草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 227-235.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023258
• 研究简报 • 上一篇
丁维芹1,2(), 孙永刚1,2(), 韩银仓1,2, 刘亚倩1,2, 靳生伟1,2
收稿日期:
2023-07-24
修回日期:
2023-10-08
出版日期:
2024-06-20
发布日期:
2024-03-20
通讯作者:
孙永刚
作者简介:
E-mail: sunyg2009@qq.com基金资助:
Wei-qin DING1,2(), Yong-gang SUN1,2(), Yin-cang HAN1,2, Ya-qian LIU1,2, Sheng-wei JIN1,2
Received:
2023-07-24
Revised:
2023-10-08
Online:
2024-06-20
Published:
2024-03-20
Contact:
Yong-gang SUN
摘要:
为鉴定不同饲养方式下牦牛皮下脂肪组织中差异表达的微小RNAs(miRNAs),本试验采用高通量测序对不同饲养方式下牦牛皮下脂肪组织中的miRNAs进行筛选,运用DESeq分别鉴定出自然放牧18月龄(G18) vs (从自然放牧18月龄开始舍饲育肥6个月至24月龄)F24、G18 vs (自然放牧至24月龄)G24和F24 vs G24皮下脂肪组织中差异表达的miRNAs,对差异表达的miRNAs进行靶基因预测分析。在9个牦牛皮下脂肪组织中共鉴定出1158个miRNAs,其中已知miRNAs 731个,新预测miRNAs 427个。在G18 vs F24中有43个差异miRNAs,预测到的靶基因2436 个; 在G18 vs G24中有68个差异miRNAs,预测到的靶基因3559个,在F24 vs G24中有31个差异miRNAs,预测到的靶基因1456个。对预测到的基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,其主要富集到了脂肪酸代谢过程、脂肪酸生物合成过程、脂肪酸生物氧化、不饱和脂肪酸代谢过程和脂肪细胞分化调节等。因此,枯草期对牦牛进行补饲有利于牦牛皮下脂肪组织沉积。
丁维芹, 孙永刚, 韩银仓, 刘亚倩, 靳生伟. 牦牛皮下脂肪组织miRNA的鉴定与分析[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(6): 227-235.
Wei-qin DING, Yong-gang SUN, Yin-cang HAN, Ya-qian LIU, Sheng-wei JIN. Identification and analysis of miRNAs in subcutaneous fat tissue of yaks[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(6): 227-235.
项目Items | 比例Proportion (%) | 营养水平Nutrient levels | 含量Content |
---|---|---|---|
玉米Corn | 43.71 | 综合净能Combined net energy(MJ·kg-1) | 4.28 |
浓缩料Concentrate | 10.93 | 粗蛋白Crude protein (%) | 16.63 |
油菜籽粕Rapeseed meal | 3.00 | 粗脂肪Ether extract (%) | 5.49 |
豆粕Soybean meal | 3.00 | 粗纤维Crude fiber (%) | 21.17 |
燕麦干草Oat hay | 10.93 | 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (%) | 28.61 |
青贮Silage | 27.33 | 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 46.09 |
食盐Salt | 0.55 | 钙Calcium (%) | 0.36 |
小苏打NaHCO3 | 0.55 | 总磷Total phosphorus (%) | 0.16 |
合计Total | 100.00 |
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)
Table 1 Basal diet composition and nutrient levels (dry matter basis)
项目Items | 比例Proportion (%) | 营养水平Nutrient levels | 含量Content |
---|---|---|---|
玉米Corn | 43.71 | 综合净能Combined net energy(MJ·kg-1) | 4.28 |
浓缩料Concentrate | 10.93 | 粗蛋白Crude protein (%) | 16.63 |
油菜籽粕Rapeseed meal | 3.00 | 粗脂肪Ether extract (%) | 5.49 |
豆粕Soybean meal | 3.00 | 粗纤维Crude fiber (%) | 21.17 |
燕麦干草Oat hay | 10.93 | 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (%) | 28.61 |
青贮Silage | 27.33 | 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 46.09 |
食盐Salt | 0.55 | 钙Calcium (%) | 0.36 |
小苏打NaHCO3 | 0.55 | 总磷Total phosphorus (%) | 0.16 |
合计Total | 100.00 |
样本 Sample | 原始数据 Raw reads | 质控数据 Clean reads | 错误率 Error rate (%) | Q20 (%) | Q30 (%) | GC 含量 GC content (%) | 有效读数 Useful reads (18~32 nt) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G18_1 | 10750515 | 10148638 | 0.0234 | 98.60 | 95.90 | 48.28 | 9489991 |
G18_2 | 10344153 | 10053329 | 0.0228 | 98.93 | 96.43 | 47.57 | 9500929 |
G18_3 | 10984478 | 10809524 | 0.0242 | 98.04 | 95.35 | 46.06 | 10508432 |
