草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 93-107.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025276
李月琪1(
), 马涛1, 丁玉萍1, 苏明1, 李涛1, 马小英1, 马风兰1, 万猛虎1, 李清云1, 张丹1, 吴娜1, 刘吉利2(
)
收稿日期:2025-07-03
修回日期:2025-08-28
出版日期:2026-06-20
发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者:
刘吉利
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: timi11082003@163.com基金资助:
Yue-qi LI1(
), Tao MA1, Yu-ping DING1, Ming SU1, Tao LI1, Xiao-ying MA1, Feng-lan MA1, Meng-hu WAN1, Qing-yun LI1, Dan ZHANG1, Na WU1, Ji-li LIU2(
)
Received:2025-07-03
Revised:2025-08-28
Online:2026-06-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Ji-li LIU
摘要:
针对宁夏引黄灌区盐碱地种植玉米产量降低等问题,本研究旨在探讨不同玉米品种在盐碱胁迫下的生长、生理、养分积累及产量表现,通过构建综合评价体系,筛选出适配不同盐碱程度的优势品种,为盐碱地玉米高效种植的品种选择与栽培管理提供科学依据。试验于2023年在宁夏平罗县开展,设置轻度盐碱(QS)和中度盐碱(ZS) 2种盐碱梯度为主区,以先玉335(V1)、银玉238 (V2)、晋单73(V3)、德科622 (V4)、DK815 (V5)、禾育157 (V6)、先玉1321 (V7)、锦润919 (V8)、天赐19 (V9)、先玉1225 (V10)10个玉米品种为副区,用于筛选不同盐碱程度下表现优异的玉米品种。结果表明:不同盐碱胁迫环境下,10个玉米品种在生长、生理、养分积累及产量方面均呈现出品种特异性,不同品种在各指标上表现出不同的优势特征;其中,在QS下,V3的净光合速率(Pn)、穗粒重和产量均达到最优,较其他品种增幅分别达4.90%~57.48%、1.36%~35.97%和9.70%~40.26%;V5的PSⅡ潜在最大光合能力(Fv/Fo)、K+含量最高,较其他品种增幅分别达3.50%~27.29%、2.54%~6.02%;V10的PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量和全磷含量达到最高,分别较其他品种提高了0.25%~3.77%、0.14%~46.16%和12.59%~48.48%。而在ZS下,V3的相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)、Fv/Fo较其他品种增幅分别达2.88%~35.30%、4.30%~35.37%;V5的产量较其他品种提高了3.56%~61.80%;V10的Pn、过氧化物酶(POD)活性及K+含量分别较其他品种提高了3.39%~32.24%、1.11%~15.05%和1.32%~5.19%。经熵权-TOPSIS法和主成分分析(PCA)综合评价,结果基本一致,在QS下,综合指标较优的3个玉米品种是V3、V5和V10,而在ZS下,综合指标较优的3个玉米品种同样是V10、V3和V5。因此,综合两种评价方法得出,晋单73(V3)在轻度盐碱环境下具备突出的适应性和稳产性,而先玉1225 (V10) 在中度盐碱环境下表现相对较好,这两个品种为宁夏盐碱地玉米种植提供了科学的品种选择,可作为区域示范推广的核心品种。
李月琪, 马涛, 丁玉萍, 苏明, 李涛, 马小英, 马风兰, 万猛虎, 李清云, 张丹, 吴娜, 刘吉利. 基于生长-养分积累-产量协同调控的宁夏盐碱地玉米品种适应性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 93-107.
Yue-qi LI, Tao MA, Yu-ping DING, Ming SU, Tao LI, Xiao-ying MA, Feng-lan MA, Meng-hu WAN, Qing-yun LI, Dan ZHANG, Na WU, Ji-li LIU. Adaptation of maize varieties in saline and alkaline land in Ningxia based on growth-nutrient accumulation-yield synergistic regulation[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(6): 93-107.
