草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 173-184.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024379
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2024-09-27
修回日期:2024-10-31
出版日期:2025-09-20
发布日期:2025-07-02
作者简介:袁玖(1980-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,副教授,硕士。E-mail: 511370041@qq.com
基金资助:Received:2024-09-27
Revised:2024-10-31
Online:2025-09-20
Published:2025-07-02
摘要:
为了测定3种蔬菜尾菜分别与玉米秸秆青贮料、精料间最优组合效应(AE),本研究采用单因子试验设计,利用体外产气法,首先将绿豆衣、大蒜皮、茄子皮分别与玉米秸秆青贮料100∶0、75∶25、50∶50、25∶75、0∶100下发酵,筛选出3种尾菜与青贮的最佳组合效应配比;然后,以此最佳配比作为一种混合粗饲料与商品精料按0∶100、50∶50、60∶40、70∶30、80∶20、100∶0配比发酵培养。记录0、2、4、6、9、12、24、36、48、72 h的产气量,按照一个指数方程式分析计算出快速产气量、缓慢产气量、潜在产气量及产气速度常数。利用72 h产气量和各组合的加权估算值计算出产气量的组合效应值。结果表明:绿豆衣∶青贮为25∶75、大蒜皮∶青贮75∶25、茄子皮∶青贮50∶50时,饲料组合效应值极显著或显著高于(P<0.01或P<0.05)其他两个配比组。3种混合粗饲料(即绿豆衣∶青贮=25∶75,大蒜皮∶青贮=75∶25,茄子皮∶青贮=50∶50)与精料不同配比发酵后结果表明,绿豆衣的快速产气量(a)、48和72 h产气量的AE,70∶30组均显著高于80∶20、60∶40、50∶50组(P<0.05)。大蒜皮的缓慢产气量(b)、潜在产气量(a+b),60∶40、0∶100组分别显著、极显著高于100∶0、80∶20、50∶50组(P<0.05,P<0.01);大蒜皮48、72 h产气量的AE,60∶40组显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。茄子皮的a值,48、72 h产气量的AE,80∶20组分别极显著、显著高于其他3组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。当绿豆衣∶玉米秸秆青贮料∶精料=17.5∶52.5∶30.0、大蒜皮∶玉米秸秆青贮料∶精料= 45∶15∶40、茄子皮∶玉米秸秆青贮料∶精料=40∶40∶20时,饲粮的组合效应值最大。3种配比饲喂动物后对生产性能的影响,还需动物饲养试验进行验证。
袁玖. 绿豆衣、大蒜皮、茄子皮与玉米秸秆青贮料、精料间饲料组合效应研究[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(9): 173-184.
Jiu YUAN. A study of the feed associative effects of mung bean, garlic and eggplant peels when combined with maize straw silage and feed concentrate[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(9): 173-184.
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 0∶100 | 25∶75 | 50∶50 | 75∶25 | 100∶0 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣∶青贮 MBP∶CSS | 12 | 10.25±2.42b | 30.50±2.94a | 29.50±3.54a | 32.00±2.83a | 32.50±0.71a | 0.017 |
| 24 | 15.55±1.95b | 37.00±3.49a | 33.00±2.83a | 33.00±1.41a | 35.00±1.41a | 0.017 | |
| 48 | 19.75±3.02b | 39.00±3.90a | 38.00±1.41a | 36.00±2.83a | 40.00±0.80a | 0.013 | |
| 72 | 22.00±2.70B | 49.00±2.83A | 44.00±1.41A | 44.00±2.66A | 47.00±2.83A | 0.001 | |
大蒜皮∶青贮 Garlic peel∶CSS | 12 | 10.25±2.42c | 28.00±2.83a | 22.50±3.60ab | 25.50±0.71ab | 12.25±1.06bc | 0.023 |
| 24 | 15.55±1.95C | 28.00±2.83B | 26.75±2.60B | 38.00±2.83A | 14.25±1.77C | <0.001 | |
| 48 | 19.75±3.02C | 32.00±1.41B | 29.75±0.35B | 54.25±0.35A | 15.50±2.12C | <0.001 | |
