草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 97-110.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024057
收稿日期:2024-02-26
修回日期:2024-06-25
出版日期:2025-03-20
发布日期:2025-01-02
通讯作者:
刘晓静
作者简介:E-mail: liuxj@gsau.edu.cn基金资助:
Ya-jiao ZHAO(
), Xiao-jing LIU(
), Fang LIN
Received:2024-02-26
Revised:2024-06-25
Online:2025-03-20
Published:2025-01-02
Contact:
Xiao-jing LIU
摘要:
为筛选黄土高原半干旱区适宜种植的饲草间套作组合,于2016-2019年在甘肃省兰州市采用田间试验方法对紫花苜蓿与玉米、甜高粱、燕麦和小黑麦进行间套作,并探究间套作下饲草的生产特性及土地利用特征。研究发现,紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作和紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作下的干草产量显著大于紫花苜蓿单作;在2018和2019年时,紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作和紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作下的干草产量和粗蛋白产量分别显著大于燕麦单作和小黑麦单作。同时,紫花苜蓿与甜高粱(玉米)间套作时的群体产量和群体粗蛋白产量明显大于其他种植模式。另外,玉米、燕麦(除种植第2年)和小黑麦在间套作下其粗蛋白含量较其单作显著升高;紫花苜蓿表现相反。4种间套作组合中,土地当量比、区域时间等价率和农田利用效率均大于1;4种禾本科牧草的侵占力均大于0,竞争比率均大于1。其中,紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作的土地当量比、区域时间等价率和农田利用效率最高。综上,在西北半干旱区进行饲草间套作种植,以生产性能为目标时,推荐紫花苜蓿/玉米(甜高粱)间套作;以土地利用为目标时,推荐紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作。
赵雅姣, 刘晓静, 蔺芳. 适宜于黄土高原半干旱区豆禾饲草间套作组合的筛选[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(3): 97-110.
Ya-jiao ZHAO, Xiao-jing LIU, Fang LIN. Selection of intercropping combinations suitable for alfalfa and Poaceae forages in semi-arid areas of the Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(3): 97-110.
| 材料 Material | 品种(系) Cultivar (line) | 生育期Growing period (d) | 来源 Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | LW6010 | 多年生Perennial | 甘肃农业大学草业学院 Gansu Agricultural University, College of Prataculture |
| 玉米Maize | KD-3 | 120 | 河南省农业科学院Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 海狮Sea lion | 125 | 北京克劳沃Beijing Clover Company |
| 燕麦Oat | 海威Haywire | 100 | 北京克劳沃Beijing Clover Company |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 中饲1048 Zhongsi 1048 | 236 | 河北省农业科学院Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
根瘤菌 Bradyrhizobium japonicum | 中华根瘤菌12531 Sinorhizobium meliloti 12531 | - | 甘肃农业大学草业学院 Gansu Agricultural University, College of Prataculture |
表1 供试品种(系)来源
Table 1 Tested cultivars (lines) and origins
| 材料 Material | 品种(系) Cultivar (line) | 生育期Growing period (d) | 来源 Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | LW6010 | 多年生Perennial | 甘肃农业大学草业学院 Gansu Agricultural University, College of Prataculture |
| 玉米Maize | KD-3 | 120 | 河南省农业科学院Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 海狮Sea lion | 125 | 北京克劳沃Beijing Clover Company |
| 燕麦Oat | 海威Haywire | 100 | 北京克劳沃Beijing Clover Company |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 中饲1048 Zhongsi 1048 | 236 | 河北省农业科学院Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
根瘤菌 Bradyrhizobium japonicum | 中华根瘤菌12531 Sinorhizobium meliloti 12531 | - | 甘肃农业大学草业学院 Gansu Agricultural University, College of Prataculture |
| 年份Year | 作物类型 Cropping system | 种植日期 Planting date | 第1次刈割 First mowing | 第2次刈割 Second mowing | 第3次刈割 Third mowing | 第4次刈割 Fourth mowing | 第5次刈割 Fifth mowing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | 2016-9-10 | 2017-5-15 | 2017-6-20 | 2017-7-20 | 2017-8-26 | 2017-10-8 |
| 玉米Maize | 2017-5-15 | - | - | - | 2017-8-26 | - | |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 2017-5-15 | - | - | - | 2017-8-26 | - | |
