草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 125-136.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020397
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
田甜(), 王海江(), 王金刚, 朱永琪, 史晓艳, 李维弟, 李文瑞玉
收稿日期:
2020-08-24
修回日期:
2020-11-23
出版日期:
2021-09-16
发布日期:
2021-09-16
通讯作者:
王海江
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: wanghaijiang@shzu.edu.cn基金资助:
Tian TIAN(), Hai-jiang WANG(), Jin-gang WANG, Yong-qi ZHU, Xiao-yan SHI, Wei-di LI, Wen-rui-yu LI
Received:
2020-08-24
Revised:
2020-11-23
Online:
2021-09-16
Published:
2021-09-16
Contact:
Hai-jiang WANG
摘要:
探究施加氮素对盐(NaCl)胁迫下饲用油菜有机渗透调节物质的调控作用,以华油杂62号为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,研究不同梯度NaCl(0、2、4、6 g·kg-1)下施加不同含量纯氮(0、120、240、360 kg·hm-2)对饲用油菜叶片含水量、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素和全氮含量的影响。结果表明:盐胁迫下饲用油菜的生长受到明显的抑制,随着盐分含量的增加,MDA 含量增加,叶片含水量、叶绿素和全氮含量减少,有机渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量增加。施加适量氮素(240 kg·hm-2)显著增加了脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量,MDA 含量减少,叶绿素和全氮含量增加;过量的氮素(360 kg·hm-2)显著降低了油菜叶片含水量、MDA和可溶性糖含量,显著增加了叶绿素和全氮含量。5个生育期主成分分析表明,施氮在生育前期对饲用油菜MDA、脯氨酸、叶绿素和全氮含量影响较大,在后期对叶片含水量和可溶性糖含量影响较大。综上,适量的氮素能够促进油菜体内有机渗透调节物质积累,缓解盐分对油菜生长不利的影响。
田甜, 王海江, 王金刚, 朱永琪, 史晓艳, 李维弟, 李文瑞玉. 盐胁迫下施加氮素对饲用油菜有机渗透调节物质积累的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(10): 125-136.
Tian TIAN, Hai-jiang WANG, Jin-gang WANG, Yong-qi ZHU, Xiao-yan SHI, Wei-di LI, Wen-rui-yu LI. Effects of nitrogen application on accumulation of organic osmotic regulating substances in forage rapeseed (Brassica napus) under salt stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(10): 125-136.
图1 盐胁迫下施加氮素对油菜叶片含水量的影响同组数据不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。Different lowercase letters of the same group of data show significant differences among different treatments (P<0.05), the same below.
Fig.1 Effect of nitrogen application on water content of rape leaves under salt stress
盐处理 Salt treatment | 氮处理 Nitrogen treatment | 时间Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 d | 42 d | 49 d | 56 d | 63 d | ||
S0 | N0 | 17.891±0.152i | 23.051±0.165hi | 27.607±0.263h | 30.881±0.248h | 32.773±0.171h |
N1 | 17.632±0.153ij | 21.592±0.177hi | 27.350±0.277h | 28.038±0.169i | 30.622±0.323i | |
N2 | 15.660±0.151k | 18.581±0.522k | 21.419±0.253j | 25.632±0.301k | 29.681±0.257j | |
N3 | 14.191±0.260k | 17.887±0.260k | 18.581±0.149k | 23.137±0.191l | 28.724±0.520k | |
S1 | N0 | 24.521±0.141fg | 26.843±0.262fg | 30.711±0.260f | 31.831±0.290g | 35.613±0.288f |
N1 | 22.968±0.253g | 26.154±0.541g | 28.132±0.438gh | 28.653±0.282i | 34.062±0.301g | |
N2 | 17.463±0.154ij | 19.178±0.152jk | 25.890±0.253hi | 27.958±0.241i | 30.621±0.383i | |
N3 | 17.121±0.790j | 18.489±0.163k | 21.157±0.271j | 27.354±0.612j | 30.022±0.331j | |