F24_1 | 10916818 | 10635810 | 0.0221 | 99.12 | 97.25 | 45.53 | 10095800 |
F24_2 | 11840664 | 11204703 | 0.0221 | 99.18 | 97.29 | 47.62 | 10427912 |
F24_3 | 9953508 | 9830901 | 0.0222 | 99.13 | 97.13 | 48.10 | 9286535 |
G24_1 | 10513414 | 10431218 | 0.0217 | 99.38 | 97.64 | 46.04 | 8971547 |
G24_2 | 10042097 | 9926786 | 0.0219 | 99.26 | 97.43 | 45.77 | 9632620 |
G24_3 | 19642751 | 19531520 | 0.0227 | 98.96 | 96.46 | 47.40 | 17530772 |
表2 牦牛9个样本测序数据质控结果
Table 2 Quality control results of sequencing data from 9 samples of yak
样本 Sample | 原始数据 Raw reads | 质控数据 Clean reads | 错误率 Error rate (%) | Q20 (%) | Q30 (%) | GC 含量 GC content (%) | 有效读数 Useful reads (18~32 nt) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G18_1 | 10750515 | 10148638 | 0.0234 | 98.60 | 95.90 | 48.28 | 9489991 |
G18_2 | 10344153 | 10053329 | 0.0228 | 98.93 | 96.43 | 47.57 | 9500929 |
G18_3 | 10984478 | 10809524 | 0.0242 | 98.04 | 95.35 | 46.06 | 10508432 |
F24_1 | 10916818 | 10635810 | 0.0221 | 99.12 | 97.25 | 45.53 | 10095800 |
F24_2 | 11840664 | 11204703 | 0.0221 | 99.18 | 97.29 | 47.62 | 10427912 |
F24_3 | 9953508 | 9830901 | 0.0222 | 99.13 | 97.13 | 48.10 | 9286535 |
G24_1 | 10513414 | 10431218 | 0.0217 | 99.38 | 97.64 | 46.04 | 8971547 |
G24_2 | 10042097 | 9926786 | 0.0219 | 99.26 | 97.43 | 45.77 | 9632620 |
G24_3 | 19642751 | 19531520 | 0.0227 | 98.96 | 96.46 | 47.40 | 17530772 |
样本 Sample | 总读数 Total reads | 总比对数 Total mapped | Mapped reads (+) | Mapped reads (-) | 样本 Sample | 总读数 Total reads | 总比对数 Total mapped | Mapped reads (+) | Mapped reads (-) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G18_1 | 9489991 | 5344527 | 4212651 | 1825475 | F24_3 | 9286535 | 4246707 | 3197390 | 1634626 |
G18_2 | 9500929 | 5225765 | 3859662 | 1983461 | G24_1 | 8971547 | 5946435 | 2046646 | 4662344 |
G18_3 | 10508432 | 8837041 | 6854643 | 3113029 | G24_2 | 9632620 | 8034727 | 6221424 | 2754939 |
F24_1 | 10095800 | 8847347 | 6536930 | 3459607 | G24_3 | 17530772 | 9994961 | 7399388 | 3821385 |
F24_2 | 10427912 | 7733935 | 5803836 | 3120208 |
表3 牦牛9个样本序列比对结果
Table 3 Sequence comparison results of 9 samples of yak
样本 Sample | 总读数 Total reads | 总比对数 Total mapped | Mapped reads (+) | Mapped reads (-) | 样本 Sample | 总读数 Total reads | 总比对数 Total mapped | Mapped reads (+) | Mapped reads (-) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G18_1 | 9489991 | 5344527 | 4212651 | 1825475 | F24_3 | 9286535 | 4246707 | 3197390 | 1634626 |
G18_2 | 9500929 | 5225765 | 3859662 | 1983461 | G24_1 | 8971547 | 5946435 | 2046646 | 4662344 |
G18_3 | 10508432 | 8837041 | 6854643 | 3113029 | G24_2 | 9632620 | 8034727 | 6221424 | 2754939 |
F24_1 | 10095800 | 8847347 | 6536930 | 3459607 | G24_3 | 17530772 | 9994961 | 7399388 | 3821385 |
F24_2 | 10427912 | 7733935 | 5803836 | 3120208 |
图1 表达量差异统计结果横坐标代表不同的差异比较组别,纵坐标代表对应的上下调差异miRNA数目。The horizontal coordinates represent the different difference comparison groups, and the vertical coordinates represent the corresponding number of up- and down-regulated differential miRNAs.