盐碱梯度 Saline-alkali gradient | 耕层 Till layer (cm) | 全盐含量 Total salt content (g·kg-1) | pH | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱Mildly saline-alkali | 0~20 | 2.87 | 8.62 | 9.76 | 0.95 | 0.64 | 26.23 | 10.11 | 69.08 |
| 20~40 | 2.66 | 8.75 | 13.51 | 0.81 | 0.61 | 42.14 | 5.25 | 63.11 | |
| 中度盐碱Moderately saline-alkali | 0~20 | 5.80 | 8.92 | 9.24 | 0.63 | 0.42 | 36.30 | 4.28 | 136.28 |
| 20~40 | 5.71 | 9.05 | 8.79 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 43.10 | 3.79 | 121.31 |
表1 土壤基础肥力水平
Table 1 Basic fertility of tested soils
盐碱梯度 Saline-alkali gradient | 耕层 Till layer (cm) | 全盐含量 Total salt content (g·kg-1) | pH | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱Mildly saline-alkali | 0~20 | 2.87 | 8.62 | 9.76 | 0.95 | 0.64 | 26.23 | 10.11 | 69.08 |
| 20~40 | 2.66 | 8.75 | 13.51 | 0.81 | 0.61 | 42.14 | 5.25 | 63.11 | |
| 中度盐碱Moderately saline-alkali | 0~20 | 5.80 | 8.92 | 9.24 | 0.63 | 0.42 | 36.30 | 4.28 | 136.28 |
| 20~40 | 5.71 | 9.05 | 8.79 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 43.10 | 3.79 | 121.31 |
滴灌日期 Drip irrigation date | 灌水量 Quantity of irrigation water (m3·hm-2) | 氮肥用量 Nitrogen fertilizer usage (kg·hm-2) | 磷肥用量 Phosphorus fertilizer usage (kg·hm-2) | 钾肥用量 Potassium fertilizer usage (kg·hm-2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4月25日April 25 | 450 | 30.00 | 15.00 | 12.00 |
| 5月20日May 20 | 300 | - | - | - |
| 6月5日June 5 | 450 | 54.00 | 27.00 | 21.60 |
| 6月20日June 20 | 450 | 54.00 | 27.00 | 21.60 |
| 7月5日July 5 | 375 | 36.00 | 18.00 | 14.40 |
| 7月15日July 15 | 375 | 36.00 | 18.00 | 14.40 |
| 7月25日July 25 | 375 | - | - | - |
| 8月7日August 7 | 300 | 45.00 | 22.50 | 18.00 |
| 8月17日August 17 | 300 | 45.00 | 22.50 | 18.00 |
| 8月27日August 27 | 300 | - | - | - |
| 9月7日September 7 | 225 | - | - | - |
表2 试验灌水施肥方案
Table 2 Experimental irrigation and fertilization scheme
滴灌日期 Drip irrigation date | 灌水量 Quantity of irrigation water (m3·hm-2) | 氮肥用量 Nitrogen fertilizer usage (kg·hm-2) | 磷肥用量 Phosphorus fertilizer usage (kg·hm-2) | 钾肥用量 Potassium fertilizer usage (kg·hm-2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4月25日April 25 | 450 | 30.00 | 15.00 | 12.00 |
| 5月20日May 20 | 300 | - | - | - |
| 6月5日June 5 | 450 | 54.00 | 27.00 | 21.60 |
| 6月20日June 20 | 450 | 54.00 | 27.00 | 21.60 |
| 7月5日July 5 | 375 | 36.00 | 18.00 | 14.40 |
| 7月15日July 15 | 375 | 36.00 | 18.00 | 14.40 |
| 7月25日July 25 | 375 | - | - | - |
| 8月7日August 7 | 300 | 45.00 | 22.50 | 18.00 |
| 8月17日August 17 | 300 | 45.00 | 22.50 | 18.00 |
| 8月27日August 27 | 300 | - | - | - |
| 9月7日September 7 | 225 | - | - | - |
图1 盐碱胁迫对不同玉米品种株高和茎粗的影响S:盐碱梯度;QS:轻度盐碱;ZS:中度盐碱;V:品种;*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,NS表示不显著;不同小写字母表示不同玉米品种在0.05水平差异显著。下同。S: Saline-alkali gradient; QS: Mildly saline-alkali; ZS: Moderately saline-alkali; V: Variety; * indicates P<0.05, ** indicates P<0.01, NS indicates not significant; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different maize varieties at the 0.05 level. The same below.
Fig.1 Effect of saline-alkali stress on plant height and stem thickness of different maize varieties
图3 盐碱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)的影响
Fig.3 Effects of saline-alkali stress on net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) in leaves of different maize varieties
图4 盐碱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ潜在最大光合能力(Fv/Fo)的影响
Fig.4 Effects of saline-alkali stress on maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of PSⅡ and maximum potential photosynthetic capacity (Fv/Fo) of PSⅡ in leaves of different maize varieties
图5 盐碱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性和丙二醛、脯氨酸含量的影响
Fig. 5 Effects of saline-alkali stress on superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, as well as malondialdehyde and proline content in leaves of different maize varieties
图6 盐碱胁迫对不同玉米品种叶片Na、K离子含量及其比值的影响
Fig.6 Effect of saline and alkaline stress on the content of Na and K ions and their ratio in the leaves of different maize varieties
图9 不同盐碱胁迫下对玉米各项指标的结构方程模型及Mantel相关性检验分析GI:生长指标;PI:生理指标;IC:离子浓度;YC:籽粒产量及其构成;NA:养分积累量;ZG:株高;JC:茎粗;LA:叶面积;GW:单株干物质质量;Pn:净光合速率;Tr:蒸腾速率;Fv/Fm:PSⅡ最大光化学效率;Fv/Fo:PSⅡ潜在最大光合能力;SPAD:相对叶绿素含量;SOD:超氧化物歧化酶活性;POD:过氧化物酶活性;Pro:脯氨酸含量;Na+:钠离子浓度;K+:钾离子浓度;Na+/K+:钠钾离子比。红色箭头表示正相关;蓝色箭头表示负相关;与箭头相关联的值表示标准化回归系数。与响应变量相关的R2值表示通过与其他变量的关系解释变异比例。模型的统计信息如下:X2/df为卡方与自由度比值;GFI:拟合优度指数;CFI:比较拟合指数。***表示P<0.001。GI: Growth index; PI: Physiological index; IC: Ion concentration; YC: Seed yield and its composition; NA: Nutrient accumulation; ZG: Plant height; JC: Stem thickness; LA: Leaf area; GW: Dry matter mass per plant; Pn: Net photosynthetic rate; Tr: Transpiration rate; Fv/Fm: Maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ; Fv/Fo: Potential maximum photosynthetic capacity of PSⅡ; SPAD: Relative chlorophyll content; SOD: Superoxide dismutase activity; POD: Peroxidase activity; Pro: Proline content; Na+: Sodium ion concentration; K+: Potassium ion concentration; Na+/K+: Sodium/potassium ion. Red arrows indicate positive correlation; blue arrows indicate negative correlation, and values associated with arrows indicate standardized regression coefficients. The R2 value associated with the response variable indicates the proportion of variance explained through the relationship with other variables. The statistical information of the model is as follows: X2/df is chi-square to degrees of freedom ratio; GFI is the goodness of fit index; CFI is comparative fit index. *** denotes P<0.001.