S2 | N0 | 25.723±0.390e | 27.782±0.174e | 32.601±0.442d | 35.871±0.151c | 38.713±0.290d |
N1 | 23.477±0.280g | 27.101±0.256f | 31.834±0.144e | 33.722±0.142e | 38.369±0.154d | |
N2 | 22.884±0.261g | 26.153±0.153g | 30.283±0.143f | 32.434±0.267f | 34.582±0.253g | |
N3 | 18.583±0.244h | 24.520±0.151h | 26.152±0.151i | 30.967±0.289h | 34.322±0.145g | |
S3 | N0 | 31.231±0.925a | 32.428±0.142a | 38.281±0.389a | 40.428±0.190a | 45.507±0.391a |
N1 | 29.419±0.447b | 30.619±0.183b | 36.042±0.256b | 38.109±0.314b | 42.061±0.389b | |
N2 | 28.133±0.262c | 29.942±0.264c | 34.244±0.180c | 37.941±0.182b | 41.456±0.412c | |
N3 | 26.490±0.389d | 28.390±0.282d | 31.309±0.301e | 35.352±0.267d | 37.160±0.381e | |
显著性 Significance (P-value) | 盐处理 Salt treatment (ST) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
氮处理 Nitrogen treatment (NT) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
盐处理×氮处理 ST×NT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
表1 盐胁迫下施加氮素对油菜叶片 MDA 含量的影响
Table 1 Effect of nitrogen application on MDA content of rape leaves under salt stress (nmol·L-1)
盐处理 Salt treatment | 氮处理 Nitrogen treatment | 时间Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 d | 42 d | 49 d | 56 d | 63 d | ||
S0 | N0 | 17.891±0.152i | 23.051±0.165hi | 27.607±0.263h | 30.881±0.248h | 32.773±0.171h |
N1 | 17.632±0.153ij | 21.592±0.177hi | 27.350±0.277h | 28.038±0.169i | 30.622±0.323i | |
N2 | 15.660±0.151k | 18.581±0.522k | 21.419±0.253j | 25.632±0.301k | 29.681±0.257j | |
N3 | 14.191±0.260k | 17.887±0.260k | 18.581±0.149k | 23.137±0.191l | 28.724±0.520k | |
S1 | N0 | 24.521±0.141fg | 26.843±0.262fg | 30.711±0.260f | 31.831±0.290g | 35.613±0.288f |
N1 | 22.968±0.253g | 26.154±0.541g | 28.132±0.438gh | 28.653±0.282i | 34.062±0.301g | |
N2 | 17.463±0.154ij | 19.178±0.152jk | 25.890±0.253hi | 27.958±0.241i | 30.621±0.383i | |
N3 | 17.121±0.790j | 18.489±0.163k | 21.157±0.271j | 27.354±0.612j | 30.022±0.331j | |
S2 | N0 | 25.723±0.390e | 27.782±0.174e | 32.601±0.442d | 35.871±0.151c | 38.713±0.290d |
N1 | 23.477±0.280g | 27.101±0.256f | 31.834±0.144e | 33.722±0.142e | 38.369±0.154d | |
N2 | 22.884±0.261g | 26.153±0.153g | 30.283±0.143f | 32.434±0.267f | 34.582±0.253g | |
N3 | 18.583±0.244h | 24.520±0.151h | 26.152±0.151i | 30.967±0.289h | 34.322±0.145g | |
S3 | N0 | 31.231±0.925a | 32.428±0.142a | 38.281±0.389a | 40.428±0.190a | 45.507±0.391a |
N1 | 29.419±0.447b | 30.619±0.183b | 36.042±0.256b | 38.109±0.314b | 42.061±0.389b | |
N2 | 28.133±0.262c | 29.942±0.264c | 34.244±0.180c | 37.941±0.182b | 41.456±0.412c | |
N3 | 26.490±0.389d | 28.390±0.282d | 31.309±0.301e | 35.352±0.267d | 37.160±0.381e | |
显著性 Significance (P-value) | 盐处理 Salt treatment (ST) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