| 72 | 22.00±2.70C | 39.00±1.41B | 29.75±0.35C | 59.25±3.01A | 15.50±2.12D | <0.001 | |
茄子皮∶青贮 EP∶CSS | 12 | 10.25±2.42C | 20.17±3.65B | 35.33±2.31A | 34.00±1.00A | 35.00±1.41A | <0.001 |
| 24 | 15.55±1.95C | 23.00±3.50B | 35.33±2.31A | 39.33±3.51A | 42.75±3.30A | 0.001 | |
| 48 | 19.75±3.02C | 26.50±2.27B | 37.67±1.60A | 43.50±2.09A | 47.50±3.78A | <0.001 | |
| 72 | 22.00±2.70C | 28.50±2.59B | 41.17±0.76A | 47.33±3.50A | 50.50±3.54A | <0.001 |
表1 尾菜与玉米秸秆青贮料不同配比培养后各时间点产气量
Table 1 Gas production at different time points after in vitro cultivation of vegetable waste and corn straw silage with different ratios (mL)
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 0∶100 | 25∶75 | 50∶50 | 75∶25 | 100∶0 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣∶青贮 MBP∶CSS | 12 | 10.25±2.42b | 30.50±2.94a | 29.50±3.54a | 32.00±2.83a | 32.50±0.71a | 0.017 |
| 24 | 15.55±1.95b | 37.00±3.49a | 33.00±2.83a | 33.00±1.41a | 35.00±1.41a | 0.017 | |
| 48 | 19.75±3.02b | 39.00±3.90a | 38.00±1.41a | 36.00±2.83a | 40.00±0.80a | 0.013 | |
| 72 | 22.00±2.70B | 49.00±2.83A | 44.00±1.41A | 44.00±2.66A | 47.00±2.83A | 0.001 | |
大蒜皮∶青贮 Garlic peel∶CSS | 12 | 10.25±2.42c | 28.00±2.83a | 22.50±3.60ab | 25.50±0.71ab | 12.25±1.06bc | 0.023 |
| 24 | 15.55±1.95C | 28.00±2.83B | 26.75±2.60B | 38.00±2.83A | 14.25±1.77C | <0.001 | |
| 48 | 19.75±3.02C | 32.00±1.41B | 29.75±0.35B | 54.25±0.35A | 15.50±2.12C | <0.001 | |
| 72 | 22.00±2.70C | 39.00±1.41B | 29.75±0.35C | 59.25±3.01A | 15.50±2.12D | <0.001 | |
茄子皮∶青贮 EP∶CSS | 12 | 10.25±2.42C | 20.17±3.65B | 35.33±2.31A | 34.00±1.00A | 35.00±1.41A | <0.001 |
| 24 | 15.55±1.95C | 23.00±3.50B | 35.33±2.31A | 39.33±3.51A | 42.75±3.30A | 0.001 | |
| 48 | 19.75±3.02C | 26.50±2.27B | 37.67±1.60A | 43.50±2.09A | 47.50±3.78A | <0.001 | |
| 72 | 22.00±2.70C | 28.50±2.59B | 41.17±0.76A | 47.33±3.50A | 50.50±3.54A | <0.001 |
类型 Type | 配比 Ratio | 快速产气部分 Rapid GP (a, mL) | 缓慢产气部分 Slow GP (b, mL) | 缓慢产气常数 Constant of b (c, %·h-1) | 潜在产气部分 Potential GP (a+b, mL) | pH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣∶青贮 MBP∶CSS | 0∶100 | -1.96±0.29B | 17.33±4.52a | 0.4549±0.0095a | 11.00±3.78B | 6.63±0.04A |
| 25∶75 | 28.30±3.15A | 43.92±5.19a | 0.3144±0.0065a | 72.22±4.03A | 5.98±0.15B | |
| 50∶50 | 27.85±3.70A | 30.86±0.51a | 0.0009±0.0003b | 58.71±4.23A | 6.06±0.10B | |
| 75∶25 | 30.48±2.18A | 37.10±4.24a | 0.0006±0.0001b | 67.57±5.42A | 6.09±0.03B | |
| 100∶0 | 30.83±0.47A | 33.37±4.93a | 0.0006±0.0001b | 63.13±3.90A | 5.98±0.07B | |