Fig.9 Analysis of structural equation model (SEM) and Mantel test correlation test on various indexes of maize under different saline and alkaline stresses
评价指标 Evaluation indicator | 盐碱梯度 Saline-alkali gradient | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱 Mildly saline-alkali (QS) | 中度盐碱 Moderately saline-alkali (ZS) | |||||
信息熵值 Information entropy value | 信息效用值 Information utility value | 权重系数 Weight coefficient (Vj,%) | 信息熵值 Information entropy value | 信息效用值 Information utility value | 权重系数 Weight coefficient (Vj, %) | |
| 株高 Plant height | 0.9998 | 0.0002 | 0.32 | 0.9997 | 0.0003 | 0.15 |
| 茎粗 Stem thickness | 0.9992 | 0.0008 | 1.23 | 0.9972 | 0.0028 | 1.58 |
| 叶面积 Leaf area | 0.9968 | 0.0032 | 4.99 | 0.9962 | 0.0038 | 2.17 |
| 单株干物质 Dry matter of per plant | 0.9976 | 0.0024 | 3.75 | 0.9900 | 0.0100 | 5.74 |
| 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) | 0.9943 | 0.0057 | 8.78 | 0.9982 | 0.0018 | 1.01 |
| 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate (Tr) | 0.9961 | 0.0039 | 5.95 | 0.9922 | 0.0078 | 4.49 |
| PSⅡ最大光化学效率Fv/Fm | 0.9999 | 0.0001 | 0.18 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.02 |
| PSⅡ潜在最大光合能力Fv/Fo | 0.9991 | 0.0009 | 1.43 | 0.9984 | 0.0016 | 0.90 |
| 相对叶绿素含量SPAD | 0.9998 | 0.0002 | 0.29 | 0.9324 | 0.0676 | 38.82 |
| 超氧化物歧化酶SOD | 0.9986 | 0.0014 | 2.19 | 0.9997 | 0.0003 | 0.18 |
| 过氧化物酶POD | 0.9978 | 0.0022 | 3.40 | 0.9995 | 0.0005 | 0.28 |
| 丙二醛MDA | 0.9978 | 0.0022 | 3.41 | 0.9955 | 0.0045 | 2.58 |
| 脯氨酸Pro | 0.9961 | 0.0039 | 5.98 | 0.9993 | 0.0007 | 0.40 |
| Na+ | 0.9942 | 0.0058 | 8.88 | 0.9758 | 0.0242 | 13.91 |
| K+ | 0.9999 | 0.0001 | 0.09 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.03 |
| Na+/K+ | 0.9940 | 0.0060 | 9.28 | 0.9744 | 0.0256 | 14.70 |
| 全氮Total nitrogen | 0.9968 | 0.0032 | 4.89 | 0.9959 | 0.0041 | 2.34 |
| 全磷Total phosphorus | 0.9968 | 0.0032 | 4.89 | 0.9945 | 0.0055 | 3.17 |
| 全钾Total potassium | 0.9871 | 0.0129 | 19.79 | 0.9959 | 0.0041 | 2.34 |
| 穗粒重Kernel weight | 0.9977 | 0.0023 | 3.50 | 0.9975 | 0.0025 | 1.44 |
| 百粒重Hundred-grain weight | 0.9982 | 0.0018 | 2.74 | 0.9992 | 0.0008 | 0.45 |
| 产量Yield | 0.9974 | 0.0026 | 4.04 | 0.9943 | 0.0057 | 3.29 |
表3 熵值法计算各项评价指标权重结果
Table 3 Results of the entropy method for calculating the weights of various evaluation indicators
评价指标 Evaluation indicator | 盐碱梯度 Saline-alkali gradient | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱 Mildly saline-alkali (QS) | 中度盐碱 Moderately saline-alkali (ZS) | |||||
信息熵值 Information entropy value | 信息效用值 Information utility value | 权重系数 Weight coefficient (Vj,%) | 信息熵值 Information entropy value | 信息效用值 Information utility value | 权重系数 Weight coefficient (Vj, %) | |
| 株高 Plant height | 0.9998 | 0.0002 | 0.32 | 0.9997 | 0.0003 | 0.15 |
| 茎粗 Stem thickness | 0.9992 | 0.0008 | 1.23 | 0.9972 | 0.0028 | 1.58 |
| 叶面积 Leaf area | 0.9968 | 0.0032 | 4.99 | 0.9962 | 0.0038 | 2.17 |
| 单株干物质 Dry matter of per plant | 0.9976 | 0.0024 | 3.75 | 0.9900 | 0.0100 | 5.74 |
| 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) | 0.9943 | 0.0057 | 8.78 | 0.9982 | 0.0018 | 1.01 |
| 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate (Tr) | 0.9961 | 0.0039 | 5.95 | 0.9922 | 0.0078 | 4.49 |
| PSⅡ最大光化学效率Fv/Fm | 0.9999 | 0.0001 | 0.18 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.02 |
| PSⅡ潜在最大光合能力Fv/Fo | 0.9991 | 0.0009 | 1.43 | 0.9984 | 0.0016 | 0.90 |