氮处理 Nitrogen treatment (NT) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
盐处理×氮处理 ST×NT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
盐处理 Salt treatment | 氮处理 Nitrogen treatment | 时间Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 d | 42 d | 49 d | 56 d | 63 d | ||
S0 | N0 | 0.022±0.002f | 0.029±0.004h | 0.037±0.002i | 0.040±0.005h | 0.043±0.001h |
N1 | 0.027±0.001e | 0.038±0.001fh | 0.039±0.001hi | 0.041±0.002h | 0.044±0.001h | |
N2 | 0.035±0.001d | 0.040±0.002ef | 0.041±0.002hi | 0.044±0.001g | 0.047±0.001h | |
N3 | 0.012±0.001g | 0.013±0.001i | 0.019±0.002k | 0.022±0.001i | 0.033±0.003i | |
S1 | N0 | 0.035±0.001d | 0.038±0.003fh | 0.038±0.001hi | 0.046±0.002g | 0.053±0.001g |
N1 | 0.045±0.001c | 0.044±0.001de | 0.054±0.001f | 0.060±0.001e | 0.073±0.001f | |
N2 | 0.046±0.002c | 0.046±0.001d | 0.054±0.002f | 0.062±0.001e | 0.074±0.001f | |
N3 | 0.018±0.002f | 0.020±0.003h | 0.027±0.002j | 0.040±0.001h | 0.046±0.003h | |
S2 | N0 | 0.037±0.001cd | 0.048±0.001d | 0.051±0.001g | 0.060±0.002e | 0.070±0.002f |
N1 | 0.045±0.003c | 0.055±0.002c | 0.059±0.002e | 0.066±0.001d | 0.085±0.002e | |
N2 | 0.047±0.007c | 0.059±0.002b | 0.064±0.001d | 0.070±0.001d | 0.094±0.002d | |
N3 | 0.030±0.001e | 0.037±0.003g | 0.041±0.001h | 0.051±0.001f | 0.055±0.003g | |
S3 | N0 | 0.040±0.006d | 0.061±0.001b | 0.070±0.001c | 0.078±0.001b | 0.104±0.003c |
N1 | 0.054±0.003b | 0.072±0.001a | 0.087±0.001a | 0.117±0.001a | 0.113±0.007b | |
N2 | 0.060±0.001a | 0.077±0.001a | 0.096±0.002b | 0.119±0.002a | 0.133±0.001a | |
N3 | 0.031±0.002e | 0.044±0.002de | 0.054±0.001f | 0.073±0.001c | 0.088±0.002de | |
显著性 Significance (P-value) | 盐处理 Salt treatment (ST) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
氮处理 Nitrogen treatment (NT) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
盐处理×氮处理 ST×NT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
表2 盐胁迫下施加氮素对油菜叶片可溶性糖含量的影响
Table 2 Effect of nitrogen application on soluble sugar content in rape leaves under salt stress (mg·g-1)
盐处理 Salt treatment | 氮处理 Nitrogen treatment | 时间Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 d | 42 d | 49 d | 56 d | 63 d | ||
S0 | N0 | 0.022±0.002f | 0.029±0.004h | 0.037±0.002i | 0.040±0.005h | 0.043±0.001h |
N1 | 0.027±0.001e | 0.038±0.001fh | 0.039±0.001hi | 0.041±0.002h | 0.044±0.001h | |
N2 | 0.035±0.001d | 0.040±0.002ef | 0.041±0.002hi | 0.044±0.001g | 0.047±0.001h | |
N3 | 0.012±0.001g | 0.013±0.001i | 0.019±0.002k | 0.022±0.001i | 0.033±0.003i | |
S1 | N0 | 0.035±0.001d | 0.038±0.003fh | 0.038±0.001hi | 0.046±0.002g | 0.053±0.001g |
N1 | 0.045±0.001c | 0.044±0.001de | 0.054±0.001f | 0.060±0.001e | 0.073±0.001f | |
N2 | 0.046±0.002c | 0.046±0.001d | 0.054±0.002f | 0.062±0.001e | 0.074±0.001f | |