| P | 0.0020 | 0.2520 | 0.0270 | 0.0080 | <0.0001 | |
大蒜皮∶青贮 Garlic peel∶CSS | 0∶100 | -6.85±0.99c | 8.35±3.19B | 0.4502±0.0573A | 5.69±0.73B | 6.61±0.01a |
| 25∶75 | 20.53±3.00ab | 27.75±4.74B | 0.0005±0.0002B | 48.28±5.74A | 6.02±0.04b | |
| 50∶50 | 26.65±3.23a | 26.17±5.42B | 0.0139±0.0019B | 52.81±4.65A | 6.23±0.32ab | |
| 75∶25 | 5.38±1.78bc | 60.78±6.62A | 0.0355±0.0150B | 55.42±3.35A | 6.01±0.11b | |
| 100∶0 | 1.25±0.72c | 13.68±4.90B | 0.0454±0.0285B | 14.93±2.32B | 6.33±0.21ab | |
| P | 0.0210 | 0.0060 | 0.0060 | 0.0080 | 0.0390 | |
茄子皮∶青贮 EP∶CSS | 0∶100 | -6.85±0.99C | 17.33±1.51a | 0.4502±0.0574A | 10.99±3.78C | 6.63±0.04A |
| 25∶75 | 20.66±2.09B | 21.33±2.63a | 0.0159±0.0016B | 36.83±4.48B | 6.08±0.06C | |
| 50∶50 | 34.56±2.60A | 27.63±1.09a | 0.0003±0.0001B | 62.19±2.02A | 5.93±0.07D | |
| 75∶25 | 30.39±1.05A | 20.48±3.56a | 0.0213±0.0021B | 48.18±4.57B | 5.96±0.08CD | |
| 100∶0 | 30.53±0.01A | 30.99±3.98a | 0.0146±0.0018B | 61.52±4.99A | 6.28±0.05B | |
| P | <0.0001 | 0.1650 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
表2 尾菜与玉米秸秆青贮料不同配比培养后的产气参数和pH
Table 2 Gas production parameters and pH after in vitro cultivation of vegetable waste and corn straw silage with different ratios
类型 Type | 配比 Ratio | 快速产气部分 Rapid GP (a, mL) | 缓慢产气部分 Slow GP (b, mL) | 缓慢产气常数 Constant of b (c, %·h-1) | 潜在产气部分 Potential GP (a+b, mL) | pH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣∶青贮 MBP∶CSS | 0∶100 | -1.96±0.29B | 17.33±4.52a | 0.4549±0.0095a | 11.00±3.78B | 6.63±0.04A |
| 25∶75 | 28.30±3.15A | 43.92±5.19a | 0.3144±0.0065a | 72.22±4.03A | 5.98±0.15B | |
| 50∶50 | 27.85±3.70A | 30.86±0.51a | 0.0009±0.0003b | 58.71±4.23A | 6.06±0.10B | |
| 75∶25 | 30.48±2.18A | 37.10±4.24a | 0.0006±0.0001b | 67.57±5.42A | 6.09±0.03B | |
| 100∶0 | 30.83±0.47A | 33.37±4.93a | 0.0006±0.0001b | 63.13±3.90A | 5.98±0.07B | |
| P | 0.0020 | 0.2520 | 0.0270 | 0.0080 | <0.0001 | |
大蒜皮∶青贮 Garlic peel∶CSS | 0∶100 | -6.85±0.99c | 8.35±3.19B | 0.4502±0.0573A | 5.69±0.73B | 6.61±0.01a |
| 25∶75 | 20.53±3.00ab | 27.75±4.74B | 0.0005±0.0002B | 48.28±5.74A | 6.02±0.04b | |
| 50∶50 | 26.65±3.23a | 26.17±5.42B | 0.0139±0.0019B | 52.81±4.65A | 6.23±0.32ab | |
| 75∶25 | 5.38±1.78bc | 60.78±6.62A | 0.0355±0.0150B | 55.42±3.35A | 6.01±0.11b | |
| 100∶0 | 1.25±0.72c | 13.68±4.90B | 0.0454±0.0285B | 14.93±2.32B | 6.33±0.21ab | |
| P | 0.0210 | 0.0060 | 0.0060 | 0.0080 | 0.0390 | |