| 相对叶绿素含量SPAD | 0.9998 | 0.0002 | 0.29 | 0.9324 | 0.0676 | 38.82 |
| 超氧化物歧化酶SOD | 0.9986 | 0.0014 | 2.19 | 0.9997 | 0.0003 | 0.18 |
| 过氧化物酶POD | 0.9978 | 0.0022 | 3.40 | 0.9995 | 0.0005 | 0.28 |
| 丙二醛MDA | 0.9978 | 0.0022 | 3.41 | 0.9955 | 0.0045 | 2.58 |
| 脯氨酸Pro | 0.9961 | 0.0039 | 5.98 | 0.9993 | 0.0007 | 0.40 |
| Na+ | 0.9942 | 0.0058 | 8.88 | 0.9758 | 0.0242 | 13.91 |
| K+ | 0.9999 | 0.0001 | 0.09 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.03 |
| Na+/K+ | 0.9940 | 0.0060 | 9.28 | 0.9744 | 0.0256 | 14.70 |
| 全氮Total nitrogen | 0.9968 | 0.0032 | 4.89 | 0.9959 | 0.0041 | 2.34 |
| 全磷Total phosphorus | 0.9968 | 0.0032 | 4.89 | 0.9945 | 0.0055 | 3.17 |
| 全钾Total potassium | 0.9871 | 0.0129 | 19.79 | 0.9959 | 0.0041 | 2.34 |
| 穗粒重Kernel weight | 0.9977 | 0.0023 | 3.50 | 0.9975 | 0.0025 | 1.44 |
| 百粒重Hundred-grain weight | 0.9982 | 0.0018 | 2.74 | 0.9992 | 0.0008 | 0.45 |
| 产量Yield | 0.9974 | 0.0026 | 4.04 | 0.9943 | 0.0057 | 3.29 |
品种 Variety | 盐碱梯度Saline-alkali gradient | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱Mildly saline-alkali (QS) | 中度盐碱Moderately saline-alkali (ZS) | |||||||
| Di+ | Di– | Ci | 排序Sort | Di+ | Di– | Ci | 排序Sort | |
| V1 | 253.692 | 22.644 | 0.082 | 10 | 137.182 | 66.647 | 0.327 | 6 |
| V2 | 224.490 | 145.104 | 0.393 | 5 | 172.868 | 74.382 | 0.301 | 7 |
| V3 | 28.384 | 258.770 | 0.901 | 1 | 58.757 | 142.824 | 0.709 | 2 |
| V4 | 178.959 | 93.895 | 0.344 | 6 | 157.753 | 33.981 | 0.177 | 10 |
| V5 | 92.319 | 181.434 | 0.663 | 2 | 70.901 | 169.652 | 0.705 | 3 |
| V6 | 164.882 | 108.060 | 0.396 | 4 | 147.558 | 48.007 | 0.245 | 8 |
| V7 | 214.819 | 106.859 | 0.332 | 7 | 83.032 | 112.283 | 0.575 | 4 |
| V8 | 234.166 | 104.554 | 0.309 | 8 | 87.944 | 113.723 | 0.564 | 5 |
| V9 | 214.268 | 75.386 | 0.260 | 9 | 151.994 | 44.420 | 0.226 | 9 |
| V10 | 126.808 | 146.005 | 0.535 | 3 | 57.601 | 157.887 | 0.733 | 1 |
表4 基于TOPSIS综合评价的不同盐碱梯度品种适应性分析
Table 4 Adaptation analysis of varieties with different saline-alkali gradients based on comprehensive TOPSIS evaluation
品种 Variety | 盐碱梯度Saline-alkali gradient | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱Mildly saline-alkali (QS) | 中度盐碱Moderately saline-alkali (ZS) | |||||||
| Di+ | Di– | Ci | 排序Sort | Di+ | Di– | Ci | 排序Sort | |
| V1 | 253.692 | 22.644 | 0.082 | 10 | 137.182 | 66.647 | 0.327 | 6 |
| V2 | 224.490 | 145.104 | 0.393 | 5 | 172.868 | 74.382 | 0.301 | 7 |
| V3 | 28.384 | 258.770 | 0.901 | 1 | 58.757 | 142.824 | 0.709 | 2 |
| V4 | 178.959 | 93.895 | 0.344 | 6 | 157.753 | 33.981 | 0.177 | 10 |
| V5 | 92.319 | 181.434 | 0.663 | 2 | 70.901 | 169.652 | 0.705 | 3 |
| V6 | 164.882 | 108.060 | 0.396 | 4 | 147.558 | 48.007 | 0.245 | 8 |
| V7 | 214.819 | 106.859 | 0.332 | 7 | 83.032 | 112.283 | 0.575 | 4 |
| V8 | 234.166 | 104.554 | 0.309 | 8 | 87.944 | 113.723 | 0.564 | 5 |
| V9 | 214.268 | 75.386 | 0.260 | 9 | 151.994 | 44.420 | 0.226 | 9 |
| V10 | 126.808 | 146.005 | 0.535 | 3 | 57.601 | 157.887 | 0.733 | 1 |
品种 Variety | 盐碱梯度Saline-alkali gradient | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱Mildly saline-alkali (QS) | 中度盐碱Moderately saline-alkali (ZS) | |||||||
| PC1 | PC2 | 得分Score | 排序Sort | PC1 | PC2 | 得分Score | 排序Sort | |
| V1 | -1.4011 | -0.8839 | -0.57 | 10 | 0.9180 | -1.5923 | -0.04 | 5 |
| V2 | -0.3346 | -1.1385 | -0.29 | 8 | -1.2373 | 0.2730 | -0.30 | 9 |
| V3 | 0.0840 | 2.0281 | 0.36 | 2 | 0.3917 | 0.5700 | 0.22 | 2 |
