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草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 31-39.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024489

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

降水变化下荒漠草原优势植物功能性状对生物量分配的调节机制

马蓉1,2(), 李俊瑶1,3, 岳平1, 马旭君1, 白珍4, 庄玲4, 白敬5, 赵学勇1, 王少昆1()   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,乌拉特荒漠草原研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 101408
    3.宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    4.巴彦淖尔市林业和草原事业发展中心,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015015
    5.巴彦淖尔市林业和草原局,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015015
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-12 修回日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 王少昆
  • 作者简介:E-mail: wangsk@lzb.ac.cn
    马蓉(2001-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布人,在读硕士。E-mail: marong23@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技重大专项“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS00130203)

Regulatory mechanisms of biomass allocation governed by functional traits of dominant plants in desert steppe under precipitation changes

Rong MA1,2(), Jun-yao LI1,3, Ping YUE1, Xu-jun MA1, Zhen BAI4, Ling ZHUANG4, Jing BAI5, Xue-yong ZHAO1, Shao-kun WANG1()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Regions,Urat Desert Grassland Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China
    3.School of Forestry and Grassland,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    4.Bayannur Forestry and Grassland Development Center,Bayannur 015015,China
    5.Bayannur Forestry and Grassland Administration,Bayannur 015015,China
  • Received:2024-12-12 Revised:2025-02-17 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-10-09
  • Contact: Shao-kun WANG

摘要:

植物功能性状是决定植物生长和生存的关键特征,其在植物生物量分配中的作用对植物的环境适应性具有重要意义。通过控制试验研究降水变化对乌拉特荒漠草原优势植物沙生针茅和碱韭功能性状及生物量分配的影响,系统测定了不同降水处理下(减少50%降水、自然降水、增加50%降水)沙生针茅和碱韭的根系功能性状(比根长、根组织密度和比根面积)、叶片功能性状(比叶面积、叶干物质含量和叶组织密度)、地上生物量、地下生物量及根冠比。结果显示:1)碱韭的比叶面积随着降水减少显著增大,而沙生针茅的根、叶功能性状对降水变化的响应不显著。2)在减少50%降水时,碱韭地上生物量显著减少,地下生物量未发生显著变化,但根冠比显著高于自然降水;而在增加50%降水时,碱韭的地上地下生物量均无显著变化。在不同降水条件下,沙生针茅地上、地下生物量及根冠比均无显著变化。3)降水变化通过调节土壤电导率间接影响沙生针茅的生物量分配,通过调节比叶面积间接影响碱韭的生物量分配。研究结果为荒漠草原典型植物在降水变化下的生物量分配调节机制提供了理论依据。

关键词: 荒漠草原, 降水变化, 生物量分配, 功能性状, 沙生针茅, 碱韭

Abstract:

Plant functional traits are key characteristics determining plant growth and survival. The pattern of biomass allocation in plants is crucial for their ecological adaptability to varying environmental conditions. This study investigated the effects of precipitation changes on the functional traits and biomass allocation of Stipa caucasica and Allium polyrhizum, two dominant plant species in the Urat Desert steppe, through controlled simulation experiments. Root functional traits (specific root length, root tissue density, and specific root area), leaf functional traits (specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, and leaf tissue density), aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, and root∶shoot ratio were systematically measured under three precipitation treatments (50% decrease in precipitation, natural precipitation, and 50% increase in precipitation). The results showed that: 1) The specific leaf area of A. polyrhizum increased significantly under reduced precipitation, whereas the root and leaf functional traits of S. caucasica showed no significant response to precipitation changes. 2) Under a 50% reduction in precipitation, the aboveground biomass of A. polyrhizum decreased significantly, while its belowground biomass showed no significant change. However, the root∶shoot ratio was significantly higher than that under natural precipitation. In contrast, under a 50% increase in precipitation, both the aboveground and belowground biomass of A. polyrhizum remained unchanged. For S. caucasica, no significant changes in aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, or root∶shoot ratio were observed under the three tested precipitation regimess. 3) Precipitation changes indirectly affected the biomass allocationof S. caucasica by modifying soil electrical conductivity, while they influenced the biomass allocation of A. polyrhizum through the modulation of specific leaf area. The findings provide theoretical insights into the mechanisms of biomass allocation regulation in typical desert steppe plants under reduced, normal or increased precipitation conditions.

Key words: desert steppe, precipitation change, biomass allocation, functional traits, Stipa caucasica, Allium polyrhizum