草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 15-24.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023360
候腾思1(), 沈艳1,2,3,4(), 马红彬1,2,3,4, 方鹏1, 曹颖1
收稿日期:
2023-09-25
修回日期:
2023-11-13
出版日期:
2024-08-20
发布日期:
2024-05-13
通讯作者:
沈艳
作者简介:
E-mail: nxshenyan@163.com基金资助:
Teng-si HOU1(), Yan SHEN1,2,3,4(), Hong-bin MA1,2,3,4, Peng FANG1, Ying CAO1
Received:
2023-09-25
Revised:
2023-11-13
Online:
2024-08-20
Published:
2024-05-13
Contact:
Yan SHEN
摘要:
平茬是荒漠草原人工柠条优化管理的重要手段。探究柠条平茬方式对土壤水分特征及水量平衡的影响,可为研究区柠条的合理平茬提供理论依据和实践指导。以宁夏荒漠草原区人工柠条林为对象,设置未平茬(WP)、隔1带平茬1带(G1P1)、隔3带平茬3带(G3P3)、隔5带平茬5带(G5P5)4种平茬方式,分析不同平茬方式对土壤水分和水分平衡特征的影响,结果表明:1) G3P3处理土壤含水量最高,0~200 cm土壤含水量随土壤深度的增加而升高;2) 与未种植柠条天然草地相比,WP、G1P1、G3P3和G5P5处理均有一定程度的土壤水分亏缺,其中G3P3处理水分亏缺指数最低,减缓了土壤水分消耗;3) 受环境和平茬方式的影响,4种平茬方式植被蒸腾量表现为G3P3<G1P1<G5P5<WP,棵间蒸散量表现为G3P3<G1P1<WP<G5P5,G3P3的蒸散量与降水量的比值最小。基于土壤水分和水量平衡特征方面,G3P3处理更有利于种植柠条林的荒漠草原水分保持和水量平衡。
候腾思, 沈艳, 马红彬, 方鹏, 曹颖. 柠条平茬对荒漠草原土壤水分特征及水量平衡的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(8): 15-24.
Teng-si HOU, Yan SHEN, Hong-bin MA, Peng FANG, Ying CAO. Effects of Caragana intermedia stubble on soil water characteristics and water balance on the desert steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(8): 15-24.
处理 Treatment | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass (g·m-2) | Margalef丰富度指数Margalef richness index | Simpson优势度指数Simpson dominance index | Shannon-Wiener多样性指数Shannon-Wiener diversity index | Pielou均匀度指数Pielou evenness index | 重要值比例Proportion of importance (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
灌木Bush | PH | AH | |||||||
WP | 79.67±3.38a | 89.46±5.90ab | 1.30±0.10ab | 0.25±0.02a | 1.90±0.13ab | 1.08±0.07ab | 10.05 | 87.09 | 2.86 |
G1P1 | 58.67±3.18b | 115.85±2.79a | 1.37±0.11a | 0.17±0.02ab | 2.13±0.09ab | 1.03±0.09ab | 28.20 | 66.21 | 5.59 |
G3P3 | 59.67±2.33b | 58.82±4.35b | 1.09±0.05b | 0.15±0.03b | 2.27±0.09a | 1.18±0.04a | 26.06 | 73.94 | 0.00 |
G5P5 | 76.67±6.06a | 73.58±6.53b | 1.13±0.08ab | 0.25±0.04a | 1.80±0.12b | 0.99±0.04b | 23.78 | 59.09 | 17.13 |
表1 样地植物群落特征
Table 1 Characteristics of plant community in sample plots
处理 Treatment | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass (g·m-2) | Margalef丰富度指数Margalef richness index | Simpson优势度指数Simpson dominance index | Shannon-Wiener多样性指数Shannon-Wiener diversity index | Pielou均匀度指数Pielou evenness index | 重要值比例Proportion of importance (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
灌木Bush | PH | AH | |||||||
WP | 79.67±3.38a | 89.46±5.90ab | 1.30±0.10ab | 0.25±0.02a | 1.90±0.13ab | 1.08±0.07ab | 10.05 | 87.09 | 2.86 |
G1P1 | 58.67±3.18b | 115.85±2.79a | 1.37±0.11a | 0.17±0.02ab | 2.13±0.09ab | 1.03±0.09ab | 28.20 | 66.21 | 5.59 |
G3P3 | 59.67±2.33b | 58.82±4.35b | 1.09±0.05b | 0.15±0.03b | 2.27±0.09a | 1.18±0.04a | 26.06 | 73.94 | 0.00 |
G5P5 | 76.67±6.06a | 73.58±6.53b | 1.13±0.08ab | 0.25±0.04a | 1.80±0.12b | 0.99±0.04b | 23.78 | 59.09 | 17.13 |
图3 荒漠草原生长季土壤水分特征不同小写字母表示相同月份不同处理间在P<0.05水平上差异显著,下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences of different treatments in the same month at P<0.05level, the same below.
Fig.3 Soil water characteristics in the growing season of desert steppe
图4 荒漠草原生长季0~200 cm土壤含水量垂直变化及其变异系数
Fig. 4 Vertical variation and coefficient of variation of 0-200 cm soil water content in desert steppe during the growing season
处理 Treatment | 降水量 Precipitation (P, mm) | 植被蒸腾量 Vegetation transpiration (mm) | 棵间蒸散量 Evapotranspiration among trees (mm) | 蒸散量 Evapotranspiration (ET, mm) | 储水变化量 Change in water storage (mm) | 蒸散量/降水量 ET/P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WP | 336.80 | 225.06 | 64.21 | 380.20 | -43.40 | 1.13 |
G1P1 | 336.80 | 185.86 | 58.11 | 334.90 | 1.90 | 0.99 |
G3P3 | 336.80 | 182.72 | 52.97 | 326.63 | 10.17 | 0.97 |
G5P5 | 336.80 | 204.66 | 66.33 | 361.92 | -25.12 | 1.07 |
表2 不同平茬方式下荒漠草原水量平衡
Table 2 Water balance in desert steppe under different stubble methods
处理 Treatment | 降水量 Precipitation (P, mm) | 植被蒸腾量 Vegetation transpiration (mm) | 棵间蒸散量 Evapotranspiration among trees (mm) | 蒸散量 Evapotranspiration (ET, mm) | 储水变化量 Change in water storage (mm) | 蒸散量/降水量 ET/P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WP | 336.80 | 225.06 | 64.21 | 380.20 | -43.40 | 1.13 |
G1P1 | 336.80 | 185.86 | 58.11 | 334.90 | 1.90 | 0.99 |
G3P3 | 336.80 | 182.72 | 52.97 | 326.63 | 10.17 | 0.97 |
G5P5 | 336.80 | 204.66 | 66.33 | 361.92 | -25.12 | 1.07 |
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