| V4 | -0.3682 | 0.5838 | -0.01 | 6 | 0.3430 | 0.3262 | 0.16 | 4 |
| V5 | 1.2385 | 0.1816 | 0.40 | 1 | 1.0677 | -0.5338 | 0.20 | 3 |
| V6 | -0.1208 | 1.0732 | 0.14 | 5 | -0.7325 | -0.4030 | -0.28 | 8 |
| V7 | 1.4352 | -0.9784 | 0.27 | 4 | -0.1586 | -1.1259 | -0.26 | 7 |
| V8 | -1.0334 | -0.2630 | -0.36 | 9 | -1.7272 | 0.5723 | -0.38 | 6 |
| V9 | -0.7450 | -0.1072 | -0.24 | 7 | -0.1486 | -0.0643 | -0.05 | 10 |
| V10 | 1.2455 | -0.4958 | 0.29 | 3 | 1.2839 | 1.9779 | 0.73 | 1 |
表5 基于主成分综合评价的不同盐碱梯度品种适应性分析
Table 5 Adaptation analysis of varieties with different saline-alkali gradients based on comprehensive principal component evaluation
品种 Variety | 盐碱梯度Saline-alkali gradient | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 轻度盐碱Mildly saline-alkali (QS) | 中度盐碱Moderately saline-alkali (ZS) | |||||||
| PC1 | PC2 | 得分Score | 排序Sort | PC1 | PC2 | 得分Score | 排序Sort | |
| V1 | -1.4011 | -0.8839 | -0.57 | 10 | 0.9180 | -1.5923 | -0.04 | 5 |
| V2 | -0.3346 | -1.1385 | -0.29 | 8 | -1.2373 | 0.2730 | -0.30 | 9 |
| V3 | 0.0840 | 2.0281 | 0.36 | 2 | 0.3917 | 0.5700 | 0.22 | 2 |
| V4 | -0.3682 | 0.5838 | -0.01 | 6 | 0.3430 | 0.3262 | 0.16 | 4 |
| V5 | 1.2385 | 0.1816 | 0.40 | 1 | 1.0677 | -0.5338 | 0.20 | 3 |
| V6 | -0.1208 | 1.0732 | 0.14 | 5 | -0.7325 | -0.4030 | -0.28 | 8 |
| V7 | 1.4352 | -0.9784 | 0.27 | 4 | -0.1586 | -1.1259 | -0.26 | 7 |
| V8 | -1.0334 | -0.2630 | -0.36 | 9 | -1.7272 | 0.5723 | -0.38 | 6 |
| V9 | -0.7450 | -0.1072 | -0.24 | 7 | -0.1486 | -0.0643 | -0.05 | 10 |
| V10 | 1.2455 | -0.4958 | 0.29 | 3 | 1.2839 | 1.9779 | 0.73 | 1 |
| [1] | Zhao H Y, Lin H X. Molecular mechanism of plants in responses to salt and alkali stress. Soils and Crops, 2020, 9(2): 103-113. |
| 赵怀玉, 林鸿宣. 植物响应盐碱胁迫的分子机制. 土壤与作物, 2020, 9(2): 103-113. | |
| [2] | Wang C J, Li F X, Wu X. Effects of different organic materials on soil nutrient content and nitrogen effectiveness in saline soils of Yinbei irrigation district. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2021(23): 141-142, 153. |
| 王长军, 李凤霞, 吴霞. 不同有机物料对银北灌区盐碱地土壤养分含量及氮有效性的影响. 现代农业科技, 2021(23): 141-142, 153. | |
| [3] | Ren X Y, Chen Y Y, Liang X H. Effect of Fenlong tillage on soil nutrients and maize yield in saline land of Ningxia Yinbei irrigation area. Southwest Journal of Agriculture, 2022, 35(5): 1063-1068. |
| 任晓月, 陈彦云, 梁新华. 粉垄耕作对宁夏银北盐碱地土壤养分及玉米产量的影响. 西南农业学报, 2022, 35(5): 1063-1068. | |
| [4] | Li C C, Song Y, Sun D Q. Seedling growth difference and physiological mechanism of different maize cultivars under mixed saline-alkali stress. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2023, 42(10): 2486-2493. |
| 李聪聪, 宋勇, 孙东泉. 不同品种玉米在盐碱复合胁迫下的幼苗生长差异及其生理机制. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(10): 2486-2493. | |
| [5] | Weng H Y, Wu M Y, Li X B, et al. High-throughput phenotyping salt tolerance in JUNCAOs by combining prompt chlorophyll a fluorescence with hyperspectral spectroscopy. Plant Science, 2023, 330: 111660. |
| [6] | Chun Y, Li X Y, Yuan Y, et al. Overview of the impact of salinity-alkali stress on quinoa’s physiological, biochemical, and metabolic levels. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 45(4): 67-77. |
| 春宇, 李向颖, 元元, 等. 盐碱胁迫对藜麦生理生化及代谢水平的影响综述. 农业科学研究, 2024, 45(4): 67-77. | |
| [7] | Ruan Y H, Zhang Z X, Wang L Q, et al. Effect of NaCl stress on seedling physiological indices of different maize varieties. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 45(3): 44-46. |