茄子皮∶青贮 EP∶CSS | 0∶100 | -6.85±0.99C | 17.33±1.51a | 0.4502±0.0574A | 10.99±3.78C | 6.63±0.04A |
| 25∶75 | 20.66±2.09B | 21.33±2.63a | 0.0159±0.0016B | 36.83±4.48B | 6.08±0.06C | |
| 50∶50 | 34.56±2.60A | 27.63±1.09a | 0.0003±0.0001B | 62.19±2.02A | 5.93±0.07D | |
| 75∶25 | 30.39±1.05A | 20.48±3.56a | 0.0213±0.0021B | 48.18±4.57B | 5.96±0.08CD | |
| 100∶0 | 30.53±0.01A | 30.99±3.98a | 0.0146±0.0018B | 61.52±4.99A | 6.28±0.05B | |
| P | <0.0001 | 0.1650 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 25∶75 | 50∶50 | 75∶25 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣∶青贮 MBP∶CSS | 12 | 115.23±8.55a | 75.95±8.69b | 31.73±6.64b | 0.015 |
| 24 | 165.07±9.79A | 67.09±4.32B | 29.20±5.53B | 0.008 | |
| 48 | 145.02±10.20A | 66.42±6.19B | 21.01±4.51B | 0.003 | |
| 72 | 178.67±6.09A | 68.15±5.40B | 26.62±5.28B | 0.006 | |
大蒜皮∶青贮 Garlic peel∶CSS | 12 | 76.54±7.94b | 92.14±7.92ab | 119.48±5.04a | 0.024 |
| 24 | 65.26±4.77B | 76.27±6.70B | 135.09±10.79A | 0.003 | |
| 48 | 77.04±3.48B | 65.28±1.96B | 141.11±1.57A | 0.002 | |
| 72 | 88.89±5.02B | 67.33±1.08B | 148.89±11.36A | 0.007 | |
茄子皮∶青贮 EP∶CSS | 12 | 64.67±6.15b | 93.31±9.65a | 45.97±4.29b | 0.033 |
| 24 | 70.69±7.07b | 89.60±8.09a | 56.44±8.22b | 0.041 | |
| 48 | 80.63±5.54ab | 94.96±7.04a | 53.78±5.94b | 0.036 | |
| 72 | 73.60±5.83b | 92.73±3.20a | 64.80±6.20b | 0.045 |
表3 尾菜与玉米秸秆青贮料不同配比体外产气后的饲料组合效应
Table 3 Associative effects after in vitro cultivation of vegetable waste and corn straw silage with different ratios (%)
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 25∶75 | 50∶50 | 75∶25 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣∶青贮 MBP∶CSS | 12 | 115.23±8.55a | 75.95±8.69b | 31.73±6.64b | 0.015 |
| 24 | 165.07±9.79A | 67.09±4.32B | 29.20±5.53B | 0.008 | |
| 48 | 145.02±10.20A | 66.42±6.19B | 21.01±4.51B | 0.003 | |
| 72 | 178.67±6.09A | 68.15±5.40B | 26.62±5.28B | 0.006 | |
大蒜皮∶青贮 Garlic peel∶CSS | 12 | 76.54±7.94b | 92.14±7.92ab | 119.48±5.04a | 0.024 |
| 24 | 65.26±4.77B | 76.27±6.70B | 135.09±10.79A | 0.003 | |
| 48 | 77.04±3.48B | 65.28±1.96B | 141.11±1.57A | 0.002 | |
| 72 | 88.89±5.02B | 67.33±1.08B | 148.89±11.36A | 0.007 | |
茄子皮∶青贮 EP∶CSS | 12 | 64.67±6.15b | 93.31±9.65a | 45.97±4.29b | 0.033 |
| 24 | 70.69±7.07b | 89.60±8.09a | 56.44±8.22b | 0.041 | |
| 48 | 80.63±5.54ab | 94.96±7.04a | 53.78±5.94b | 0.036 | |
| 72 | 73.60±5.83b | 92.73±3.20a | 64.80±6.20b | 0.045 |