N3 | 0.018±0.002f | 0.020±0.003h | 0.027±0.002j | 0.040±0.001h | 0.046±0.003h | |
S2 | N0 | 0.037±0.001cd | 0.048±0.001d | 0.051±0.001g | 0.060±0.002e | 0.070±0.002f |
N1 | 0.045±0.003c | 0.055±0.002c | 0.059±0.002e | 0.066±0.001d | 0.085±0.002e | |
N2 | 0.047±0.007c | 0.059±0.002b | 0.064±0.001d | 0.070±0.001d | 0.094±0.002d | |
N3 | 0.030±0.001e | 0.037±0.003g | 0.041±0.001h | 0.051±0.001f | 0.055±0.003g | |
S3 | N0 | 0.040±0.006d | 0.061±0.001b | 0.070±0.001c | 0.078±0.001b | 0.104±0.003c |
N1 | 0.054±0.003b | 0.072±0.001a | 0.087±0.001a | 0.117±0.001a | 0.113±0.007b | |
N2 | 0.060±0.001a | 0.077±0.001a | 0.096±0.002b | 0.119±0.002a | 0.133±0.001a | |
N3 | 0.031±0.002e | 0.044±0.002de | 0.054±0.001f | 0.073±0.001c | 0.088±0.002de | |
显著性 Significance (P-value) | 盐处理 Salt treatment (ST) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
氮处理 Nitrogen treatment (NT) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
盐处理×氮处理 ST×NT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
盐处理 Salt treatment | 氮处理 Nitrogen treatment | 时间Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 d | 42 d | 49 d | 56 d | 63 d | ||
S0 | N0 | 2097.011±24.303j | 2134.320±33.602i | 2198.442±22.945i | 2434.641±17.993f | 2478.584±13.414f |
N1 | 2130.500±21.031i | 2258.967±3.391h | 2603.767±26.745e | 2516.472±2.990e | 2815.062±36.643d | |
N2 | 2470.672±17.356e | 2653.374±22.863c | 2745.623±10.441d | 2826.061±8.911c | 2918.641±32.022c | |
N3 | 2632.103±10.401b | 2754.473±39.420b | 2845.552±16.334c | 2933.710±34.032ab | 3081.473±18.140b | |
S1 | N0 | 2199.833±3.734h | 2408.210±15.764f | 2418.062±26.691f | 2693.854±6.978d | 2758.140±6.201e |
N1 | 2307.592±15.562f | 2545.956±12.613d | 2719.301±20.678d | 2707.345±3.260d | 2932.578±12.432c | |
N2 | 2552.756±34.445d | 2740.245±32.210b | 2878.470±27.352b | 2907.653±18.901b | 3067.011±16.245b | |
N3 | 2832.144±6.889a | 2837.783±8.656a | 2925.583±7.541a | 2955.478±18.354a | 3145.642±26.413a | |
S2 | N0 | 2060.332±26.132k | 1996.351±9.331k | 1834.745±8.042m | 1667.672±22.967l | 1612.423±10.290k |
N1 | 2095.667±7.845j | 2048.214±28.354j | 2008.452±5.050j | 1893.811±1.443j | 1837.656±21.101j | |
N2 | 2271.021±5.201g | 2276.245±24.856gh | 2241.467±24.445h | 2162.842±16.589i | 2145.111±28.567h | |
N3 | 2591.210±7.744c | 2485.380±4.534e | 2394.178±4.978f | 2389.256±9.033g | 2360.102±34.732g | |
S3 | N0 | 2000.044±1.880m | 1877.521±14.978m | 1436.592±25.004n | 1397.871±16.271m | 1397.489±4.845l |
N1 | 2033.690±26.022l | 1933.322±8.732l | 1867.090±12.951l | 1725.289±3.090k | 1615.522±6.154k | |
N2 | 2068.202±28.289k | 1980.463±19.433k | 1925.084±21.024k | 1920.812±27.178j | 1912.501±8.544i | |
N3 | 2552.644±4.967d | 2301.641±21.582g | 2295.478±4.643g | 2235.544±22.131h | 2119.289±43.356h | |
