草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 186-202.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022303
收稿日期:
2022-07-26
修回日期:
2022-09-01
出版日期:
2023-06-20
发布日期:
2023-04-21
通讯作者:
师尚礼
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: shishl@gsau.edu.cn基金资助:
Wen-juan WANG(), Shang-li SHI(), Long HE, Bei WU, Chan-chan LIU
Received:
2022-07-26
Revised:
2022-09-01
Online:
2023-06-20
Published:
2023-04-21
Contact:
Shang-li SHI
摘要:
干旱胁迫是造成作物减产的主要非生物胁迫之一。多胺是存在于植物体内的一类具有强烈生物活性的低分子量脂肪族含氮碱,参与植物器官发生、胚胎发生、花芽分化、叶片衰老、花粉管生长、果实发育和成熟等生理过程,且在植物遭受干旱胁迫时发挥着重要作用。本研究对多胺的合成和分解代谢、多胺在非生物胁迫下的功能、干旱胁迫下多胺积累的物种差异和品种差异、利用外源添加和转基因方法阐明多胺在生理水平上通过提高植物生长发育、光合能力、渗透调节物质积累和抗氧化能力增强植物抗旱性,以及多胺在分子水平上参与植物干旱胁迫期间信号转导进行了综述。
王文娟, 师尚礼, 何龙, 武蓓, 刘旵旵. 干旱胁迫下多胺在植物体内的积累及其作用[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(6): 186-202.
Wen-juan WANG, Shang-li SHI, Long HE, Bei WU, Chan-chan LIU. Accumulation and functions of polyamines in plants under drought stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(6): 186-202.
物种 Species | 干旱条件 Drought conditions | 胁迫时间 Stress times | 3种多胺含量的变化 Changes in the content of the three polyamines | 参考文献 References |
---|---|---|---|---|
小麦 T. aestivum | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 12,24,36,48 h | Put、Spd和Spm含量先迅速升高而后下降,较高的Spd和Spm含量有利于增强小麦幼苗的抗旱性。 Put, Spd and Spm contents increased rapidly and then decreased, and higher Spd and Spm contents were beneficial to enhance the drought resistance of wheat seedlings. | [ |
小麦 T. aestivum | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 11 d | Put和Spm含量升高,Spd含量下降,其中Put的增加可能有利于Spm的进一步积累,从而抵抗干旱胁迫。 Put and Spm contents increased and Spd content decreased, in which the increase of Put might be beneficial to the further accumulation of Spm, thus resisting drought stress. | [ |
黑麦草 | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 20 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量上升,其中Spd和Spm上升幅度更大,与抗旱性关系密切。Put, Spd and Spm contents increased, among which Spd and Spm increased more and were closely related to drought resistance. | [ |
车前草 C. plantagineum | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 1,2,4,8,24,72,96 h | 在干旱处理的前24 h内,Spd和Spm含量增加,Put含量逐渐降低。Spd and Spm content increased and Put content gradually decreased during the first 24 h of drought treatment. | [ |
水稻 O. sativa | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%。Soil water content is 50% of field water holding capacity. | 18 d | Put 和Spd含量下降,Spm含量显著增加,Spm有利于增强植株抗旱性。Put and Spd content decreased and Spm content increased significantly, and Spm was beneficial to enhance the drought resistance of plants. | [ |
紫花苜蓿 | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的(55±5)%和(35±5)%。Soil water content is (55±5)% and (35±5)% of field water holding capacity. | 1,3,5,7 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量先上升后下降。 Put, Spd and Spm content increased and then decreased. | [ |
油菜 | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%、30%和10%。Soil water content is 50%, 30% and 10% of field water holding capacity. | 7 d | Put和Spm含量增加。Put and Spm content increased. | [ |
大马士革玫瑰 R. damascena | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%和25%。Soil water content is 50% and 25% of field water holding capacity. | 1,3,6,12 d | Put含量降低,Spd和Spm含量增加。 Put content decreased and Spd and Spm content increased. | [ |
李 | 对叶片喷清水,盆内不浇水。Spray water on the leaves and keep the pots unwatered. | 60 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量明显增加。 Put, Spd and Spm contents were significantly increased. | [ |
毛竹 | 5%、15%和25% PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫。5%, 15% and 25% PEG 6000 simulated drought stress. | 20 d | Put含量显著下降、Spd和Spm含量逐渐上升,Put向Spd和Spm的转化有利于增强抗旱性。Put content decreased significantly and Spd and Spm content increased gradually, and the conversion of Put to Spd and Spm was beneficial to enhance drought resistance. | [ |
鹰嘴豆 C. arietinum | -0.6 MPa PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫。 -0.6 MPa PEG 6000 to simulate drought stress. | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量升高,其中Spd含量的显著增加在抵抗干旱胁迫中发挥着重要作用。Put, Spd and Spm contents increased, among which the significant increase in Spd content played an important role in the resistance to drought stress. | [ |
番茄 L. esculentum | 10% PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫。10% PEG 6000 simulated drought stress. | 6,12,24,36,48 h | Put、Spd和Spm含量不断增加,其中Spd和Spm的积累量均高于Put,Spm和Spd维持其抗旱性。 Put, Spd and Spm contents increased continuously, where both Spd and Spm accumulated more than Put, and Spm and Spd maintained their drought resistance. | [ |
表1 干旱胁迫下多胺在不同物种中的积累
Table 1 The accumulation of polyamines in different species under drought stress
物种 Species | 干旱条件 Drought conditions | 胁迫时间 Stress times | 3种多胺含量的变化 Changes in the content of the three polyamines | 参考文献 References |
---|---|---|---|---|
小麦 T. aestivum | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 12,24,36,48 h | Put、Spd和Spm含量先迅速升高而后下降,较高的Spd和Spm含量有利于增强小麦幼苗的抗旱性。 Put, Spd and Spm contents increased rapidly and then decreased, and higher Spd and Spm contents were beneficial to enhance the drought resistance of wheat seedlings. | [ |
