修复治理—毒害草监测与防控项目资助

Allelopathic effects of Stellera chamaejasme on seed germination and growth of three crops

Yu-lian GAO1(), Jing CHANG1, Yi-hui WANG1, Feng LI1, Hai-ping LI1(), Chong-yong MA2   

  1. 1.College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China
    2.Inner Mongolia Grassland Station,Hohhot 010020,China
  • Received:2020-08-11 Revised:2020-09-27 Online:2021-09-16 Published:2021-09-16
  • Contact: Hai-ping LI

摘要:

瑞香狼毒是我国北方草原的主要毒杂草之一,对草原生态影响很大。研究了瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物对3种禾本科作物种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理生化的影响,为未来合理利用瑞香狼毒资源、开发植物源除草剂提供科学依据。结果表明:瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物对3种作物种子萌发及生长均有影响。高粱种子萌发不受提取物浓度的影响,发芽率与对照无显著差异;瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物对小麦、燕麦种子发芽率的影响为“低促高抑”。瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物对高粱、燕麦幼苗根、茎长度均存在“低促高抑”的浓度效应,而对小麦幼苗的根和茎长呈现抑制作用,提取液浓度升高抑制作用加强。使用瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取液处理后,燕麦、高粱丙二醛含量增加,小麦丙二醛含量变化不明显,在5 mg·mL-1时显著高于对照。3种作物幼苗中POD活性在不同浓度下均高于对照。瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取液对高粱幼苗SOD活性影响无显著差异,小麦幼苗SOD活性在高浓度下显著高于对照,燕麦幼苗体内SOD活性在0.01 mg·mL-1处理与对照有显著差异。3种作物幼苗中CAT活性在不同浓度下均低于对照。经综合分析,瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物对小麦的化感抑制作用最强,其次为燕麦、高粱。

关键词: 瑞香狼毒, 化感作用, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长, 作物

Abstract:

Stellera chamaejasme is one of the main poisonous weeds in the grassland of Northern China, and has a great impact on grassland ecology. The effects of a range of concentrations of ethanol extract from S. chamaejasme root (SCR) on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and oats (Avena sativa) were studied, in order to provide scientific data to aid in the future development and utilizationof botanical herbicides.SCR did not affect the germination rate of sorghum seed, compared to controls, at any of the concentrations tested. However, in wheat and oats SCR application at different rates induced a “low promotion and high inhibition” germination rate response. SCR also induced a “low promotion and high inhibition” response in root and stem lengths of sorghum and oat seedlings, but it had inhibitory effect root and stem length of wheat seedlings which was stronger at higher concentration of the extract. SCR increased the MDA content of oat and sorghum seedlings, the MDA content of wheat was significantly higher than that of control at 5 mg·mL-1. The peroxidase activity in seedlings of all three tested crops was higher than that of the controls at some tested concentrations. There was no significant difference in SOD activity of sorghum seedlings treated with SCR, but SOD activity of wheat seedlings was significantly higher than that of controls at high SCR concentration, and SOD activity of oat seedlings with 0.01 mg·mL-1 SCR treatment was significantly higher from that of controls. The activity of catalase in the seedlings of all three crops was lower than that of the controls at some SCR concentrations. Overall, the inhibition of S. chamaejasme root ethanol extract on wheat was the strongest, followed by oats and sorghum.

Key words: Stellera chamaejasme, allelopathy, seed germination, seedling growth, crops