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 100∶0 | 80∶20 | 70∶30 | 60∶40 | 50∶50 | 0∶100 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣混合粗料∶ 精料MR of MBP∶concentrate | 12 | 5.60±3.39b | 5.75±1.06b | 16.75±1.06a | 12.00±2.12a | 11.00±4.24a | 15.00±0.71a | 0.014 |
| 24 | 6.10±4.10B | 9.25±3.89B | 34.25±2.83A | 20.00±3.54AB | 25.25±5.30AB | 36.25±3.30A | 0.003 | |
| 48 | 23.00±0.00b | 17.50±3.54b | 49.75±3.18a | 26.25±4.60b | 41.75±5.96a | 46.75±4.72a | 0.016 | |
| 72 | 32.25±3.08b | 35.00±3.34b | 52.25±5.03a | 34.50±3.07b | 48.50±2.12a | 51.50±2.02a | 0.041 | |
大蒜皮混合粗料∶ 精料MR of garlic peel∶concentrate | 12 | 4.25±1.60c | 17.75±0.35ab | 17.50±2.12ab | 10.25±0.35bc | 15.75±3.89ab | 18.75±4.60a | 0.023 |
| 24 | 6.00±2.12b | 31.25±1.77a | 33.50±0.71a | 29.75±1.77a | 26.50±7.67a | 41.75±6.01a | 0.041 | |
| 48 | 6.50±1.41b | 31.50±1.41a | 38.50±7.78a | 45.25±3.89a | 29.50±4.14a | 49.00±5.90a | 0.015 | |
| 72 | 8.50±1.41C | 32.25±1.06B | 42.70±3.18AB | 53.00±4.95A | 31.25±4.50B | 50.75±7.42A | 0.005 | |
茄子皮混合粗料∶ 精料MR of EP∶concentrate | 12 | 19.50±0.50a | 16.50±2.12a | 18.50±5.47a | 16.00±4.24a | 14.50±6.36a | 13.83±2.08a | 0.408 |
| 24 | 40.50±1.41a | 30.75±5.20a | 38.50±7.36a | 42.50±2.12a | 27.50±17.68a | 34.50±4.82a | 0.662 | |
| 48 | 44.75±0.35a | 48.75±6.05a | 43.00±8.25a | 50.75±8.25a | 45.75±10.96a | 46.67±7.93a | 0.997 | |
| 72 | 47.25±0.35a | 50.25±6.17a | 43.50±7.33a | 51.50±9.19a | 49.75±9.55a | 47.00±7.49a | 0.998 |
表4 混合粗饲料与精料不同配比下体外培养后各时间点的产气量
Table 4 Gas production at different time points after in vitro cultivation of different ratios of mixed roughage and concentrate (mL)
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 100∶0 | 80∶20 | 70∶30 | 60∶40 | 50∶50 | 0∶100 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣混合粗料∶ 精料MR of MBP∶concentrate | 12 | 5.60±3.39b | 5.75±1.06b | 16.75±1.06a | 12.00±2.12a | 11.00±4.24a | 15.00±0.71a | 0.014 |
| 24 | 6.10±4.10B | 9.25±3.89B | 34.25±2.83A | 20.00±3.54AB | 25.25±5.30AB | 36.25±3.30A | 0.003 | |
| 48 | 23.00±0.00b | 17.50±3.54b | 49.75±3.18a | 26.25±4.60b | 41.75±5.96a | 46.75±4.72a | 0.016 | |
| 72 | 32.25±3.08b | 35.00±3.34b | 52.25±5.03a | 34.50±3.07b | 48.50±2.12a | 51.50±2.02a | 0.041 | |
大蒜皮混合粗料∶ 精料MR of garlic peel∶concentrate | 12 | 4.25±1.60c | 17.75±0.35ab | 17.50±2.12ab | 10.25±0.35bc | 15.75±3.89ab | 18.75±4.60a | 0.023 |
| 24 | 6.00±2.12b | 31.25±1.77a | 33.50±0.71a | 29.75±1.77a | 26.50±7.67a | 41.75±6.01a | 0.041 | |
