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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 1-12.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021502

• 研究论文 •    

青海省国家重点保护野生植物名录——基于国家重点保护野生植物名录（2021版）

陈金元1,2(), 杜维波3, 苏旭1,4()   

  1. 1.青海师范大学生命科学学院，青海 西宁 810008
    2.青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室，青海 西宁 810008
    3.兰州大学生命科学学院，甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.青海师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院，青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-28 修回日期:2022-02-28 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 苏旭
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail： xusu8527972@126.com
    陈金元（1990-），男，甘肃永登人，讲师，博士。E-mail： 20211027@qhnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(2019QZKK0502)

A taxonomic inventory of national key protected wild plants in Qinghai Province， based on the national checklist of key protected wild plants （2021）

Jin-yuan CHEN1,2(), Wei-bo DU3, Xu SU1,4()   

  1. 1.School of Life Sciences，Qinghai Normal University，Xining 810008，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province，Xining 810008，China
    3.School of Life Sciences，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，China
    4.Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability，Qinghai Normal University，Xining 810016，China
  • Received:2021-12-28 Revised:2022-02-28 Online:2022-09-20 Published:2022-08-12
  • Contact: Xu SU

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摘要：

为了更好地了解青海省国家重点保护野生植物种类、科属组成、特有性、濒危状况及地理分布等特征，依据2021年9月发布的新版《国家重点保护野生植物名录》，通过查阅对比文献和馆藏标本，梳理总结了青海省国家重点保护野生植物的多样性。结果表明：1）相比1999年发布的《国家重点保护野生植物名录》，青海省新增44种国家重点保护野生植物。2）青海省国家重点保护野生植物有3大类22科30属53种1变种，其中一级保护植物1种（发菜），二级保护植物52种1变种。3）物种数量最多的科、属分别为兰科（10种）、杓兰属（8种）。4）中国特有属1个，中国特有属+青藏高原特有属3个，中国特有物种9种，青藏高原特有物种9种，中国特有+青藏高原特有物种13种，另有青海省特有种1种（久治绿绒蒿）。5）青海省54种（含变种）国家重点保护野生植物中有18种处于易危（VU）等级，12种处于濒危（EN）等级，总计受威胁等级物种数30种，占所有物种的55.55%。6）青海省国家重点保护野生植物绝大多数分布在青海东南部，主要在玉树州、果洛州和海东市草原及森林生境中，与青海省植物多样性的分布规律基本一致。青海省国家重点保护野生植物有54种（含变种），绝大多数为二级保护植物；特有种类有32个，占所有物种的59.25%；受威胁物种30种；重点保护野生植物大多数分布于青海省东南部地区。

关键词: 青海省, 国家重点保护野生植物, 多样性

Abstract:

Following the new national checklist of key protected wild plants， we made a taxonomic inventory of key nationally protected wild plants in the Qinghai Province. Data was drawn from consulting relevant literature and inspection of herbarium specimens. Our aim was to better understand their plant types， family and genus distribution， endemism， conservation status， and geographical distribution. It was found that： 1） Compared with species checklists in 1999， 44 key nationally protected wild species are newly added into the species list for Qinghai Province. 2） In Qinghai Province there are 53 species and one variety， 30 genera， 22 families and three categories of key nationally protected wild plants listed. Among them， Nostoc flagelliforme is a level-one key protected wild plant， and 52 species and one variety are level-two key protected wild plants. 3） The family with the largest number of plants listed is the Orchidaceae with 10 species， and the most commonly listed genus is Cypripedium containing eight species. 4） There is one genus endemic to China， there are three genera endemic to China and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP）， nine species endemic to China， nine species endemic to the QTP， 13 species endemic to China and the QTP and one species， Meconopsis barbiseta， endemic to Qinghai Province. 5） With respect to conservation status， there are 18 species listed as vulnerable （VU） level， and 12 species listed as endangered （EN） among the 54 key nationally protected wild species from Qinghai Province， which accounted for 55.55% of the total species. 6） Most of the key nationally protected wild species are distributed mainly in the alpine grassland and forest vegetation of Yushu and Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Haidong city， which is consistent with the plant diversity distribution pattern in Qinghai Province. There are 53 species and one variety of key nationally protected wild plants in Qinghai Province， most of which are level-two key protected wild plants. Among these， 32 species are endemic species， accounting for 59.25% of the total， and 30 species are among the threatened species. Most of the key nationally protected wild plants are distributed in the southeast of Qinghai Province.

Key words: Qinghai Province, national key protected wild plant, diversity

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