| 燕麦Oat | 2017-3-23 | - | 2017-6-20 | - | - | - | |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 2017-3-23 | - | 2017-6-20 | - | - | - | |
| 2018 | 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | - | 2018-5-12 | 2018-6-12 | 2018-7-12 | 2018-8-20 | 2018-10-5 |
| 玉米Maize | 2018-5-8 | - | - | - | 2018-8-20 | - | |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 2018-5-8 | - | - | - | 2018-8-20 | - | |
| 燕麦Oat | 2018-3-15 | - | 2018-6-12 | - | - | - | |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 2018-3-15 | - | 2018-6-12 | - | - | - | |
| 2019 | 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | - | 2019-5-8 | 2019-6-10 | 2019-7-8 | 2019-8-13 | 2019-9-26 |
| 玉米Maize | 2019-5-2 | - | - | - | 2019-8-13 | - | |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 2019-5-2 | - | - | - | 2019-8-13 | - | |
| 燕麦Oat | 2019-3-12 | - | 2019-6-10 | - | - | - | |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 2019-3-12 | - | 2018-6-12 | - | - | - |
表2 不同年份各牧草的种植及刈割时间(年-月-日)
Table 2 Planting and mowing times of different pastures in different years (Year-month-day)
| 年份Year | 作物类型 Cropping system | 种植日期 Planting date | 第1次刈割 First mowing | 第2次刈割 Second mowing | 第3次刈割 Third mowing | 第4次刈割 Fourth mowing | 第5次刈割 Fifth mowing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | 2016-9-10 | 2017-5-15 | 2017-6-20 | 2017-7-20 | 2017-8-26 | 2017-10-8 |
| 玉米Maize | 2017-5-15 | - | - | - | 2017-8-26 | - | |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 2017-5-15 | - | - | - | 2017-8-26 | - | |
| 燕麦Oat | 2017-3-23 | - | 2017-6-20 | - | - | - | |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 2017-3-23 | - | 2017-6-20 | - | - | - | |
| 2018 | 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | - | 2018-5-12 | 2018-6-12 | 2018-7-12 | 2018-8-20 | 2018-10-5 |
| 玉米Maize | 2018-5-8 | - | - | - | 2018-8-20 | - | |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 2018-5-8 | - | - | - | 2018-8-20 | - | |
| 燕麦Oat | 2018-3-15 | - | 2018-6-12 | - | - | - | |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 2018-3-15 | - | 2018-6-12 | - | - | - | |
| 2019 | 紫花苜蓿Alfalfa | - | 2019-5-8 | 2019-6-10 | 2019-7-8 | 2019-8-13 | 2019-9-26 |
| 玉米Maize | 2019-5-2 | - | - | - | 2019-8-13 | - | |
| 甜高粱Sorghum | 2019-5-2 | - | - | - | 2019-8-13 | - | |
| 燕麦Oat | 2019-3-12 | - | 2019-6-10 | - | - | - | |
| 小黑麦Triticale | 2019-3-12 | - | 2018-6-12 | - | - | - |
图2 不同种植模式的群体干草产量A/M,A/S,A/O,A/T,MA,MM,MS,MO和MT分别代表紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作组合、紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作组合、紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作组合、紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作组合、紫花苜蓿单作、玉米单作、甜高粱单作、燕麦单作和小黑麦单作。*代表差异显著(P<0.05),**代表差异极显著(P<0.01)。下同。A/M, A/S, A/O, A/T, MA, MM, MS, MO and MT represented alfalfa/maize intercropping, alfalfa/sorghum intercropping, alfalfa/oat intercropping and alfalfa/triticale intercropping, monoculture alfalfa, monoculture maize, monoculture sorghum, monoculture oat and monoculture triticale. * meant significant difference at 0.05 level, ** meant extremely significant difference at 0.01 level. The same below.
Fig.2 Group dry grass yield under different planting patterns
图3 不同种植模式的群体粗蛋白产量不同字母表示同一年份下差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。Different letters meant significant difference at 0.05 level in the same year. The same below.