| 48 | 6.50±1.41b | 31.50±1.41a | 38.50±7.78a | 45.25±3.89a | 29.50±4.14a | 49.00±5.90a | 0.015 | |
| 72 | 8.50±1.41C | 32.25±1.06B | 42.70±3.18AB | 53.00±4.95A | 31.25±4.50B | 50.75±7.42A | 0.005 | |
茄子皮混合粗料∶ 精料MR of EP∶concentrate | 12 | 19.50±0.50a | 16.50±2.12a | 18.50±5.47a | 16.00±4.24a | 14.50±6.36a | 13.83±2.08a | 0.408 |
| 24 | 40.50±1.41a | 30.75±5.20a | 38.50±7.36a | 42.50±2.12a | 27.50±17.68a | 34.50±4.82a | 0.662 | |
| 48 | 44.75±0.35a | 48.75±6.05a | 43.00±8.25a | 50.75±8.25a | 45.75±10.96a | 46.67±7.93a | 0.997 | |
| 72 | 47.25±0.35a | 50.25±6.17a | 43.50±7.33a | 51.50±9.19a | 49.75±9.55a | 47.00±7.49a | 0.998 |
类型 Type | 配比 Ratio | 快速产气部分 Rapid GP (a, mL) | 缓慢产气部分 Slow GP (b, mL) | 缓慢产气常数 Constant of b (c, %·h-1) | 潜在产气部分 Potential GP (a+b, mL) | pH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣混合粗料∶精料 MR of MBP∶concentrate | 100∶0 | 3.20±0.00b | 28.99±7.27a | 0.0755±0.0512a | 18.81±8.58a | 5.99±0.04a |
| 80∶20 | -2.52±0.53b | 32.39±8.73a | 0.0022±0.0018a | 36.98±7.02a | 5.98±0.15a | |
| 70∶30 | 9.60±6.82a | 54.29±9.42a | 0.0049±0.0007a | 58.93±9.94a | 6.06±0.10a | |
| 60∶40 | 2.51±0.13b | 40.81±2.16a | 0.0162±0.0025a | 42.82±8.60a | 6.09±0.03a | |
| 50∶50 | -3.35±0.08b | 57.40±6.71a | 0.0203±0.0157a | 55.40±8.71a | 5.98±0.07a | |
| 0∶100 | -5.05±0.16b | 62.87±3.60a | 0.0447±0.0122a | 57.06±6.35a | 6.02±0.02a | |
| P | 0.031 | 0.650 | 0.217 | 0.464 | 0.544 | |
大蒜皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of garlic peel∶concentrate | 100∶0 | -1.12±0.46a | 7.24±0.19c | 0.0358±0.0134a | 6.12±0.23C | 6.03±0.04a |
| 80∶20 | -3.12±0.95a | 33.24±0.24bc | 0.0723±0.0057a | 33.13±1.20B | 6.08±0.06a | |
| 70∶30 | -1.44±1.05a | 45.81±5.08ab | 0.0508±0.0053a | 44.37±4.04AB | 6.03±0.01a | |
| 60∶40 | -0.06±0.02a | 61.53±7.52a | 0.0506±0.0052a | 57.58±8.44A | 6.03±0.10a | |
| 50∶50 | -1.03±0.54a | 33.28±7.24bc | 0.0539±0.0146a | 32.25±6.69B | 6.02±0.01a | |
| 0∶100 | -6.63±1.05a | 60.54±8.71a | 0.0543±0.0129a | 54.91±8.65AB | 6.03±0.40a | |
| P | 0.123 | 0.013 | 0.085 | 0.007 | 0.284 | |
茄子皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of EP∶concentrate | 100∶0 | -4.87±0.55CD | 52.00±0.06a | 0.0621±0.0022a | 47.14±0.49a | 5.99±0.01a |
| 80∶20 | 3.63±3.12A | 53.56±7.47a | 0.0362±0.0050a | 52.86±5.34a | 5.99±0.01a | |
| 70∶30 | -3.62±2.37BC | 48.29±8.23a | 0.0622±0.0030a | 44.67±6.47a | 6.02±0.01a | |
| 60∶40 | -7.07±2.60D | 60.52±8.86a | 0.0581±0.0133a | 53.45±5.25a | 6.01±0.02a | |
