草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 175-187.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025281
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
苏志刚1(
), 韩有健1, 张建杭2, 武俊喜3, 徐雅梅1, 包赛很那null1, 苗彦军1, 曹仲华4(
)
收稿日期:2025-07-08
修回日期:2025-10-09
出版日期:2026-07-20
发布日期:2026-05-21
通讯作者:
曹仲华
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: caohua73@yahoo.com.cn基金资助:
Zhi-gang SU1(
), You-jian HAN1, Jian-hang ZHANG2, Jun-xi WU3, Ya-mei XU1, Baosaihenna1, Yan-jun MIAO1, Zhong-hua CAO4(
)
Received:2025-07-08
Revised:2025-10-09
Online:2026-07-20
Published:2026-05-21
Contact:
Zhong-hua CAO
摘要:
为探究西藏高寒地区施氮量与播种量对‘巴青’垂穗披碱草种子产量及质量的影响,采用双因素裂区试验设计,主区为氮肥添加量,副区为播种量,氮肥添加量分别为N1 0 kg·hm-2,N2 60 kg·hm-2,N3 120 kg·hm-2,N4 180 kg·hm-2,N5 240 kg·hm-2和N6 300 kg·hm-2,播种量分别为D1 15.0 kg·hm-2,D2 22.5 kg·hm-2和D3 45.0 kg·hm-2,利用灰色关联度对‘巴青’垂穗披碱草的种子产量及质量进行综合评价,明确影响种子产量的关键因素,筛选‘巴青’垂穗披碱草种子生产最优种植配置组合。结果表明,施氮量和播种量对‘巴青’垂穗披碱草种子产量及质量影响显著。与‘巴青’垂穗披碱草产量密切相关的主要因素有生殖枝数、小穗数/生殖枝和千粒重等,对产量贡献因素最大的是千粒重。当播种量为15.0 kg·hm-2时,只需要180 kg·hm-2的施氮量即可达到最大种子产量,为1182.55 kg·hm-2;当播种量为22.5 kg·hm-2时,需要240 kg·hm-2的施氮量可达到最大种子产量,为1283.29 kg·hm-2;当播种量为45.0 kg·hm-2时,需要300 kg·hm-2的施氮量可达到最大种子产量,为1023.34 kg·hm-2。因此,本研究认为当播种量恒定时,‘巴青’垂穗披碱草对氮素的需求存在理论最大值。经灰色关联度分析得出,240 kg·hm-2的施氮量与22.5 kg·hm-2的播种量是‘巴青’垂穗披碱草最优种植配置,可以获得最佳的种子产量及质量,可在西藏高寒地区推广使用。
苏志刚, 韩有健, 张建杭, 武俊喜, 徐雅梅, 包赛很那null, 苗彦军, 曹仲华. 施氮量与播种量对‘巴青’垂穗披碱草种子产量及质量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(7): 175-187.
Zhi-gang SU, You-jian HAN, Jian-hang ZHANG, Jun-xi WU, Ya-mei XU, Baosaihenna, Yan-jun MIAO, Zhong-hua CAO. Effects of nitrogen application and sowing rates on the seed yield and quality of Elymus nutans ‘Baqing’[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(7): 175-187.
图1 施氮量与播种量对‘巴青’垂穗披碱草种子产量构成因素的影响不同大写字母表示同一施氮量下不同播种量之间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示同一播种量下不同施氮量之间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。Different uppercase letters indicate that the difference among different sowing rates under the same nitrogen application rate is significant (P<0.05), and different lowercase letters indicate that the difference among different nitrogen application rates under the same sowing rate is significant (P<0.05). The same below.