| 阮英慧, 张卓新, 王丽琼, 等. 氯化钠胁迫对不同玉米品种苗期生理指标的影响. 江苏农业科学, 2017, 45(3): 44-46. | |
| [8] | Zhang H. Effects of deep-turning straw return on growth, development and yield of maize in saline and alkaline land. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2023. |
| 张皓. 深翻秸秆还田对盐碱地玉米生长发育及产量的影响. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2023. | |
| [9] | Su M, Li F G, Hong Z Q, et al. Study on the antioxidant properties of nitrogen application in alleviating heat-induced premature senescence in dryland potatoes after flowering. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 58(4): 660-675. |
| 苏明, 李翻过, 洪自强, 等. 施氮缓解旱地马铃薯花后高温早衰的抗氧化特性研究. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(4): 660-675. | |
| [10] | Li Y P, Xu Z H, Lin Y N, et al. Research progress on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in maize. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 51(12): 1-10. |
| 李懿璞, 许政晗, 蔺雅楠, 等. 玉米耐盐生理与分子机制研究进展. 广东农业科学, 2024, 51(12): 1-10. | |
| [11] | He K H, Chang L G, Cui T T, et al. QTL localization of maize plant height and ear height in multiple environments. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 49(8): 1443-1452. |
| 何坤辉, 常立国, 崔婷婷, 等. 多环境下玉米株高和穗位高的QTL定位. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(8): 1443-1452. | |
| [12] | Wang X T, Wei F, Dai Z J, et al. Identification of candidate genes associating with stem diameter in maize (Zea mays L.) based on integrating QTL mapping and RNA-seq. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2022, 23(6): 1737-1745. |
| 王新涛, 魏锋, 代资举, 等.基于QTL定位和RNA-seq分析挖掘玉米茎粗候选基因. 植物遗传资源学报, 2022, 23(6): 1737-1745. | |
| [13] | Ding X P, Bai J, Zhang C Y, et al. Effects of row expansion and plant reduction on canopy structure and yield of summer maize populations. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 53(19): 3915-3927. |
| 丁相鹏, 白晶, 张春雨, 等. 扩行缩株对夏玉米群体冠层结构及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(19): 3915-3927. | |
| [14] | Sun Q, Hu J J. Research techniques in plant physiology. Yangling: Northwest A&F University Press, 2006. |
| 孙群, 胡景江. 植物生理学研究技术. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学出版社, 2006. | |
| [15] | Wang J, Huang W J, Yao S Y, et al. Characteristics of ion distribution, uptake and transport in poplar trees at different growth stages and their relationship with soil salinity. Northwest Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 34(1): 140-152. |
| 王杰, 黄文娟, 姚诗雨, 等. 不同生长阶段胡杨树离子分布、吸收和运移特征及其与土壤盐分的关系.西北农业学报, 2025, 34(1): 140-152. | |
| [16] | Bao S D. Soil agrochemical analysis. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. |
| 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析.北京:中国农业出版社, 2000. | |
| [17] | Zhang F, Chen M R, Xing Y Y, et al. Optimization of potato fertilization and drip irrigation volume combinations based on entropy weight method and TOPSIS. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2023, 29(4): 732-744. |
| 张帆, 陈梦茹, 邢英英, 等. 基于熵权法和TOPSIS对马铃薯施肥和滴灌量组合的优化. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2023, 29(4): 732-744. | |
| [18] | Yang X J, Li X Y, Wang H Y, et al. Screening of salt-tolerant germplasm and evaluation of salt tolerance in maize inbred lines. Maize Science, 2014, 22(4): 19-25. |
| 杨晓杰, 李旭业, 王海艳, 等. 玉米自交系耐盐种质的筛选及耐盐性评价. 玉米科学, 2014, 22(4): 19-25. | |