| 50∶50 | -1.81±0.51B | 59.67±1.39a | 0.0284±0.0204a | 57.85±1.90a | 5.99±0.11a | |
| 0∶100 | -6.06±0.89CD | 55.60±7.84a | 0.0485±0.0132a | 49.53±5.97a | 6.10±0.08a | |
| P | 0.009 | 0.991 | 0.084 | 0.979 | 0.331 |
表5 混合粗饲料与精料不同配比体外培养后的产气参数和pH
Table 5 Gas production parameters and pH after in vitro cultivation of different ratios of mixed roughage and concentrate
类型 Type | 配比 Ratio | 快速产气部分 Rapid GP (a, mL) | 缓慢产气部分 Slow GP (b, mL) | 缓慢产气常数 Constant of b (c, %·h-1) | 潜在产气部分 Potential GP (a+b, mL) | pH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣混合粗料∶精料 MR of MBP∶concentrate | 100∶0 | 3.20±0.00b | 28.99±7.27a | 0.0755±0.0512a | 18.81±8.58a | 5.99±0.04a |
| 80∶20 | -2.52±0.53b | 32.39±8.73a | 0.0022±0.0018a | 36.98±7.02a | 5.98±0.15a | |
| 70∶30 | 9.60±6.82a | 54.29±9.42a | 0.0049±0.0007a | 58.93±9.94a | 6.06±0.10a | |
| 60∶40 | 2.51±0.13b | 40.81±2.16a | 0.0162±0.0025a | 42.82±8.60a | 6.09±0.03a | |
| 50∶50 | -3.35±0.08b | 57.40±6.71a | 0.0203±0.0157a | 55.40±8.71a | 5.98±0.07a | |
| 0∶100 | -5.05±0.16b | 62.87±3.60a | 0.0447±0.0122a | 57.06±6.35a | 6.02±0.02a | |
| P | 0.031 | 0.650 | 0.217 | 0.464 | 0.544 | |
大蒜皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of garlic peel∶concentrate | 100∶0 | -1.12±0.46a | 7.24±0.19c | 0.0358±0.0134a | 6.12±0.23C | 6.03±0.04a |
| 80∶20 | -3.12±0.95a | 33.24±0.24bc | 0.0723±0.0057a | 33.13±1.20B | 6.08±0.06a | |
| 70∶30 | -1.44±1.05a | 45.81±5.08ab | 0.0508±0.0053a | 44.37±4.04AB | 6.03±0.01a | |
| 60∶40 | -0.06±0.02a | 61.53±7.52a | 0.0506±0.0052a | 57.58±8.44A | 6.03±0.10a | |
| 50∶50 | -1.03±0.54a | 33.28±7.24bc | 0.0539±0.0146a | 32.25±6.69B | 6.02±0.01a | |
| 0∶100 | -6.63±1.05a | 60.54±8.71a | 0.0543±0.0129a | 54.91±8.65AB | 6.03±0.40a | |
| P | 0.123 | 0.013 | 0.085 | 0.007 | 0.284 | |
茄子皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of EP∶concentrate | 100∶0 | -4.87±0.55CD | 52.00±0.06a | 0.0621±0.0022a | 47.14±0.49a | 5.99±0.01a |
| 80∶20 | 3.63±3.12A | 53.56±7.47a | 0.0362±0.0050a | 52.86±5.34a | 5.99±0.01a | |
| 70∶30 | -3.62±2.37BC | 48.29±8.23a | 0.0622±0.0030a | 44.67±6.47a | 6.02±0.01a | |
| 60∶40 | -7.07±2.60D | 60.52±8.86a | 0.0581±0.0133a | 53.45±5.25a | 6.01±0.02a | |
| 50∶50 | -1.81±0.51B | 59.67±1.39a | 0.0284±0.0204a | 57.85±1.90a | 5.99±0.11a | |
| 0∶100 | -6.06±0.89CD | 55.60±7.84a | 0.0485±0.0132a | 49.53±5.97a | 6.10±0.08a | |
| P | 0.009 | 0.991 | 0.084 | 0.979 | 0.331 |