Fig.1 Effects of nitrogen application rate and sowing rate on seed yield components of E. nutans ‘Baqing’
处理 Treatment | 关联系数Relational coefficient | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | x11 | x12 | Y | |
| N1D1 | 0.668 | 0.408 | 0.660 | 0.572 | 0.479 | 0.688 | 0.626 | 0.592 | 0.620 | 0.496 | 0.638 | 0.640 | 0.352 |
| N2D1 | 0.742 | 0.456 | 0.757 | 0.684 | 0.591 | 0.737 | 0.736 | 0.733 | 0.786 | 0.636 | 0.706 | 0.731 | 0.443 |
| N3D1 | 0.845 | 0.550 | 0.892 | 0.825 | 0.779 | 0.855 | 0.823 | 0.804 | 0.876 | 0.811 | 0.830 | 0.883 | 0.581 |
| N4D1 | 1.000 | 0.713 | 1.000 | 0.929 | 0.968 | 0.957 | 0.933 | 0.804 | 0.934 | 0.945 | 0.882 | 0.975 | 0.833 |
| N5D1 | 0.935 | 0.696 | 0.990 | 0.897 | 0.923 | 0.927 | 0.840 | 0.755 | 0.835 | 0.752 | 0.877 | 0.849 | 0.809 |
| N6D1 | 0.864 | 0.682 | 0.971 | 0.881 | 0.891 | 0.916 | 0.699 | 0.711 | 0.768 | 0.676 | 0.872 | 0.809 | 0.716 |
| N1D2 | 0.650 | 0.420 | 0.651 | 0.578 | 0.479 | 0.705 | 0.645 | 0.606 | 0.646 | 0.525 | 0.660 | 0.674 | 0.356 |
| N2D2 | 0.709 | 0.466 | 0.733 | 0.712 | 0.596 | 0.743 | 0.792 | 0.804 | 0.781 | 0.609 | 0.739 | 0.695 | 0.442 |
| N3D2 | 0.754 | 0.557 | 0.828 | 0.839 | 0.743 | 0.834 | 0.893 | 0.925 | 0.904 | 0.783 | 0.829 | 0.823 | 0.542 |
| N4D2 | 0.841 | 0.702 | 0.877 | 0.945 | 0.866 | 0.902 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.917 | 0.889 | 0.888 | 0.758 |
| N5D2 | 0.908 | 0.795 | 0.958 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.875 | 0.891 | 0.963 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| N6D2 | 0.851 | 0.781 | 0.955 | 0.963 | 0.960 | 0.903 | 0.723 | 0.779 | 0.735 | 0.663 | 0.880 | 0.828 | 0.817 |
| N1D3 | 0.576 | 0.445 | 0.588 | 0.542 | 0.436 | 0.612 | 0.567 | 0.540 | 0.569 | 0.452 | 0.599 | 0.595 | 0.333 |
| N2D3 | 0.598 | 0.495 | 0.602 | 0.612 | 0.475 | 0.688 | 0.711 | 0.733 | 0.725 | 0.583 | 0.694 | 0.701 | 0.392 |
| N3D3 | 0.674 | 0.578 | 0.678 | 0.722 | 0.569 | 0.741 | 0.749 | 0.804 | 0.807 | 0.743 | 0.823 | 0.866 | 0.470 |
| N4D3 | 0.708 | 0.747 | 0.735 | 0.825 | 0.663 | 0.835 | 0.723 | 0.755 | 0.782 | 0.697 | 0.770 | 0.826 | 0.568 |
| N5D3 | 0.750 | 0.878 | 0.815 | 0.839 | 0.732 | 0.853 | 0.666 | 0.691 | 0.720 | 0.643 | 0.758 | 0.814 | 0.631 |
| N6D3 | 0.768 | 1.000 | 0.845 | 0.897 | 0.799 | 0.863 | 0.655 | 0.655 | 0.676 | 0.574 | 0.753 | 0.738 | 0.659 |