| [19] | Liu X J. Agronomic traits, yield and quality performance of cereals with different phosphorus efficiencies under coordinated fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Taiyuan: Shanxi Agricultural University, 2022. |
| 刘晓杰. 不同磷效率谷子在氮磷钾统筹施肥下农艺性状、产量及品质表现. 太原: 山西农业大学, 2022. | |
| [20] | Chang S Q, Deng Q Y, Wu J. Progress in the characterization of photosynthesis and material accumulation in super hybrid rice. Hybrid Rice, 2014, 29(1): 1-5. |
| 常硕其, 邓启云, 吴俊. 超级杂交稻光合作用和物质积累特性研究进展. 杂交水稻, 2014, 29(1): 1-5. | |
| [21] | Chen C, He X D, Qin J Z, et al. Comparison of Fv/Fm characteristics in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of four Michelia species. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2013, 40(1): 32-37. |
| 陈辰, 何小定, 秦金舟, 等. 4种含笑叶片叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm特性的比较. 安徽农业大学学报, 2013, 40(1): 32-37. | |
| [22] | Zhang X J, Zhou F P, Zhang Y Z, et al. Differential analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of glutinous sorghum during flag leaf fertility. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 42(12): 1270-1273. |
| 张晓娟, 周福平, 张一中, 等. 糯高粱旗叶生育期间叶绿素荧光特性差异分析. 山西农业科学, 2014, 42(12): 1270-1273. | |
| [23] | Zhou L B. Response of yield and physiological indexes to planting density of introduced maize varieties based on the Tibetan Plateau. Nyingchi: Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, 2023. |
| 周丽斌. 基于西藏高原引进玉米品种产量及生理指标对种植密度的响应. 林芝: 西藏农牧大学, 2023. | |
| [24] | Song J L, Qin J M, Xiong H Y, et al. Effects of adding different substrates on physiological characteristics of corn seedlings in tetracycline-containing soil. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 33(2): 342-349. |
| 宋建丽, 秦俊梅, 熊华烨, 等. 添加不同基质对含四环素土壤玉米幼苗生理特性的影响. 水土保持学报, 2019, 33(2): 342-349. | |
| [25] | Teng X Y, Li P Z, Lin X Y, et al. Effects of alkaline salt stress on mineral ion uptake and partitioning in rice seedlings. Northeast Agricultural Science, 2022, 47(1): 11-16. |
| 滕祥勇, 李鹏志, 林秀云, 等. 碱性盐胁迫对水稻苗期矿质离子吸收与分配的影响. 东北农业科学, 2022, 47(1): 11-16. | |
| [26] | Wang H. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and development of maize and product quality. Henan Agriculture, 2025, 36(6): 70-72. |
| 王慧.浅析氮肥对玉米生长发育及产品质量的影响. 河南农业, 2025, 36(6): 70-72. | |
| [27] | Zhou X Z, Tang C Y. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on agronomic traits and plant nutrients of fall corn. Henan Agricultural Science, 2008, 37(9): 27-29, 33. |
| 周晓舟, 唐创业. 氮磷钾对秋玉米农艺性状和植株养分的影响. 河南农业科学, 2008, 37(9): 27-29, 33. | |
| [28] | Sun M Y, Ji M, Li C Q, et al. Yield differences among modern corn varieties and typical biological characteristics of high-yielding corn varieties. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2025, 31(2): 226-237. |
| 孙梦宇, 纪萌, 李长青, 等. 现代玉米品种的产量差异及高产玉米品种的典型生物学特征. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2025, 31(2): 226-237. | |
| [29] | Peng Y M, Zhao K N, Li S, et al. Effects of wheat-corn cropping systems and nitrogen fertilizer application rates on corn yield and nitrogen use efficiency in dryland wheat-corn double-cropping areas. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2025, 31(1): 63-76. |
| 彭彦珉, 赵凯男, 李爽, 等. 麦季耕作方式和玉米季氮肥用量对旱地麦-玉两熟区玉米产量和氮素利用的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2025, 31(1): 63-76. | |
