欢迎访问《草业学报》官方网站,今天是

草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (8): 193-206.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025319

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

苦豆子成熟期-凋落期土壤节肢动物群落对氮磷输入的响应

刘璐瑶1,2(), 崔东1,3(), 刘淑琪1,3, 江智诚1,3, 吴昀昊1,3, 刘泽征1,3, 刘隽琦1,3   

  1. 1.伊犁师范大学资源与生态研究所,新疆 伊宁 835000
    2.伊犁师范大学生物与技术学院,新疆 伊宁 835000
    3.伊犁师范大学资源与环境学院,新疆 伊宁 835000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-05 修回日期:2025-09-20 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 崔东
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: cuidongw@126.com
    刘璐瑶(1998-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,在读硕士。E-mail: yy09160024@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0405);伊犁师范大学提升学科综合实力专项自科重点项目(22XKZZ01)

Response of the soil arthropod community to nitrogen and phosphorus inputs during the maturity-senescence period of Sophora alopecuroides

Lu-yao LIU1,2(), Dong CUI1,3(), Shu-qi LIU1,3, Zhi-cheng JIANG1,3, Yun-hao WU1,3, Ze-zheng LIU1,3, Jun-qi LIU1,3   

  1. 1.Institute of Resources and Ecology,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China
    2.College of Biology and Technology,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China
    3.College of Resources and Environment,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China
  • Received:2025-08-05 Revised:2025-09-20 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-06-22
  • Contact: Dong CUI

摘要:

本研究以新疆伊犁苦豆子型退化草地土壤动物为对象,在以苦豆子为优势物种的自由放牧草地设置氮添加(N)、磷添加(P)、氮磷添加(NP)和未施氮磷(CK)控制试验,研究苦豆子成熟期-凋落期养分添加下土壤动物群落和土壤环境因子的响应及其关键驱动因子。结果表明:1)氮添加、磷添加和氮磷添加均降低了土壤动物密度和类群数。苦豆子成熟期,氮添加、磷添加和氮磷添加均降低了Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和丰富度指数;凋落期,氮添加、磷添加和氮磷添加均增加了Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数,降低了优势度指数;并显著降低了捕食性土壤动物个体数(P<0.05)。2)氮添加、磷添加、氮磷添加和对照土壤有机碳、全磷、铵态氮含量和土壤含水率在成熟期均高于凋落期。3)成熟期,土壤含水率、有机碳是影响土壤动物群落结构的主要环境因子;凋落期,pH值是影响土壤动物群落结构的主要环境因子。综上,养分添加、成熟期-凋落期与环境因子共同驱动苦豆子型退化草地土壤动物多样性及功能类群变化,对深入理解及管理伊犁退化草地生态系统具有重要意义。

关键词: 土壤节肢动物, 养分添加, 多样性, 苦豆子, 功能类群

Abstract:

This study focused on the soil fauna in Sophora alopecuroides degraded grassland in Yili, Xinjiang. A controlled experiment was conducted in freely grazed grassland where S. alopecuroides was the dominant species, with treatments including nitrogen addition (N), phosphorus addition (P), nitrogen and phosphorus addition (NP), and a control (no nitrogen and phosphorus addition; CK). The overall aim was to study the responses of soil fauna communities and soil environmental factors and their key driving factors under nutrient addition during the maturity and senescence periods of S. alopecuroides. It was found that: 1) Nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions reduced the density and number of groups of soil fauna. During the maturity period, nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions decreased the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the species richness index. During the senescence period, nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions increased the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the evenness index but decreased the dominance index. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions significantly reduced the number of predatory fauna individuals (P<0.05). 2) Soil organic carbon, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen content, and soil moisture were higher during the maturity period than during the senescence period across all treatments (N, P, NP, and CK). 3) During the maturity period, soil moisture and organic carbon were the main environmental factors influencing the soil fauna community structure, while during the senescence period, pH was the main environmental factor. In short, nutrient addition, maturity/senescence period, and environmental factors collectively drive changes in soil fauna diversity and functional groups in S. alopecuroides degraded grassland. The findings of this study provide important insights for understanding and managing degraded grassland ecosystems in Yili.

Key words: soil arthropods, nutrient addition, diversity, Sophora alopecuroides, functional groups