Fig.3 Group crude protein yield under different planting patterns
| 年份Year | 组合 Combinations | 紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作 Alfalfa/maize intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作 Alfalfa/sorghum intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作 Alfalfa/oat intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作 Alfalfa/triticale intercropping | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 玉米 Maize | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 甜高粱 Sorghum | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 燕麦 Oat | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 小黑麦 Triticale | |
| 2017 | 单作Monoculture | 18.35±0.63 | 11.25±0.45 | 18.35±0.63 | 9.67±0.40 | 19.83±0.38 | 15.06±0.73 | 19.83±0.38 | 15.33±0.38 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 16.29±0.31 | 12.27±0.83 | 16.02±0.62 | 10.10±0.52 | 18.40±0.39 | 16.20±0.85 | 18.16±0.44 | 16.51±0.48 | |
| P | ** | * | ** | ns | ** | * | ** | * | |
| 2018 | 单作Monoculture | 19.69±0.95 | 10.90±0.53 | 19.69±0.95 | 9.30±0.54 | 20.23±0.81 | 14.78±0.37 | 20.23±0.81 | 14.78±0.82 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 17.35±0.75 | 11.58±0.48 | 16.92±0.19 | 9.88±0.53 | 18.25±0.34 | 15.29±0.71 | 18.15±0.38 | 16.04±1.19 | |
| P | ** | * | ** | ns | ** | ns | ** | * | |
| 2019 | 单作Monoculture | 19.56±0.63 | 10.11±0.45 | 19.56±0.63 | 8.96±0.50 | 19.93±0.65 | 15.05±0.27 | 19.93±0.65 | 15.24±0.34 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 17.74±0.56 | 10.83±0.52 | 17.51±0.77 | 9.34±0.33 | 18.44±0.50 | 15.96±0.62 | 18.24±0.32 | 16.16±0.83 | |
| P | ** | * | ** | ns | ** | * | ** | * | |
表3 不同种植模式下牧草的粗蛋白含量
Table 3 The crude protein content under different planting patterns (%)
| 年份Year | 组合 Combinations | 紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作 Alfalfa/maize intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作 Alfalfa/sorghum intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作 Alfalfa/oat intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作 Alfalfa/triticale intercropping | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 玉米 Maize | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 甜高粱 Sorghum | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 燕麦 Oat | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 小黑麦 Triticale | |
| 2017 | 单作Monoculture | 18.35±0.63 | 11.25±0.45 | 18.35±0.63 | 9.67±0.40 | 19.83±0.38 | 15.06±0.73 | 19.83±0.38 | 15.33±0.38 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 16.29±0.31 | 12.27±0.83 | 16.02±0.62 | 10.10±0.52 | 18.40±0.39 | 16.20±0.85 | 18.16±0.44 | 16.51±0.48 | |
| P | ** | * | ** | ns | ** | * | ** | * | |
| 2018 | 单作Monoculture | 19.69±0.95 | 10.90±0.53 | 19.69±0.95 | 9.30±0.54 | 20.23±0.81 | 14.78±0.37 | 20.23±0.81 | 14.78±0.82 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 17.35±0.75 | 11.58±0.48 | 16.92±0.19 | 9.88±0.53 | 18.25±0.34 | 15.29±0.71 | 18.15±0.38 | 16.04±1.19 | |
| P | ** | * | ** | ns | ** | ns | ** | * | |
| 2019 | 单作Monoculture | 19.56±0.63 | 10.11±0.45 | 19.56±0.63 | 8.96±0.50 | 19.93±0.65 | 15.05±0.27 | 19.93±0.65 | 15.24±0.34 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 17.74±0.56 | 10.83±0.52 | 17.51±0.77 | 9.34±0.33 | 18.44±0.50 | 15.96±0.62 | 18.24±0.32 | 16.16±0.83 | |
| P | ** | * | ** | ns | ** | * | ** | * | |
| 年份Year | 组合 Combinations | 紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作 Alfalfa/maize intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作 Alfalfa/sorghum intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作 Alfalfa/oat intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作 Alfalfa/triticale intercropping | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 玉米 Maize | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 甜高粱 Sorghum | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 燕麦 Oat | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 小黑麦 Triticale | |