Fig.1 Expression variation statistics result
miRNA身份编码miRNA ID | Log2FC (F24_SF/G18_SF) | P值P value | 显著性Significant | 上下调情况Regulate |
---|---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-1260b | 2.08031424948 | 0.0112727 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-24-3p | 1.02898643541 | 0.0466993 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-124a | 2.78762271924 | 0.0351538 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-885 | -3.95167430049 | 0.0207700 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-27a-5p | 2.36559870851 | 0.0016845 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
表4 G18 vs F24牦牛皮下脂肪差异倍数绝对值前5 位的miRNA
Table 4 G18 vs F24 miRNAs in the top 5 absolute values of subcutaneous fat differential ploidy in yaks
miRNA身份编码miRNA ID | Log2FC (F24_SF/G18_SF) | P值P value | 显著性Significant | 上下调情况Regulate |
---|---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-1260b | 2.08031424948 | 0.0112727 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-24-3p | 1.02898643541 | 0.0466993 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-124a | 2.78762271924 | 0.0351538 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-885 | -3.95167430049 | 0.0207700 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-27a-5p | 2.36559870851 | 0.0016845 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
miRNA身份编码miRNA ID | Log2FC (G24_SF/G18_SF) | P值 P value | 显著性 Significant | 上下调情况Regulate |
---|---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-454 | 2.11532735063 | 0.014020 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-218 | 1.05553458799 | 0.043355 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-29b | 1.19292296058 | 0.039507 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-193b | -1.80868199849 | 0.010954 | 是Yes | 下调Down |
bta-miR-335 | 1.59669329476 | 0.034489 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
表5 G18 vs G24牦牛皮下脂肪差异倍数绝对值前 5 位的 miRNA
Table 5 G18 vs G24 miRNAs in the top 5 absolute values of subcutaneous fat differential ploidy in yaks
miRNA身份编码miRNA ID | Log2FC (G24_SF/G18_SF) | P值 P value | 显著性 Significant | 上下调情况Regulate |
---|---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-454 | 2.11532735063 | 0.014020 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-218 | 1.05553458799 | 0.043355 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-29b | 1.19292296058 | 0.039507 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-193b | -1.80868199849 | 0.010954 | 是Yes | 下调Down |
bta-miR-335 | 1.59669329476 | 0.034489 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
miRNA身份编码miRNA ID | Log2FC(G24_SF/F24_SF) | P值 P value | 显著性Significant | 上下调情况Regulate |
---|---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-193b | -1.47024482126 | 0.038634 | 是Yes | 下调Down |
bta-miR-454 | 1.89166293414 | 0.027869 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-340 | 1.82365577695 | 0.014773 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-20a | 1.55661838474 | 0.038220 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-147 | 3.89774495343 | 0.002327 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
表6 F24 vs G24牦牛皮下脂肪差异倍数绝对值前 5 位的 miRNA
Table 6 F24 vs G24 miRNAs in the top 5 absolute values of subcutaneous fat differential ploidy in yaks
miRNA身份编码miRNA ID | Log2FC(G24_SF/F24_SF) | P值 P value | 显著性Significant | 上下调情况Regulate |
---|---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-193b | -1.47024482126 | 0.038634 | 是Yes | 下调Down |
bta-miR-454 | 1.89166293414 | 0.027869 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-340 | 1.82365577695 | 0.014773 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-20a | 1.55661838474 | 0.038220 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
