草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 73-82.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025244
喻嘉玲(
), 连鹤娜, 杨婉宁, 周子童, 陈振江(
), 李春杰
收稿日期:2025-06-23
修回日期:2025-08-08
出版日期:2026-06-20
发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者:
陈振江
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: chenzhenjiang@lzu.edu.cn基金资助:
Jia-ling YU(
), He-na LIAN, Wan-ning YANG, Zi-tong ZHOU, Zhen-jiang CHEN(
), Chun-jie LI
Received:2025-06-23
Revised:2025-08-08
Online:2026-06-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Zhen-jiang CHEN
摘要:
为获得适宜机场草坪建植和驱鸟潜力的醉马草优良种质,本研究选取从内蒙古、青海、新疆和甘肃不同地点同一生长季收集的22份种质资源,在榆中试验站进行栽培驯化及形态指标观测和生物碱含量检测。结果表明:不同醉马草种质资源在株高、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、冠幅以及麦角新碱含量方面均表现出显著差异,其中,株高低于80 cm的种质有ZMC9、ZMC10、ZMC12和ZMC16;单株分蘖数大于130个的种质有ZMC1、ZMC17、ZMC18和ZMC19;单株有效分蘖数大于35个的种质有ZMC5、ZMC14、ZMC15、ZMC17和ZMC18;冠幅大于85 cm的种质有ZMC13、ZMC14和ZMC15;分蘖期生物碱含量超过240 mg·kg-1的种质有ZMC4、ZMC16、ZMC17和ZMC20;成熟期仍维持在130 mg·kg-1以上的种质有ZMC4、ZMC9和ZMC20。进一步通过灰色关联度和加权关联度排序分析,初步筛选出植株低矮、分蘖多、冠幅大且麦角新碱含量高,适宜机场草坪建植和具有驱鸟潜力的ZMC4、ZMC9、ZMC17和ZMC20这4份种质资源。为机场坪用驱鸟型醉马草新品种的选育奠定物质基础。
喻嘉玲, 连鹤娜, 杨婉宁, 周子童, 陈振江, 李春杰. 坪用驱鸟型醉马草种质资源评价与筛选[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 73-82.
Jia-ling YU, He-na LIAN, Wan-ning YANG, Zi-tong ZHOU, Zhen-jiang CHEN, Chun-jie LI. Evaluation and screening of Achnatherum inebrians germplasm lines for use as bird-repellent turfgrass[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(6): 73-82.
采集地 Collection site | 编号 Code | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 经度 Longitude | 纬度 Latitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 内蒙古Inner Mongolia | ZMC1 | 1660 | 105°47′ | 38°56′ |
| ZMC2 | 1673 | 105°43′ | 38°51′ | |
| 青海Qinghai | ZMC3 | 2299 | 101°21′ | 35°59′ |
| ZMC4 | 2874 | 100°36′ | 36°18′ | |
| ZMC5 | 3060 | 100°20′ | 38°09′ | |
| ZMC6 | 3289 | 101°03′ | 35°29′ | |
| ZMC7 | 3547 | 99°52′ | 35°47′ | |
| 新疆Xinjiang | ZMC8 | 796 | 87°01′ | 43°54′ |
| ZMC9 | 1390 | 87°04′ | 43°32′ | |
| ZMC10 | 1437 | 90°37′ | 43°41′ | |
| ZMC11 | 1459 | 91°13′ | 43°48′ | |
| ZMC12 | 1600 | 87°20′ | 43°30′ | |
| ZMC13 | 1635 | 89°37′ | 43°37′ | |
| 甘肃Gansu | ZMC14 | 1849 | 104°02′ | 35°56′ |
| ZMC15 | 2090 | 110°48′ | 38°16′ | |
| ZMC16 | 2170 | 101°22′ | 38°32′ | |
| ZMC17 | 2540 | 101°31′ | 38°76′ | |
| ZMC18 | 2632 | 99°30′ | 38°59′ | |
| ZMC19 | 2658 | 99°34′ | 38°51′ | |
| ZMC20 | 2860 | 101°35′ | 38°01′ | |
| ZMC21 | 2948 | 102°33′ | 35°19′ | |
| ZMC22 | 3146 | 99°92′ | 38°42′ |
表1 22份醉马草种质来源
Table 1 The 22 germplasm accessions of A. inebrians
采集地 Collection site | 编号 Code | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 经度 Longitude | 纬度 Latitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 内蒙古Inner Mongolia | ZMC1 | 1660 | 105°47′ | 38°56′ |
| ZMC2 | 1673 | 105°43′ | 38°51′ | |
| 青海Qinghai | ZMC3 | 2299 | 101°21′ | 35°59′ |
| ZMC4 | 2874 | 100°36′ | 36°18′ | |
| ZMC5 | 3060 | 100°20′ | 38°09′ | |
| ZMC6 | 3289 | 101°03′ | 35°29′ | |
| ZMC7 | 3547 | 99°52′ | 35°47′ | |
| 新疆Xinjiang | ZMC8 | 796 | 87°01′ | 43°54′ |
| ZMC9 | 1390 | 87°04′ | 43°32′ | |
| ZMC10 | 1437 | 90°37′ | 43°41′ | |
| ZMC11 | 1459 | 91°13′ | 43°48′ | |
| ZMC12 | 1600 | 87°20′ | 43°30′ | |
| ZMC13 | 1635 | 89°37′ | 43°37′ | |
| 甘肃Gansu | ZMC14 | 1849 | 104°02′ | 35°56′ |
| ZMC15 | 2090 | 110°48′ | 38°16′ | |
| ZMC16 | 2170 | 101°22′ | 38°32′ | |
| ZMC17 | 2540 | 101°31′ | 38°76′ | |
| ZMC18 | 2632 | 99°30′ | 38°59′ | |
| ZMC19 | 2658 | 99°34′ | 38°51′ | |
| ZMC20 | 2860 | 101°35′ | 38°01′ | |
| ZMC21 | 2948 | 102°33′ | 35°19′ | |
| ZMC22 | 3146 | 99°92′ | 38°42′ |
图1 采样点分布基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS (2024) 0650号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2024) 0650 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.1 Distribution of sampling points
图2 不同醉马草种质株高的差异不同小写字母表示不同醉马草种质间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different A.inebrians germplasm (P<0.05), the same below.
