草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 138-148.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023072
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
张睿1(), 韩重阳2, 蔡家邦1, 汪阳1, 黄琳凯1, 张新全1, 聂刚1()
收稿日期:
2023-03-06
修回日期:
2023-04-06
出版日期:
2024-01-20
发布日期:
2023-11-23
通讯作者:
聂刚
作者简介:
E-mail: nieg17@sicau.edu.cn基金资助:
Rui ZHANG1(), Chong-yang HAN2, Jia-bang CAI1, Yang WANG1, Lin-kai HUANG1, Xin-quan ZHANG1, Gang NIE1()
Received:
2023-03-06
Revised:
2023-04-06
Online:
2024-01-20
Published:
2023-11-23
Contact:
Gang NIE
摘要:
为筛选适宜成都平原推广利用的优异牧草品种,对6个苇状羊茅(型)品种进行了生育期、主要农艺性状、鲜(干)草产量及牧草营养成分等指标的测定,并运用灰色关联度分析进行综合评价。结果表明,‘特沃’和‘科瑞’的生育期最长,均达275 d。各参试品种平均再生速度依次为‘马胡丽娜’>‘科瑞’>‘都脉’>‘特沃’>‘K31’>‘福泰’。品种‘马胡丽娜’年平均干草产量最高,可达12790.99 kg·hm-2,分别较国审品种‘特沃’和‘都脉’显著增加14.62%和4.28%(P<0.05),表现出明显的产量优势。‘科瑞’干草产量较‘特沃’显著增加6.59%(P<0.05),且植株自然高度可达100.15 cm,高于‘特沃’和‘都脉’(P<0.05)。‘都脉’的分蘖数最大,为47.33个·株-1,显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),其次是‘科瑞’和‘马胡丽娜’,分别达37.50和37.00个·株-1,较品种‘特沃’多6.25和5.75个·株-1。‘K31’茎叶比为0.96,高于其他参试品种。对6个参试品种的营养成分测定表明,‘特沃’的粗蛋白含量最高,可达18.60%,‘科瑞’的粗脂肪含量最高,可达5.41%。通过灰色关联度法综合比较分析,‘科瑞’表现最优,‘特沃’和‘马胡丽娜’综合性状表现较优,适宜在成都平原地区推广种植利用。
张睿, 韩重阳, 蔡家邦, 汪阳, 黄琳凯, 张新全, 聂刚. 6个苇状羊茅(型)品种在成都平原区的生产性能评价[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(1): 138-148.
Rui ZHANG, Chong-yang HAN, Jia-bang CAI, Yang WANG, Lin-kai HUANG, Xin-quan ZHANG, Gang NIE. Evaluation of production performance of six Festuca arundinacea varieties in the Chengdu Plain[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(1): 138-148.
编号No. | 品种Varieties | 来源地Origins | 种子来源Seed source |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 都脉Duramax | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
2 | 特沃Tower | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
3 | 马胡丽娜Mahulena | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
4 | 福泰Fojtan | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
5 | 科瑞Kora | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
6 | K31 Kentucky31 | 美国America | 北京百斯特草业有限公司Beijing Best Grass Industry Co., Ltd. |
表1 参试品种信息
Table 1 Information of tested varieties
编号No. | 品种Varieties | 来源地Origins | 种子来源Seed source |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 都脉Duramax | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
2 | 特沃Tower | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
3 | 马胡丽娜Mahulena | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
4 | 福泰Fojtan | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
5 | 科瑞Kora | 丹麦Denmark | 丹农种子公司DLF Seeds A/S |
6 | K31 Kentucky31 | 美国America | 北京百斯特草业有限公司Beijing Best Grass Industry Co., Ltd. |
品种 Varieties | 播种期 Sowing stage | 出苗期 Seedling stage | 分蘖期 Tillering stage | 拔节期 Jointing stage | 孕穗期 Booting stage | 抽穗期 Heading stage | 开花期 Flowering stage | 成熟期 Mature period | 生育期 Growth period (d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 09-25 | 10-01 | 11-15 | 03-16 | 04-22 | 04-29 | 05-05 | 06-25 | 275 |
特沃Tower | 09-25 | 10-02 | 11-20 | 03-18 | 04-18 | 04-22 | 04-30 | 06-25 | 275 |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 09-25 | 10-02 | 11-12 | 03-11 | 04-10 | 04-16 | 04-24 | 06-10 | 260 |
K31 Kentucky31 | 09-25 | 10-01 | 11-09 | 03-13 | 04-13 | 04-19 | 04-27 | 06-13 | 263 |