小麦 T. aestivum | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 11 d | Put和Spm含量升高,Spd含量下降,其中Put的增加可能有利于Spm的进一步积累,从而抵抗干旱胁迫。 Put and Spm contents increased and Spd content decreased, in which the increase of Put might be beneficial to the further accumulation of Spm, thus resisting drought stress. | [ |
黑麦草 | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 20 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量上升,其中Spd和Spm上升幅度更大,与抗旱性关系密切。Put, Spd and Spm contents increased, among which Spd and Spm increased more and were closely related to drought resistance. | [ |
车前草 C. plantagineum | 停止灌溉Stop irrigation | 1,2,4,8,24,72,96 h | 在干旱处理的前24 h内,Spd和Spm含量增加,Put含量逐渐降低。Spd and Spm content increased and Put content gradually decreased during the first 24 h of drought treatment. | [ |
水稻 O. sativa | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%。Soil water content is 50% of field water holding capacity. | 18 d | Put 和Spd含量下降,Spm含量显著增加,Spm有利于增强植株抗旱性。Put and Spd content decreased and Spm content increased significantly, and Spm was beneficial to enhance the drought resistance of plants. | [ |
紫花苜蓿 | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的(55±5)%和(35±5)%。Soil water content is (55±5)% and (35±5)% of field water holding capacity. | 1,3,5,7 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量先上升后下降。 Put, Spd and Spm content increased and then decreased. | [ |
油菜 | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%、30%和10%。Soil water content is 50%, 30% and 10% of field water holding capacity. | 7 d | Put和Spm含量增加。Put and Spm content increased. | [ |
大马士革玫瑰 R. damascena | 土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%和25%。Soil water content is 50% and 25% of field water holding capacity. | 1,3,6,12 d | Put含量降低,Spd和Spm含量增加。 Put content decreased and Spd and Spm content increased. | [ |
李 | 对叶片喷清水,盆内不浇水。Spray water on the leaves and keep the pots unwatered. | 60 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量明显增加。 Put, Spd and Spm contents were significantly increased. | [ |
毛竹 | 5%、15%和25% PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫。5%, 15% and 25% PEG 6000 simulated drought stress. | 20 d | Put含量显著下降、Spd和Spm含量逐渐上升,Put向Spd和Spm的转化有利于增强抗旱性。Put content decreased significantly and Spd and Spm content increased gradually, and the conversion of Put to Spd and Spm was beneficial to enhance drought resistance. | [ |
鹰嘴豆 C. arietinum | -0.6 MPa PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫。 -0.6 MPa PEG 6000 to simulate drought stress. | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 d | Put、Spd和Spm含量升高,其中Spd含量的显著增加在抵抗干旱胁迫中发挥着重要作用。Put, Spd and Spm contents increased, among which the significant increase in Spd content played an important role in the resistance to drought stress. | [ |
番茄 L. esculentum | 10% PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫。10% PEG 6000 simulated drought stress. | 6,12,24,36,48 h | Put、Spd和Spm含量不断增加,其中Spd和Spm的积累量均高于Put,Spm和Spd维持其抗旱性。 Put, Spd and Spm contents increased continuously, where both Spd and Spm accumulated more than Put, and Spm and Spd maintained their drought resistance. | [ |
物种 Species | 取样部位 Sampling area | 抗旱类型 Types of drought resistance | 多胺含量的变化Changes in polyamine content | 参考文献 References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Put | Spd | Spm | ||||
小麦T. aestivum | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑↑ | - | - | |||
玉米Z. mays | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
大豆G. max | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
番茄S. lycopersicum | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | - | ↑ | ↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | - | ↓ | ↓ | |||
番茄L. esculentum | 果实Fruit | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑ | - | - |
表2 干旱胁迫下不同抗旱型品种体内3种多胺的积累差异
Table 2 The accumulation differences of three polyamines in different drought-resistant varieties under drought stress
物种 Species | 取样部位 Sampling area | 抗旱类型 Types of drought resistance | 多胺含量的变化Changes in polyamine content | 参考文献 References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Put | Spd | Spm | ||||
小麦T. aestivum | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑↑ | - | - | |||
玉米Z. mays | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
大豆G. max | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
番茄S. lycopersicum | 叶片Leaf | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | - | ↑ | ↑ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | - | ↓ | ↓ | |||
番茄L. esculentum | 果实Fruit | 耐旱型Drought tolerant | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ | [ |
敏感型Drought sensitive | ↑ | - | - |
图5 PAs的外源施用和转基因操纵对干旱胁迫下植物生长生理状况的影响↑表示增加,↓表示减少。↑ indicates an increase, ↓ indicates a decrease.
Fig.5 Effects of exogenous application of PAs and transgenic manipulation on plant growth and physiological status under drought stress
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