Fig.2 The differences in plant height among different germplasm of A. inebrians
不同醉马草种质Different germplasm of A. inebrians | 等权关联度 Unweighted relational grade | 加权关联度 Weighted relational grade | 不同醉马草种质Different germplasm of A. inebrians | 等权关联度 Unweighted relational grade | 加权关联度 Weighted relational grade | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | 关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | 关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | 关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | ||
| ZMC4 | 0.7299 | 1 | 0.7999 | 1 | ZMC19 | 0.5611 | 16 | 0.5363 | 12 |
| ZMC20 | 0.7198 | 2 | 0.7237 | 2 | ZMC2 | 0.5644 | 12 | 0.5284 | 13 |
| ZMC17 | 0.6776 | 4 | 0.7081 | 3 | ZMC6 | 0.5515 | 18 | 0.5264 | 14 |
| ZMC9 | 0.7037 | 3 | 0.6947 | 4 | ZMC7 | 0.5526 | 17 | 0.5208 | 15 |
| ZMC16 | 0.6333 | 6 | 0.6289 | 5 | ZMC10 | 0.5619 | 15 | 0.4924 | 16 |
| ZMC14 | 0.6544 | 5 | 0.5992 | 6 | ZMC12 | 0.5633 | 14 | 0.4993 | 17 |
| ZMC21 | 0.6020 | 9 | 0.5961 | 7 | ZMC15 | 0.5995 | 10 | 0.4901 | 18 |
| ZMC18 | 0.6293 | 7 | 0.5893 | 8 | ZMC11 | 0.5219 | 21 | 0.4768 | 19 |
| ZMC5 | 0.6070 | 8 | 0.5852 | 9 | ZMC8 | 0.5384 | 20 | 0.4701 | 20 |
| ZMC22 | 0.5759 | 11 | 0.5479 | 10 | ZMC13 | 0.5414 | 19 | 0.4488 | 21 |
| ZMC1 | 0.5638 | 13 | 0.5406 | 11 | ZMC3 | 0.5154 | 22 | 0.4441 | 22 |
表2 不同醉马草种质关联度排序
Table 2 Relational grade ranking of various A. inebrians germplasm
不同醉马草种质Different germplasm of A. inebrians | 等权关联度 Unweighted relational grade | 加权关联度 Weighted relational grade | 不同醉马草种质Different germplasm of A. inebrians | 等权关联度 Unweighted relational grade | 加权关联度 Weighted relational grade | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | 关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | 关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | 关联度值 Relational grade value | 排序 Ranking | ||
| ZMC4 | 0.7299 | 1 | 0.7999 | 1 | ZMC19 | 0.5611 | 16 | 0.5363 | 12 |
| ZMC20 | 0.7198 | 2 | 0.7237 | 2 | ZMC2 | 0.5644 | 12 | 0.5284 | 13 |
| ZMC17 | 0.6776 | 4 | 0.7081 | 3 | ZMC6 | 0.5515 | 18 | 0.5264 | 14 |
| ZMC9 | 0.7037 | 3 | 0.6947 | 4 | ZMC7 | 0.5526 | 17 | 0.5208 | 15 |
| ZMC16 | 0.6333 | 6 | 0.6289 | 5 | ZMC10 | 0.5619 | 15 | 0.4924 | 16 |
| ZMC14 | 0.6544 | 5 | 0.5992 | 6 | ZMC12 | 0.5633 | 14 | 0.4993 | 17 |
| ZMC21 | 0.6020 | 9 | 0.5961 | 7 | ZMC15 | 0.5995 | 10 | 0.4901 | 18 |
| ZMC18 | 0.6293 | 7 | 0.5893 | 8 | ZMC11 | 0.5219 | 21 | 0.4768 | 19 |
| ZMC5 | 0.6070 | 8 | 0.5852 | 9 | ZMC8 | 0.5384 | 20 | 0.4701 | 20 |
| ZMC22 | 0.5759 | 11 | 0.5479 | 10 | ZMC13 | 0.5414 | 19 | 0.4488 | 21 |
| ZMC1 | 0.5638 | 13 | 0.5406 | 11 | ZMC3 | 0.5154 | 22 | 0.4441 | 22 |
醉马草指标 A. inebrians indicators | 分蘖数 Tiller number | 有效分蘖数 Effective tiller number | 株高 Plant height | 冠幅 Crown width | 分蘖期麦角新碱含量 Ergonovine content at tillering stage | 成熟期麦角新碱含量 Ergonovine content at maturity stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 权重系数Weight coefficient | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.20 |
表3 醉马草各指标的权重系数
Table 3 Weight coefficients of different indices for A. inebrians
醉马草指标 A. inebrians indicators | 分蘖数 Tiller number | 有效分蘖数 Effective tiller number | 株高 Plant height | 冠幅 Crown width | 分蘖期麦角新碱含量 Ergonovine content at tillering stage | 成熟期麦角新碱含量 Ergonovine content at maturity stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 权重系数Weight coefficient | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.20 |
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