都脉Duramax | 09-25 | 09-30 | 11-05 | 03-11 | 04-10 | 04-16 | 04-22 | 06-02 | 252 |
福泰Fojtan | 09-25 | 10-02 | 11-22 | 03-18 | 04-18 | 04-24 | 04-30 | 06-20 | 270 |
表2 参试苇状羊茅(型)品种生育期观测
Table 2 The different development stages of tested F. arundinacea varieties (Month-day)
品种 Varieties | 播种期 Sowing stage | 出苗期 Seedling stage | 分蘖期 Tillering stage | 拔节期 Jointing stage | 孕穗期 Booting stage | 抽穗期 Heading stage | 开花期 Flowering stage | 成熟期 Mature period | 生育期 Growth period (d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 09-25 | 10-01 | 11-15 | 03-16 | 04-22 | 04-29 | 05-05 | 06-25 | 275 |
特沃Tower | 09-25 | 10-02 | 11-20 | 03-18 | 04-18 | 04-22 | 04-30 | 06-25 | 275 |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 09-25 | 10-02 | 11-12 | 03-11 | 04-10 | 04-16 | 04-24 | 06-10 | 260 |
K31 Kentucky31 | 09-25 | 10-01 | 11-09 | 03-13 | 04-13 | 04-19 | 04-27 | 06-13 | 263 |
都脉Duramax | 09-25 | 09-30 | 11-05 | 03-11 | 04-10 | 04-16 | 04-22 | 06-02 | 252 |
福泰Fojtan | 09-25 | 10-02 | 11-22 | 03-18 | 04-18 | 04-24 | 04-30 | 06-20 | 270 |
图2 参试苇状羊茅(型)品种刈割后平均再生速度不同小写字母表示不同品种间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different varieties (P<0.05).
Fig.2 Average regeneration rate of F. arundinacea varieties after cutting
产量 Yield | 品种 Varieties | 年总产量Total annual yield | 年均产量 Average annual yield | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |||
鲜草产量 Fresh yield (FY) | 科瑞Kora | 38287.59±219.98a | 45735.00±476.15a | 44443.33±1611.72b | 42821.98±629.76a |
特沃Tower | 39467.75±315.53a | 39183.33±88.72c | 44641.67±889.48b | 41097.58±216.22b | |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 36305.91±432.40b | 45936.67±746.73a | 47919.99±678.97ab | 43387.53±169.69a | |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 34592.67±602.11c | 39157.78±62.70c | 48173.33±1235.05ab | 40641.26±499.79b | |
都脉Duramax | 36423.21±380.53b | 44057.78±477.44b | 50924.44±2068.34a | 43801.81±785.83a | |
福泰Fojtan | 33908.92±746.11c | 39008.33±395.82c | 40416.67±927.48c | 37777.97±331.03c | |
干草产量 Hay yield (HY) | 科瑞Kora | 11069.20±134.37a | 12858.74±199.65b | 11755.41±380.37bc | 11894.45±108.76bc |
特沃Tower | 10154.46±164.36bc | 11298.76±91.95c | 12024.21±340.93bc | 11159.14±120.03d | |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 9842.20±42.97bc | 14581.55±291.79a | 13949.23±273.16a | 12790.99±122.82a | |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 10229.02±217.61b | 11418.37±288.65c | 12928.42±448.37ab | 11525.27±190.85cd | |
都脉Duramax | 9740.30±19.09c | 13160.16±381.07b | 13897.12±660.12a | 12265.86±181.20b | |
福泰Fojtan | 9800.30±98.40c | 11324.97±237.60c | 10927.90±333.65c | 10684.39±103.72e |
表3 参试苇状羊茅(型)品种鲜(干)草产量
Table 3 Yield of fresh (dry) grass of F. arundinacea varieties (kg·hm-2)
产量 Yield | 品种 Varieties | 年总产量Total annual yield | 年均产量 Average annual yield | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |||
鲜草产量 Fresh yield (FY) | 科瑞Kora | 38287.59±219.98a | 45735.00±476.15a | 44443.33±1611.72b | 42821.98±629.76a |
特沃Tower | 39467.75±315.53a | 39183.33±88.72c | 44641.67±889.48b | 41097.58±216.22b | |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 36305.91±432.40b | 45936.67±746.73a | 47919.99±678.97ab | 43387.53±169.69a | |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 34592.67±602.11c | 39157.78±62.70c | 48173.33±1235.05ab | 40641.26±499.79b | |