| 关联度Relevance degree | 0.769 | 0.632 | 0.807 | 0.792 | 0.719 | 0.820 | 0.759 | 0.755 | 0.785 | 0.695 | 0.789 | 0.796 | 0.595 |
| 权重Weight | 0.079 | 0.065 | 0.083 | 0.082 | 0.074 | 0.084 | 0.078 | 0.078 | 0.081 | 0.072 | 0.081 | 0.082 | 0.061 |
表1 不同种植配置下‘巴青’垂穗披碱草各指标的关联系数
Table 1 Relational coefficient of each index of E. nutans ‘Baqing’ under different planting configurations
处理 Treatment | 关联系数Relational coefficient | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | x11 | x12 | Y | |
| N1D1 | 0.668 | 0.408 | 0.660 | 0.572 | 0.479 | 0.688 | 0.626 | 0.592 | 0.620 | 0.496 | 0.638 | 0.640 | 0.352 |
| N2D1 | 0.742 | 0.456 | 0.757 | 0.684 | 0.591 | 0.737 | 0.736 | 0.733 | 0.786 | 0.636 | 0.706 | 0.731 | 0.443 |
| N3D1 | 0.845 | 0.550 | 0.892 | 0.825 | 0.779 | 0.855 | 0.823 | 0.804 | 0.876 | 0.811 | 0.830 | 0.883 | 0.581 |
| N4D1 | 1.000 | 0.713 | 1.000 | 0.929 | 0.968 | 0.957 | 0.933 | 0.804 | 0.934 | 0.945 | 0.882 | 0.975 | 0.833 |
| N5D1 | 0.935 | 0.696 | 0.990 | 0.897 | 0.923 | 0.927 | 0.840 | 0.755 | 0.835 | 0.752 | 0.877 | 0.849 | 0.809 |
| N6D1 | 0.864 | 0.682 | 0.971 | 0.881 | 0.891 | 0.916 | 0.699 | 0.711 | 0.768 | 0.676 | 0.872 | 0.809 | 0.716 |
| N1D2 | 0.650 | 0.420 | 0.651 | 0.578 | 0.479 | 0.705 | 0.645 | 0.606 | 0.646 | 0.525 | 0.660 | 0.674 | 0.356 |
| N2D2 | 0.709 | 0.466 | 0.733 | 0.712 | 0.596 | 0.743 | 0.792 | 0.804 | 0.781 | 0.609 | 0.739 | 0.695 | 0.442 |
| N3D2 | 0.754 | 0.557 | 0.828 | 0.839 | 0.743 | 0.834 | 0.893 | 0.925 | 0.904 | 0.783 | 0.829 | 0.823 | 0.542 |
| N4D2 | 0.841 | 0.702 | 0.877 | 0.945 | 0.866 | 0.902 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.917 | 0.889 | 0.888 | 0.758 |
| N5D2 | 0.908 | 0.795 | 0.958 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.875 | 0.891 | 0.963 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| N6D2 | 0.851 | 0.781 | 0.955 | 0.963 | 0.960 | 0.903 | 0.723 | 0.779 | 0.735 | 0.663 | 0.880 | 0.828 | 0.817 |
| N1D3 | 0.576 | 0.445 | 0.588 | 0.542 | 0.436 | 0.612 | 0.567 | 0.540 | 0.569 | 0.452 | 0.599 | 0.595 | 0.333 |
| N2D3 | 0.598 | 0.495 | 0.602 | 0.612 | 0.475 | 0.688 | 0.711 | 0.733 | 0.725 | 0.583 | 0.694 | 0.701 | 0.392 |
| N3D3 | 0.674 | 0.578 | 0.678 | 0.722 | 0.569 | 0.741 | 0.749 | 0.804 | 0.807 | 0.743 | 0.823 | 0.866 | 0.470 |
