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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 140-154.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023416

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

不同时限氮沉降和降水变化对荒漠草原中小型土壤节肢动物群落结构与多样性的影响

贺世龙1,2(), 叶贺1,2, 李静1,2, 张雅玲1,2, 德海山1,2, 红梅1,2()   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    2.农业生态安全与绿色发展自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-01 修回日期:2023-12-06 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 红梅
  • 作者简介:E-mail: nmczhm1970@126.com
    贺世龙(2000-),男,蒙古族,辽宁阜新人,在读博士。E-mail: 1358094514@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31860136)

Effects of nitrogen deposition and precipitation changes in different time spans on community structure and diversity of soil meso- and micro-fauna in Stipa breviflora desert steppe

Shi-long HE1,2(), He YE1,2, Jing LI1,2, Ya-ling ZHANG1,2, Hai-shan DE1,2, Mei HONG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources,Hohhot 010018,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010018,China
  • Received:2023-11-01 Revised:2023-12-06 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-06-20
  • Contact: Mei HONG

摘要:

全球背景下的氮沉降和降水变化对荒漠草原生态系统产生巨大影响。为探究不同时限氮沉降和降水变化对荒漠草原中小型土壤节肢动物群落结构与多样性的影响,于2015年在内蒙古四子王旗短花针茅荒漠草原设置主区为减雨(R)、自然降水(CK)、增雨(W)3个水分梯度,副区为N0、N30、N50、N100 4个氮素梯度的模拟试验,对比分析2016、2020年土壤节肢动物变化。结果表明:2016年在样地内共捕获并分离中小型土壤节肢动物553只,隶属节肢动物门的10目46科;2020年在样地内共捕获并分离中小型土壤节肢动物1211只,隶属节肢动物门的13目41科,其中24科与2016年不同;R处理下2016年N30处理下捕获数量最多,2020年N50处理中捕获数量最多;2016年中小型土壤节肢动物个体数量0~10 cm与10~20 cm土层比值为3.98,2020年比值为1.83,相比2016年下降了54%;WN50、WN100处理下2020年多样性指数、丰富度指数明显高于2016年,CKN50、CKN100处理下2020年优势度指数低于2016年,PCoA分析结果显示水分处理对荒漠草原中小型土壤节肢动物群落分布影响更为显著(P<0.05);冗余分析结果表明5年的水氮变化后土壤pH值与土壤节肢动物多样性及数量指标相关性增强。综上所述,在全球变化的大背景下,精确调控土壤pH值可以进一步影响土壤节肢动物在土壤生态系统中的功能。

关键词: 中小型土壤节肢动物, 多样性, 氮沉降, 降水变化, 荒漠草原

Abstract:

Nitrogen deposition and precipitation changes have great impacts on desert steppe ecosystems. In order to investigate the different effects of nitrogen deposition and precipitation changes in different time frames on the structure and diversity of soil meso- and micro- fauna communities under desert steppe, simulation experiments were set up in 2015 in the Stipa breviflora desert steppe of Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia, with three moisture gradients of reduced rainfall (R), natural precipitation (CK), and increased rainfall (W) as main plots, and N0, N30, N50, and N100 nitrogen levels as subplots in a split-plot experiment. Soil fauna changes were analysed by comparing data for 2016 and 2020. It was found that 553 soil meso- and micro- fauna, belonging to 10 orders and 46 families of Arthropoda, were captured and isolated in the sample plots in 2016; 1211 soil meso- and micro- fauna, belonging to 13 orders and 41 families of Arthropoda, were captured and isolated in the sample plots in 2020, of which 24 families were different from those in 2016. Under the R treatment the highest number of captures were made under the N30 treatment in 2016, and the highest number of captures were made under the N50 in 2020. The ratio of individual density of soil meso- and micro-fauna in the 0-10 cm soil layer to that in the 10-20 cm soil layer was 3.98 in 2016, and was 1.83 in 2020-a decrease of 54% compared with 2016. The diversity index and richness index in 2020 under the WN50 and WN100 treatments were higher than those in 2016, and the dominance index in 2020 under CKN50 and CKN100 treatments was lower than in 2016. The results of principal coordinates analyses showed that moisture treatments had a more significant effect on the distribution of soil meso- and micro-fauna in the desert steppe (P<0.05); and the results of redundancy analyses showed that the correlation between soil pH and soil fauna diversity and quantity indicators was enhanced after 5 years of changed water and nitrogen availability. In summary, under the background of global change, precise regulation of soil pH can further influence the ecological functions of soil fauna in soil ecosystems.

Key words: soil meso- and micro-fauna, diversity, nitrogen deposition, precipitation variation, desert steppe