显著性 Significance (P-value) | 盐处理 Salt treatment (ST) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
氮处理 Nitrogen treatment (NT) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
盐处理×氮处理 ST×NT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
表3 盐胁迫下施加氮素对油菜叶片叶绿素含量的影响
Table 3 Effect of nitrogen application on chlorophyll content of rape leaves under salt stress (μg·g-1)
盐处理 Salt treatment | 氮处理 Nitrogen treatment | 时间Time | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
35 d | 42 d | 49 d | 56 d | 63 d | ||
S0 | N0 | 2097.011±24.303j | 2134.320±33.602i | 2198.442±22.945i | 2434.641±17.993f | 2478.584±13.414f |
N1 | 2130.500±21.031i | 2258.967±3.391h | 2603.767±26.745e | 2516.472±2.990e | 2815.062±36.643d | |
N2 | 2470.672±17.356e | 2653.374±22.863c | 2745.623±10.441d | 2826.061±8.911c | 2918.641±32.022c | |
N3 | 2632.103±10.401b | 2754.473±39.420b | 2845.552±16.334c | 2933.710±34.032ab | 3081.473±18.140b | |
S1 | N0 | 2199.833±3.734h | 2408.210±15.764f | 2418.062±26.691f | 2693.854±6.978d | 2758.140±6.201e |
N1 | 2307.592±15.562f | 2545.956±12.613d | 2719.301±20.678d | 2707.345±3.260d | 2932.578±12.432c | |
N2 | 2552.756±34.445d | 2740.245±32.210b | 2878.470±27.352b | 2907.653±18.901b | 3067.011±16.245b | |
N3 | 2832.144±6.889a | 2837.783±8.656a | 2925.583±7.541a | 2955.478±18.354a | 3145.642±26.413a | |
S2 | N0 | 2060.332±26.132k | 1996.351±9.331k | 1834.745±8.042m | 1667.672±22.967l | 1612.423±10.290k |
N1 | 2095.667±7.845j | 2048.214±28.354j | 2008.452±5.050j | 1893.811±1.443j | 1837.656±21.101j | |
N2 | 2271.021±5.201g | 2276.245±24.856gh | 2241.467±24.445h | 2162.842±16.589i | 2145.111±28.567h | |
N3 | 2591.210±7.744c | 2485.380±4.534e | 2394.178±4.978f | 2389.256±9.033g | 2360.102±34.732g | |
S3 | N0 | 2000.044±1.880m | 1877.521±14.978m | 1436.592±25.004n | 1397.871±16.271m | 1397.489±4.845l |
N1 | 2033.690±26.022l | 1933.322±8.732l | 1867.090±12.951l | 1725.289±3.090k | 1615.522±6.154k | |
N2 | 2068.202±28.289k | 1980.463±19.433k | 1925.084±21.024k | 1920.812±27.178j | 1912.501±8.544i | |
N3 | 2552.644±4.967d | 2301.641±21.582g | 2295.478±4.643g | 2235.544±22.131h | 2119.289±43.356h | |
显著性 Significance (P-value) | 盐处理 Salt treatment (ST) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
氮处理 Nitrogen treatment (NT) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
盐处理×氮处理 ST×NT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
图4 不同时期盐胁迫下施加氮素后各指标和处理主成分分析A、B、C、D、E分别代表第35、42、49、56、63天,PC1代表盐分,PC2代表氮素。下同。A, B, C, D and E represent 35, 42, 49, 56 and 63 days, respectively, PC1 stands for salt, PC2 for nitrogen. The same below.
Fig.4 PCA of various indexes and treatments after applying nitrogen under salt stress at different periods
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