都脉Duramax | 36423.21±380.53b | 44057.78±477.44b | 50924.44±2068.34a | 43801.81±785.83a | |
福泰Fojtan | 33908.92±746.11c | 39008.33±395.82c | 40416.67±927.48c | 37777.97±331.03c | |
干草产量 Hay yield (HY) | 科瑞Kora | 11069.20±134.37a | 12858.74±199.65b | 11755.41±380.37bc | 11894.45±108.76bc |
特沃Tower | 10154.46±164.36bc | 11298.76±91.95c | 12024.21±340.93bc | 11159.14±120.03d | |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 9842.20±42.97bc | 14581.55±291.79a | 13949.23±273.16a | 12790.99±122.82a | |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 10229.02±217.61b | 11418.37±288.65c | 12928.42±448.37ab | 11525.27±190.85cd | |
都脉Duramax | 9740.30±19.09c | 13160.16±381.07b | 13897.12±660.12a | 12265.86±181.20b | |
福泰Fojtan | 9800.30±98.40c | 11324.97±237.60c | 10927.90±333.65c | 10684.39±103.72e |
品种 Varieties | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 旗叶长 Flag leaf length (cm) | 旗叶宽 Flag leaf width (cm) | 倒二叶长 Second upper leaf length (cm) | 倒二叶宽 Second upper leaf width (cm) | 花序长 Inflorescence length (cm) | 小穗数 Spike number (No.·inflorescence-1) | 茎叶比 Stem/ leaf | 分蘖数 Tiller number (No.·plant-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 100.15±3.00a | 3.65±0.07a | 12.02±0.21a | 0.66±0.01a | 21.73±2.05a | 0.83±0.04a | 28.82±1.33ab | 34.95± 0.57a | 0.65±0.06bc | 37.50±3.18b |
特沃Tower | 86.00±2.35b | 3.48±0.07a | 12.15±0.76a | 0.59±0.02ab | 18.71±2.89ab | 0.70±0.04ab | 29.27±1.64ab | 32.75± 2.00ab | 0.46±0.03c | 31.25±0.75bc |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 84.63±4.29b | 3.65±0.21a | 11.89±0.74a | 0.60±0.05ab | 19.06±1.50ab | 0.79±0.02ab | 23.33±1.41b | 29.40± 1.63abc | 0.73±0.10ab | 37.00±2.68b |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 80.01±1.73bc | 3.50±0.16a | 7.69±0.37b | 0.58±0.03ab | 14.73±1.35b | 0.80±0.05a | 26.51±1.11ab | 28.47± 1.85bc | 0.96±0.03a | 35.00±1.73b |
都脉Duramax | 74.50±5.06bc | 3.26±0.10a | 9.06±0.35b | 0.55±0.04b | 14.61±1.97b | 0.66±0.03b | 39.10±13.75a | 26.80± 2.46c | 0.85±0.14ab | 47.33±1.45a |
福泰Fojtan | 69.05±4.89c | 3.46±0.17a | 9.02±0.24b | 0.56±0.01b | 15.03±1.38b | 0.77±0.06ab | 25.90±1.54ab | 26.85± 1.90c | 0.62±0.06bc | 27.25±2.39c |
表4 参试苇状羊茅(型)品种的主要农艺性状
Table 4 Main agronomic characters of F. arundinacea varieties
品种 Varieties | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 旗叶长 Flag leaf length (cm) | 旗叶宽 Flag leaf width (cm) | 倒二叶长 Second upper leaf length (cm) | 倒二叶宽 Second upper leaf width (cm) | 花序长 Inflorescence length (cm) | 小穗数 Spike number (No.·inflorescence-1) | 茎叶比 Stem/ leaf | 分蘖数 Tiller number (No.·plant-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 100.15±3.00a | 3.65±0.07a | 12.02±0.21a | 0.66±0.01a | 21.73±2.05a | 0.83±0.04a | 28.82±1.33ab | 34.95± 0.57a | 0.65±0.06bc | 37.50±3.18b |
特沃Tower | 86.00±2.35b | 3.48±0.07a | 12.15±0.76a | 0.59±0.02ab | 18.71±2.89ab | 0.70±0.04ab | 29.27±1.64ab | 32.75± 2.00ab | 0.46±0.03c | 31.25±0.75bc |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 84.63±4.29b | 3.65±0.21a | 11.89±0.74a | 0.60±0.05ab | 19.06±1.50ab | 0.79±0.02ab | 23.33±1.41b | 29.40± 1.63abc | 0.73±0.10ab | 37.00±2.68b |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 80.01±1.73bc | 3.50±0.16a | 7.69±0.37b | 0.58±0.03ab | 14.73±1.35b | 0.80±0.05a | 26.51±1.11ab | 28.47± 1.85bc | 0.96±0.03a | 35.00±1.73b |