| 2017 | 单作Monoculture | 34.23±0.49 | 44.69±1.53 | 34.23±0.49 | 44.14±2.14 | 32.14±1.88 | 38.23±1.86 | 32.14±1.88 | 37.98±1.38 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 36.21±0.65 | 42.65±1.97 | 36.54±2.36 | 42.60±2.35 | 33.41±2.19 | 37.39±1.68 | 34.33±2.38 | 36.72±0.97 | |
| P | * | * | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | |
| 2018 | 单作Monoculture | 33.38±2.15 | 44.82±1.48 | 33.38±2.15 | 45.55±3.62 | 32.25±1.93 | 39.42±1.77 | 32.25±1.93 | 38.33±1.67 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 34.98±0.59 | 43.75±3.61 | 35.64±1.33 | 44.33±4.17 | 33.18±1.88 | 36.30±1.85 | 33.44±1.75 | 36.49±1.71 | |
| P | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | |
| 2019 | 单作Monoculture | 32.10±2.00 | 45.81±3.48 | 32.10±2.00 | 47.26±3.70 | 31.40±1.60 | 38.36±1.69 | 31.40±1.60 | 36.64±1.36 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 33.27±2.07 | 43.20±3.59 | 33.79±5.47 | 45.69±1.09 | 33.63±1.31 | 35.62±1.35 | 33.37±2.15 | 34.57±1.71 | |
| P | ns | * | ns | ns | * | * | ns | * | |
表4 不同种植模式下牧草的酸性洗涤纤维含量
Table 4 The acid detergent fiber content under different planting patterns (%)
| 年份Year | 组合 Combinations | 紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作 Alfalfa/maize intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作 Alfalfa/sorghum intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作 Alfalfa/oat intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作 Alfalfa/triticale intercropping | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 玉米 Maize | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 甜高粱 Sorghum | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 燕麦 Oat | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 小黑麦 Triticale | |
| 2017 | 单作Monoculture | 34.23±0.49 | 44.69±1.53 | 34.23±0.49 | 44.14±2.14 | 32.14±1.88 | 38.23±1.86 | 32.14±1.88 | 37.98±1.38 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 36.21±0.65 | 42.65±1.97 | 36.54±2.36 | 42.60±2.35 | 33.41±2.19 | 37.39±1.68 | 34.33±2.38 | 36.72±0.97 | |
| P | * | * | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | |
| 2018 | 单作Monoculture | 33.38±2.15 | 44.82±1.48 | 33.38±2.15 | 45.55±3.62 | 32.25±1.93 | 39.42±1.77 | 32.25±1.93 | 38.33±1.67 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 34.98±0.59 | 43.75±3.61 | 35.64±1.33 | 44.33±4.17 | 33.18±1.88 | 36.30±1.85 | 33.44±1.75 | 36.49±1.71 | |
| P | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | |
| 2019 | 单作Monoculture | 32.10±2.00 | 45.81±3.48 | 32.10±2.00 | 47.26±3.70 | 31.40±1.60 | 38.36±1.69 | 31.40±1.60 | 36.64±1.36 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 33.27±2.07 | 43.20±3.59 | 33.79±5.47 | 45.69±1.09 | 33.63±1.31 | 35.62±1.35 | 33.37±2.15 | 34.57±1.71 | |
| P | ns | * | ns | ns | * | * | ns | * | |
| 年份Year | 组合 Combinations | 紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作 Alfalfa/maize intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作 Alfalfa/sorghum intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作 Alfalfa/oat intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作 Alfalfa/triticale intercropping | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 玉米 Maize | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 甜高粱 Sorghum | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 燕麦 Oat | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 小黑麦 Triticale | |
| 2017 | 单作Monoculture | 45.25±3.47 | 62.49±2.42 | 45.25±3.47 | 64.41±4.20 | 42.43±1.36 | 49.36±1.86 | 42.43±1.36 | 46.55±3.67 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 48.39±1.73 | 60.49±1.11 | 48.33±2.01 | 61.58±4.66 | 43.68±0.43 | 47.54±1.37 | 43.40±1.56 | 45.61±1.44 | |
| P | * | ns | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | |
| 2018 | 单作Monoculture | 43.43±4.08 | 63.32±4.01 | 43.43±4.08 | 65.32±4.04 | 41.48±2.04 | 48.60±1.94 | 41.48±2.04 | 47.33±1.72 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 45.06±3.17 | 60.45±4.05 | 46.35±2.18 | 63.27±4.14 | 42.40±1.62 | 46.58±1.81 | 42.45±1.65 | 45.37±2.03 | |