| N4D3 | 0.708 | 0.747 | 0.735 | 0.825 | 0.663 | 0.835 | 0.723 | 0.755 | 0.782 | 0.697 | 0.770 | 0.826 | 0.568 |
| N5D3 | 0.750 | 0.878 | 0.815 | 0.839 | 0.732 | 0.853 | 0.666 | 0.691 | 0.720 | 0.643 | 0.758 | 0.814 | 0.631 |
| N6D3 | 0.768 | 1.000 | 0.845 | 0.897 | 0.799 | 0.863 | 0.655 | 0.655 | 0.676 | 0.574 | 0.753 | 0.738 | 0.659 |
| 关联度Relevance degree | 0.769 | 0.632 | 0.807 | 0.792 | 0.719 | 0.820 | 0.759 | 0.755 | 0.785 | 0.695 | 0.789 | 0.796 | 0.595 |
| 权重Weight | 0.079 | 0.065 | 0.083 | 0.082 | 0.074 | 0.084 | 0.078 | 0.078 | 0.081 | 0.072 | 0.081 | 0.082 | 0.061 |
处理 Treatment | 加权关联度 Weighted relevance degree | 加权序位 Weighted order | 等权关联度 Equal weight correlation degree | 等权序位 Equal weight order |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N1D1 | 0.581 | 17 | 0.572 | 17 |
| N2D1 | 0.681 | 14 | 0.672 | 14 |
| N3D1 | 0.805 | 7 | 0.797 | 7 |
| N4D1 | 0.918 | 2 | 0.913 | 2 |
| N5D1 | 0.857 | 4 | 0.853 | 4 |
| N6D1 | 0.810 | 6 | 0.804 | 6 |
| N1D2 | 0.593 | 16 | 0.584 | 16 |
| N2D2 | 0.687 | 13 | 0.679 | 13 |
| N3D2 | 0.797 | 8 | 0.789 | 8 |
| N4D2 | 0.896 | 3 | 0.891 | 3 |
| N5D2 | 0.955 | 1 | 0.953 | 1 |
| N6D2 | 0.837 | 5 | 0.834 | 5 |
| N1D3 | 0.534 | 18 | 0.527 | 18 |
| N2D3 | 0.623 | 15 | 0.616 | 15 |
| N3D3 | 0.717 | 12 | 0.709 | 12 |
| N4D3 | 0.746 | 11 | 0.741 | 11 |
| N5D3 | 0.756 | 10 | 0.753 | 10 |
| N6D3 | 0.761 | 9 | 0.760 | 9 |
表2 不同种植配置下‘巴青’垂穗披碱草的综合排序
Table 2 Comprehensive ordination of E. nutans ‘Baqing’ under different planting configurations
处理 Treatment | 加权关联度 Weighted relevance degree | 加权序位 Weighted order | 等权关联度 Equal weight correlation degree | 等权序位 Equal weight order |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N1D1 | 0.581 | 17 | 0.572 | 17 |
| N2D1 | 0.681 | 14 | 0.672 | 14 |
| N3D1 | 0.805 | 7 | 0.797 | 7 |
| N4D1 | 0.918 | 2 | 0.913 | 2 |
| N5D1 | 0.857 | 4 | 0.853 | 4 |
| N6D1 | 0.810 | 6 | 0.804 | 6 |
| N1D2 | 0.593 | 16 | 0.584 | 16 |
| N2D2 | 0.687 | 13 | 0.679 | 13 |
| N3D2 | 0.797 | 8 | 0.789 | 8 |
| N4D2 | 0.896 | 3 | 0.891 | 3 |
| N5D2 | 0.955 | 1 | 0.953 | 1 |
| N6D2 | 0.837 | 5 | 0.834 | 5 |
| N1D3 | 0.534 | 18 | 0.527 | 18 |
| N2D3 | 0.623 | 15 | 0.616 | 15 |
| N3D3 | 0.717 | 12 | 0.709 | 12 |
| N4D3 | 0.746 | 11 | 0.741 | 11 |
| N5D3 | 0.756 | 10 | 0.753 | 10 |
| N6D3 | 0.761 | 9 | 0.760 | 9 |
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