bta-miR-147 | 3.89774495343 | 0.002327 | 是Yes | 上调Up |
miRNA名称 miRNA name | 预测到的靶基因 Predict target genes | miRNA名称 miRNA name | 预测到的靶基因 Predict target genes |
---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-1260 | MAP4K4、POU2F1、MRAS、STMP1、PACS2,et al | bta-miR-193b | ATL2、DYSF、AP5Z1、TMEM63A、FAT2,et al |
bta-miR-124a | DISP1、ITSN2、CTSH、LRRC28、CEP68,et al | bta-miR-335 | TRIP12、NFIB、NRXN1、AGTPBP1、MYO1E,et al |
bta-miR-24-3p | SPON1、CBFB、KIF18、CD163、ERG,et al | bta-miR-454 | VPS16、KIF14、DPY19L1、ECHDC1、VIRMA,et al |
bta-miR-885 | FUS、RTRAF、DIDO1、ARHGAP20、SAMD8,et al | bta-miR-193b | ATL2、DYSF、AP5Z1、TMEM63A、FAT2,et al |
bta-miR-27a-5p | CD163、KIF22、FAM43A、LRIF1、ACSS2,et al | bta-miR-340 | FEZZ、APP、CLIC1、PPP5C、ESPL1,et al |
bta-miR-454 | VPS16、KIF14、DPY19L1、ECHDC1、VIRMA,et al | bta-miR-20a | ZNF484、UNC5A、ILF3、PFKP、CDC37,et al |
bta-miR-218 | KIF3A、ZBTB6、ADCY6、SH3GL1、CCNG1,et al | bta-miR-147 | PLD、SLC20A2、ZNF608、PLEC、FASN,et al |
bta-miR-29b | EPB41L3、ANKRD28、TOP2B、CASQ1、HERC4,et al |
表7 差异表达miRNA预测靶基因(部分)
Table 7 Differentially expressed miRNAs predict target genes (part)
miRNA名称 miRNA name | 预测到的靶基因 Predict target genes | miRNA名称 miRNA name | 预测到的靶基因 Predict target genes |
---|---|---|---|
bta-miR-1260 | MAP4K4、POU2F1、MRAS、STMP1、PACS2,et al | bta-miR-193b | ATL2、DYSF、AP5Z1、TMEM63A、FAT2,et al |
bta-miR-124a | DISP1、ITSN2、CTSH、LRRC28、CEP68,et al | bta-miR-335 | TRIP12、NFIB、NRXN1、AGTPBP1、MYO1E,et al |
bta-miR-24-3p | SPON1、CBFB、KIF18、CD163、ERG,et al | bta-miR-454 | VPS16、KIF14、DPY19L1、ECHDC1、VIRMA,et al |
bta-miR-885 | FUS、RTRAF、DIDO1、ARHGAP20、SAMD8,et al | bta-miR-193b | ATL2、DYSF、AP5Z1、TMEM63A、FAT2,et al |
bta-miR-27a-5p | CD163、KIF22、FAM43A、LRIF1、ACSS2,et al | bta-miR-340 | FEZZ、APP、CLIC1、PPP5C、ESPL1,et al |
bta-miR-454 | VPS16、KIF14、DPY19L1、ECHDC1、VIRMA,et al | bta-miR-20a | ZNF484、UNC5A、ILF3、PFKP、CDC37,et al |
bta-miR-218 | KIF3A、ZBTB6、ADCY6、SH3GL1、CCNG1,et al | bta-miR-147 | PLD、SLC20A2、ZNF608、PLEC、FASN,et al |
bta-miR-29b | EPB41L3、ANKRD28、TOP2B、CASQ1、HERC4,et al |
组别Group | 通路名称Pathway name | 富集到该通路的基因Gene enrichment to this pathway |
---|---|---|
G18 vs F24 | 脂肪酸生物合成Fatty acid biosynthesis | ACACA、ACSL5、FASN、MECR、ACACB |
G18 vs G24 | 不饱和脂肪酸生物合成Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids | ACOX3、TECR、SCP2、 SCD、ACOX1、ELOVL5、ELOVL6、HACD3 |
脂肪酸生物合成Fatty acid biosynthesis | ACACA、FASN、MECR、ACACB、ACSL5 | |
脂肪酸降解Fatty acid degradation | ACOX3、ACSL5、TCP1、ADH5、EHHADH、ACOX1 | |
F24 vs G24 | 不饱和脂肪酸生物合成Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids | ACOX3、TECR、SCD、ELOVL5、ELOVL6、HACD3 |
脂肪酸生物合成Fatty acid biosynthesis | ACACA、FASN、MECR、ACSL5 | |
脂肪酸延长Fatty acid elongation | MECR、TECR、ELOVL5、ELOVL6、HACD3 | |
脂肪酸降解Fatty acid degradation | ACOX3、ACSL5、TCP1 |
表8 与脂肪有关的KEGG信号通路
Table 8 KEGG signaling pathway associated with adiposity
组别Group | 通路名称Pathway name | 富集到该通路的基因Gene enrichment to this pathway |
---|---|---|
G18 vs F24 | 脂肪酸生物合成Fatty acid biosynthesis | ACACA、ACSL5、FASN、MECR、ACACB |
G18 vs G24 | 不饱和脂肪酸生物合成Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids | ACOX3、TECR、SCP2、 SCD、ACOX1、ELOVL5、ELOVL6、HACD3 |
脂肪酸生物合成Fatty acid biosynthesis | ACACA、FASN、MECR、ACACB、ACSL5 | |
脂肪酸降解Fatty acid degradation | ACOX3、ACSL5、TCP1、ADH5、EHHADH、ACOX1 | |
F24 vs G24 | 不饱和脂肪酸生物合成Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids | ACOX3、TECR、SCD、ELOVL5、ELOVL6、HACD3 |
脂肪酸生物合成Fatty acid biosynthesis | ACACA、FASN、MECR、ACSL5 | |
脂肪酸延长Fatty acid elongation | MECR、TECR、ELOVL5、ELOVL6、HACD3 | |
脂肪酸降解Fatty acid degradation | ACOX3、ACSL5、TCP1 |
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