| P | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | |
| 2019 | 单作Monoculture | 42.65±2.59 | 63.76±4.79 | 42.65±2.59 | 67.31±3.60 | 41.32±1.73 | 49.40±1.67 | 41.32±1.73 | 47.63±2.91 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 45.32±3.94 | 60.65±4.23 | 45.54±2.58 | 63.95±2.47 | 42.36±1.67 | 47.26±2.00 | 42.53±1.27 | 45.79±3.00 | |
| P | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | |
表5 不同种植模式下牧草中性洗涤纤维含量
Table 5 The neutral detergent fiber content under different planting patterns (%)
| 年份Year | 组合 Combinations | 紫花苜蓿/玉米间套作 Alfalfa/maize intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/甜高粱间套作 Alfalfa/sorghum intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/燕麦间套作 Alfalfa/oat intercropping | 紫花苜蓿/小黑麦间套作 Alfalfa/triticale intercropping | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 玉米 Maize | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 甜高粱 Sorghum | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 燕麦 Oat | 紫花苜蓿 Alfalfa | 小黑麦 Triticale | |
| 2017 | 单作Monoculture | 45.25±3.47 | 62.49±2.42 | 45.25±3.47 | 64.41±4.20 | 42.43±1.36 | 49.36±1.86 | 42.43±1.36 | 46.55±3.67 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 48.39±1.73 | 60.49±1.11 | 48.33±2.01 | 61.58±4.66 | 43.68±0.43 | 47.54±1.37 | 43.40±1.56 | 45.61±1.44 | |
| P | * | ns | * | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | |
| 2018 | 单作Monoculture | 43.43±4.08 | 63.32±4.01 | 43.43±4.08 | 65.32±4.04 | 41.48±2.04 | 48.60±1.94 | 41.48±2.04 | 47.33±1.72 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 45.06±3.17 | 60.45±4.05 | 46.35±2.18 | 63.27±4.14 | 42.40±1.62 | 46.58±1.81 | 42.45±1.65 | 45.37±2.03 | |
| P | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | |
| 2019 | 单作Monoculture | 42.65±2.59 | 63.76±4.79 | 42.65±2.59 | 67.31±3.60 | 41.32±1.73 | 49.40±1.67 | 41.32±1.73 | 47.63±2.91 |
| 间套作Intercropping | 45.32±3.94 | 60.65±4.23 | 45.54±2.58 | 63.95±2.47 | 42.36±1.67 | 47.26±2.00 | 42.53±1.27 | 45.79±3.00 | |
| P | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | |
年份 Year | 种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿偏土地当量比 Partial land-equivalent ratio of alfalfa (PLERa) | 禾本科牧草偏土地当量比 Partial land-equivalent ratio of gramineae forage (PLERg) | 土地当量比 Land equivalent ratio (LER) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | A/M | 0.44±0.02b | 0.57±0.01a | 1.01±0.02a |
| A/S | 0.44±0.02b | 0.57±0.05a | 1.01±0.06a | |
| A/O | 0.45±0.01b | 0.59±0.03a | 1.04±0.02a | |
| A/T | 0.48±0.01a | 0.58±0.05a | 1.06±0.06a | |
| 2018 | A/M | 0.46±0.00bc | 0.59±0.02a | 1.05±0.02a |
| A/S | 0.46±0.01c | 0.59±0.03a | 1.05±0.02a | |
| A/O | 0.47±0.01b | 0.62±0.05a | 1.08±0.04a | |
| A/T | 0.48±0.00a | 0.63±0.03a | 1.11±0.04a | |
| 2019 | A/M | 0.46±0.01a | 0.62±0.02a | 1.08±0.02a |
| A/S | 0.46±0.01a | 0.61±0.00a | 1.07±0.02a | |
| A/O | 0.45±0.01a | 0.66±0.05a | 1.12±0.05a | |
| A/T | 0.47±0.01a | 0.66±0.04a | 1.12±0.04a |
表6 4种间套作模式的土地当量比评价
Table 6 Land equivalent ratio (LER) evaluation of 4 patterns of intercropping systems
年份 Year | 种植模式 Planting patterns | 紫花苜蓿偏土地当量比 Partial land-equivalent ratio of alfalfa (PLERa) | 禾本科牧草偏土地当量比 Partial land-equivalent ratio of gramineae forage (PLERg) | 土地当量比 Land equivalent ratio (LER) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | A/M | 0.44±0.02b | 0.57±0.01a | 1.01±0.02a |
| A/S | 0.44±0.02b | 0.57±0.05a | 1.01±0.06a | |
| A/O | 0.45±0.01b | 0.59±0.03a | 1.04±0.02a | |
| A/T | 0.48±0.01a | 0.58±0.05a | 1.06±0.06a | |
| 2018 | A/M | 0.46±0.00bc | 0.59±0.02a | 1.05±0.02a |
| A/S | 0.46±0.01c | 0.59±0.03a | 1.05±0.02a | |
| A/O | 0.47±0.01b | 0.62±0.05a | 1.08±0.04a | |
| A/T | 0.48±0.00a | 0.63±0.03a | 1.11±0.04a | |
| 2019 | A/M | 0.46±0.01a | 0.62±0.02a | 1.08±0.02a |
| A/S | 0.46±0.01a | 0.61±0.00a | 1.07±0.02a | |
| A/O | 0.45±0.01a | 0.66±0.05a | 1.12±0.05a | |
| A/T | 0.47±0.01a | 0.66±0.04a | 1.12±0.04a |
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