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 80∶20 | 70∶30 | 60∶40 | 50∶50 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣混合粗料∶精料 MR of MBP∶concentrate | 12 | -4.29±1.65a | 52.19±7.63a | 48.22±5.74a | 38.39±3.43a | 0.061 |
| 24 | -0.54±0.82a | 42.45±2.72a | 28.21±4.66a | 34.67±5.28a | 0.668 | |
| 48 | 17.98±3.84b | 69.97±7.28a | 30.32±2.89b | 27.19±4.08b | 0.029 | |
| 72 | 21.57±7.30b | 76.17±7.13a | 27.94±3.22b | 30.53±4.01b | 0.018 | |
大蒜皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of garlic peel∶concentrate | 12 | 18.47±2.36a | 13.24±3.73a | 35.63±2.22a | 18.82±4.98a | 0.058 |
| 24 | 37.77±4.79a | 33.64±2.82a | 38.38±6.44a | 31.67±2.82a | 0.068 | |
| 48 | 13.31±4.09b | 26.44±5.54b | 56.71±6.75a | 5.00±0.28b | 0.035 | |
| 72 | 14.56±3.77c | 38.01±10.27b | 66.80±7.64a | 10.25±4.16c | 0.022 | |
茄子皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of EP∶concentrate | 12 | 14.34±3.55a | 3.93±1.27a | 7.16±4.61a | 10.25±3.53a | 0.579 |
| 24 | 20.76±4.24a | 11.97±3.35a | 23.55±4.17a | 16.22±4.36a | 0.067 | |
| 48 | 59.46±5.50a | 7.19±4.27b | 25.00±5.20b | 12.58±3.24b | 0.030 | |
| 72 | 69.77±4.83a | 2.30±1.43c | 31.82±3.90b | 26.97±4.45b | 0.021 |
表6 混合粗饲料与精料不同配比体外产气后的饲料组合效应
Table 6 Associative effects after in vitro cultivation of different ratios of mixed roughage and concentrate (%)
| 类型Type | TP (h) | 80∶20 | 70∶30 | 60∶40 | 50∶50 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿豆衣混合粗料∶精料 MR of MBP∶concentrate | 12 | -4.29±1.65a | 52.19±7.63a | 48.22±5.74a | 38.39±3.43a | 0.061 |
| 24 | -0.54±0.82a | 42.45±2.72a | 28.21±4.66a | 34.67±5.28a | 0.668 | |
| 48 | 17.98±3.84b | 69.97±7.28a | 30.32±2.89b | 27.19±4.08b | 0.029 | |
| 72 | 21.57±7.30b | 76.17±7.13a | 27.94±3.22b | 30.53±4.01b | 0.018 | |
大蒜皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of garlic peel∶concentrate | 12 | 18.47±2.36a | 13.24±3.73a | 35.63±2.22a | 18.82±4.98a | 0.058 |
| 24 | 37.77±4.79a | 33.64±2.82a | 38.38±6.44a | 31.67±2.82a | 0.068 | |
| 48 | 13.31±4.09b | 26.44±5.54b | 56.71±6.75a | 5.00±0.28b | 0.035 | |
| 72 | 14.56±3.77c | 38.01±10.27b | 66.80±7.64a | 10.25±4.16c | 0.022 | |
茄子皮混合粗料∶精料 MR of EP∶concentrate | 12 | 14.34±3.55a | 3.93±1.27a | 7.16±4.61a | 10.25±3.53a | 0.579 |
| 24 | 20.76±4.24a | 11.97±3.35a | 23.55±4.17a | 16.22±4.36a | 0.067 | |
| 48 | 59.46±5.50a | 7.19±4.27b | 25.00±5.20b | 12.58±3.24b | 0.030 | |
| 72 | 69.77±4.83a | 2.30±1.43c | 31.82±3.90b | 26.97±4.45b | 0.021 |
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