都脉Duramax | 74.50±5.06bc | 3.26±0.10a | 9.06±0.35b | 0.55±0.04b | 14.61±1.97b | 0.66±0.03b | 39.10±13.75a | 26.80± 2.46c | 0.85±0.14ab | 47.33±1.45a |
福泰Fojtan | 69.05±4.89c | 3.46±0.17a | 9.02±0.24b | 0.56±0.01b | 15.03±1.38b | 0.77±0.06ab | 25.90±1.54ab | 26.85± 1.90c | 0.62±0.06bc | 27.25±2.39c |
品种 Varieties | 粗蛋白 Crude protein | 粗脂肪 Ether extract | 粗纤维 Crude fiber | 粗灰分 Crude ash | 钙 Ca | 磷 P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 17.20±0.115b | 5.41±0.120a | 26.33±0.088e | 7.27±0.088d | 0.47±0.009c | 0.23±0.012c |
特沃Tower | 18.60±0.058a | 3.95±0.063c | 26.50±0.058e | 6.30±0.058e | 0.65±0.009a | 0.35±0.007b |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 17.27±0.120b | 4.54±0.070b | 27.47±0.088c | 8.20±0.057b | 0.41±0.003e | 0.41±0.006a |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 16.80±0.115c | 5.17±0.092a | 30.13±0.203a | 8.27±0.033b | 0.60±0.006b | 0.41±0.009a |
都脉Duramax | 16.80±0.115c | 3.51±0.215d | 27.07±0.088d | 8.53±0.088a | 0.42±0.003de | 0.24±0.012c |
福泰Fojtan | 16.27±0.120d | 4.69±0.027b | 28.20±0.058b | 7.90±0.058c | 0.44±0.006d | 0.42±0.007a |
表5 参试材料的营养成分
Table 5 The nutrient contents of the tested materials (%)
品种 Varieties | 粗蛋白 Crude protein | 粗脂肪 Ether extract | 粗纤维 Crude fiber | 粗灰分 Crude ash | 钙 Ca | 磷 P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 17.20±0.115b | 5.41±0.120a | 26.33±0.088e | 7.27±0.088d | 0.47±0.009c | 0.23±0.012c |
特沃Tower | 18.60±0.058a | 3.95±0.063c | 26.50±0.058e | 6.30±0.058e | 0.65±0.009a | 0.35±0.007b |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 17.27±0.120b | 4.54±0.070b | 27.47±0.088c | 8.20±0.057b | 0.41±0.003e | 0.41±0.006a |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 16.80±0.115c | 5.17±0.092a | 30.13±0.203a | 8.27±0.033b | 0.60±0.006b | 0.41±0.009a |
都脉Duramax | 16.80±0.115c | 3.51±0.215d | 27.07±0.088d | 8.53±0.088a | 0.42±0.003de | 0.24±0.012c |
福泰Fojtan | 16.27±0.120d | 4.69±0.027b | 28.20±0.058b | 7.90±0.058c | 0.44±0.006d | 0.42±0.007a |
品种 Varieties | 等权关联度 Grey correlative | 排序 Rank | 加权关联度 Weighted grey correlative | 排序 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 0.8461 | 1 | 0.8773 | 1 |
特沃Tower | 0.8157 | 2 | 0.8173 | 3 |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 0.7888 | 3 | 0.8260 | 2 |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 0.6853 | 5 | 0.7200 | 5 |
都脉Duramax | 0.7193 | 4 | 0.7475 | 4 |
福泰Fojtan | 0.6742 | 6 | 0.6969 | 6 |
表6 参试苇状羊茅品种灰色关联度排序
Table 6 Ranking of grey correlation degree of fescue species tested
品种 Varieties | 等权关联度 Grey correlative | 排序 Rank | 加权关联度 Weighted grey correlative | 排序 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|
科瑞Kora | 0.8461 | 1 | 0.8773 | 1 |
特沃Tower | 0.8157 | 2 | 0.8173 | 3 |
马胡丽娜Mahulena | 0.7888 | 3 | 0.8260 | 2 |
K31 Kentucky 31 | 0.6853 | 5 | 0.7200 | 5 |
都脉Duramax | 0.7193 | 4 | 0.7475 | 4 |
福泰Fojtan | 0.6742 | 6 | 0.6969 | 6 |
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