| [30] | Miao Z M, Li J C, Chen D. Evaluation of water level management schemes for winter wheat under waterlogged conditions based on the entropy-weighted TOPSIS model. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Machinery Engineering, 2018, 36(12): 1306-1311. |
| 缪子梅, 李竞春, 陈栋. 基于熵权TOPSIS模型评价涝渍条件下冬小麦水位管理方案. 排灌机械工程学报, 2018, 36(12): 1306-1311. | |
| [31] | Zhao S T, Shi S L, Li X L, et al. Application of TOPSIS based on entropy weight to screen soil sustainable systems suitable for corn rotation in the arid region of central Gansu. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(4): 997-1005. |
| 赵思腾, 师尚礼, 李小龙, 等. 基于熵权-TOPSIS模型筛选陇中旱作区适宜玉米轮作的土壤可持续系统. 草地学报, 2019, 27(4): 997-1005. | |
| [32] | Li H, Wang X M, Liu M, et al. Optimization of water and nitrogen reduction schemes based on summer corn yield and nitrogen utilization. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(5): 1292-1304. |
| 李慧, 王旭敏, 刘苗, 等. 基于夏玉米产量和氮素利用的水氮减量方案优选. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1292-1304. | |
| [33] | Guo F C, Gou R L, She Y M F, et al. Study on the adaptability of different salt-tolerant rice varieties to saline-alkali soils in Ningxia. Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition), 2026, 91(2): 24-33. https://doi.org/10.13207/j.jnwafu.2026.02.003. |
| 郭富城, 苟瑞丽, 舍杨梦斐, 等. 不同耐盐水稻品种对宁夏盐碱地的适应性研究. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 91(2): 24-33. https://doi.org/10.13207/j.jnwafu.2026.02.003. |
| [1] | 洪海洋, 沙志行, 姜明明, 苏晓龙, 任文义, 孔伟豪, 张力莉, 徐晓锋, 马玉林. 玉米浆与乳酸菌协同发酵对玉米秸秆营养成分、瘤胃发酵特性及体外降解率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 181-189. |
| [2] | 孙波, 张均益, 白春艳, 冯帆, 兰剑, 邓建强. 宁夏中部干旱区一年生饲草轮作系统生产效益分析[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 35-48. |
| [3] | 袁绍燕, 刘元坤, 蔡世杰, 雷婷馨, 周萍萍, 王俊珍, 颜红海. 多样性燕麦种质资源苗期耐盐性综合评价[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 49-59. |
| [4] | 刘志昊, 李文龙, 张晨, 刘美英, 陶雅. 养殖废水灌溉下青贮添加剂对全株玉米青贮饲料品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 60-72. |
| [5] | 牛浴林, 包明芳, 王文虎, 陈鑫, 刘凯强, 刘文辉, 秦燕. 三江源地区10份无芒雀麦资源农艺性状与生产性能综合评价[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 83-92. |
| [6] | 项凌飞, 张峰举, 李跃, 王学琴, 刘金龙, 马巧利. 不同行距和播量对盐碱地湖南稷子饲草及种子产量和质量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(5): 126-138. |
| [7] | 柴龙行, 赵锐, 刘晓燚, 白金顺. 绿肥对我国农田增产节氮效应的整合分析[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(5): 162-174. |
| [8] | 邓文辉, 赵小娜, 雍嘉仪, 管思雨, 胡国强, 王腾飞, 胡海英. 行比和燕麦密度对苜蓿种子产量及其构成因素的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(4): 100-111. |
| [9] | 范菊凤, 潘浪, 彭德军, 彭亚军, 李巳夫, 农成银, 杜坚豪, 刘祥英, 马国兰. 稗草对水稻生长和产量性状的影响及其防除经济阈值研究[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(4): 124-134. |
| [10] | 赵晓强, 张月娇, 张丹丹, 曹凯宁, 张元庆. 不同饲养方式及脂肪酸类型对犊牛生长性能、瘤胃内环境和血清指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(4): 211-220. |
| [11] | 刘朝荣, 陈永成, 陈莹, 张旭东, 胡天宇, 苏力合, 张凡凡, 王旭哲, 姚琨, 马春晖. 新疆盐碱化土壤下不同羊草的耐盐碱性差异研究[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(4): 29-41. |
| [12] | 王一博, 明雪花, 张建勇, 袁琦, 杜建明, 王斌, 王腾飞, 张译尹, 兰剑, 牟乐. 宁夏干旱区燕麦新种质生产性能和种子产量综合评价研究[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(4): 86-99. |
| [13] | 童玉花, 王晓彤, 马永龙, 杨金辉, 余冬雯, 李淑霞. 壳聚糖浸种对盐碱胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(3): 245-256. |
| [14] | 李磊, 马勇宽, 蒋鹏, 朱志明, 纪立东, 李龙, 许兴. “六位一体”模式对宁夏盐碱地土壤水盐动态、质量等级及青贮玉米产能的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(3): 68-82. |
| [15] | 臧家艺, 徐明杰, 谢济骋, 沈禹颖, 来兴发. 有机肥等氮替代化肥对旱作区青贮玉米/饲用大豆间作系统饲草产量和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(3): 83-95. |
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||