草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 151-164.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025326
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
张博鸿(
), 马祥, 琚泽亮, 段连学, 王小军, 贾志锋(
)
收稿日期:2025-08-14
修回日期:2025-09-29
出版日期:2026-07-20
发布日期:2026-05-21
通讯作者:
贾志锋
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: jzhfeng@163.com基金资助:
Bo-hong ZHANG(
), Xiang MA, Ze-liang JU, Lian-xue DUAN, Xiao-jun WANG, Zhi-feng JIA(
)
Received:2025-08-14
Revised:2025-09-29
Online:2026-07-20
Published:2026-05-21
Contact:
Zhi-feng JIA
摘要:
青藏高原地区气候严酷,天然牧草初级生产力低,人工草地建植已成为缓解草畜矛盾的重要途径。然而,当前人工草地存在品种适应性差、种质单一等问题,难以满足畜牧业发展需求,亟需筛选出适宜高寒生态区人工种植的优质高产饲用燕麦品种。本研究在不同的生态条件下,对48份燕麦种质资源的农艺性状、饲草产量、营养品质以及光合生理参数进行测定,采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和TOPSIS-多准则决策模型进行遗传多样性分析和综合评价。结果表明:供试材料遗传多样性丰富,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.77~2.08;结构方程模型揭示基因型和株高是影响相对饲喂价值的关键因子,总效应值分别为0.506和-0.617;区域适应性方面,青永久178、257和226在湟中区表现出优良的综合性状;青永久486、051和465在贵南县整体表现较佳;此外,青永久160、458和085在两个生态条件下均位居前列,表现出较强的适应广度。综上所述,本研究筛选到的燕麦种质可为青藏高原等高寒牧区培育优异燕麦品种提供重要材料。
张博鸿, 马祥, 琚泽亮, 段连学, 王小军, 贾志锋. 不同生态条件下燕麦种质资源遗传多样性分析与综合评价[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(7): 151-164.
Bo-hong ZHANG, Xiang MA, Ze-liang JU, Lian-xue DUAN, Xiao-jun WANG, Zhi-feng JIA. Genetic diversity analysis and multi-trait evaluation of oat germplasm under different ecological conditions[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(7): 151-164.
编号 Code | 种质资源 Germplasm resources | 来源 Origin | 编号 Code | 种质资源 Germplasm resources | 来源 Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 青永久471 Qingyongjiu 471 | 加拿大Canada | 25 | 青永久023 Qingyongjiu 023 | 苏联Soviet Union |
| 2 | 青永久465 Qingyongjiu 465 | 瑞典Sweden | 26 | 青永久027 Qingyongjiu 027 | 苏联Soviet Union |
| 3 | 青永久458 Qingyongjiu 458 | 瑞典Sweden | 27 | 青永久062 Qingyongjiu 062 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 4 | 青永久488 Qingyongjiu 488 | 法国France | 28 | 青永久064 Qingyongjiu 064 | 苏联Soviet Union |
| 5 | 青永久085 Qingyongjiu 085 | 瑞士Switzerland | 29 | 青永久097 Qingyongjiu 097 | 瑞典Sweden |
| 6 | 青永久084 Qingyongjiu 084 | 德国Germany | 30 | 青永久160 Qingyongjiu 160 | 丹麦Denmark |
| 7 | 张燕1号 Zhangyan 1 | 中国China | 31 | 青永久479 Qingyongjiu 479 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 8 | 西藏白郎 Xizangbailang | 中国China | 32 | 青永久480 Qingyongjiu 480 | 维多利亚Victoria |
| 9 | 青永久045 Qingyongjiu 045 | 加拿大Canada | 33 | 青永久486 Qingyongjiu 486 | 瑞典Sweden |
| 10 | 青永久051 Qingyongjiu 051 | 德国Germany | 34 | 青永久482 Qingyongjiu 482 | 澳大利亚Australia |
| 11 | 青永久080 Qingyongjiu 080 | 匈牙利Hungary | 35 | 青永久092 Qingyongjiu 092 | 匈牙利Hungary |
| 12 | 青永久083 Qingyongjiu 083 | 德国Germany | 36 | 青永久090 Qingyongjiu 090 | 瑞士Switzerland |
| 13 | 青永久257 Qingyongjiu 257 | 丹麦Denmark | 37 | 青永久061 Qingyongjiu 061 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 14 | 青永久326 Qingyongjiu 326 | 丹麦Denmark | 38 | 青永久060 Qingyongjiu 060 | 保加利亚Bulgaria |
| 15 | 青永久476 Qingyongjiu 476 | 日本Japan | 39 | 青燕5号 Qingyan 5 | 中国China |
| 16 | 青永久475 Qingyongjiu 475 | 荷兰Netherlands | 40 | 蒙古燕麦 Menggu oat | 中国China |
| 17 | 青永久477 Qingyongjiu 477 | 日本Japan | 41 | 巴燕5号 Bayan 5 | 中国China |
| 18 | 青永久478 Qingyongjiu 478 | 日本Japan | 42 | 高寒7号 Gaohan 7 | 中国China |
| 19 | 青永久226 Qingyongjiu 226 | 丹麦Denmark | 43 | 青永久052 Qingyongjiu 052 | 匈牙利Hungary |
| 20 | 青永久178 Qingyongjiu 178 | 丹麦Denmark | 44 | 青永久055 Qingyongjiu 055 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 21 | 青永久073 Qingyongjiu 073 | 匈牙利Hungary | 45 | 青永久057 Qingyongjiu 057 | 蒙古Mongolia |
| 22 | 青永久066 Qingyongjiu 066 | 匈牙利Hungary | 46 | 青永久059 Qingyongjiu 059 | 保加利亚Bulgaria |
| 23 | 青永久037 Qingyongjiu 037 | 加拿大Canada | 47 | 青永久489 Qingyongjiu 489 | 法国France |
| 24 | 青永久029 Qingyongjiu 029 | 加拿大Canada | 48 | 青永久089 Qingyongjiu 089 | 苏联Soviet Union |
表1 参试种质资源名称及来源
Table 1 Names and sources of the tested germplasm resources
编号 Code | 种质资源 Germplasm resources | 来源 Origin | 编号 Code | 种质资源 Germplasm resources | 来源 Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 青永久471 Qingyongjiu 471 | 加拿大Canada | 25 | 青永久023 Qingyongjiu 023 | 苏联Soviet Union |
| 2 | 青永久465 Qingyongjiu 465 | 瑞典Sweden | 26 | 青永久027 Qingyongjiu 027 | 苏联Soviet Union |
| 3 | 青永久458 Qingyongjiu 458 | 瑞典Sweden | 27 | 青永久062 Qingyongjiu 062 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 4 | 青永久488 Qingyongjiu 488 | 法国France | 28 | 青永久064 Qingyongjiu 064 | 苏联Soviet Union |
| 5 | 青永久085 Qingyongjiu 085 | 瑞士Switzerland | 29 | 青永久097 Qingyongjiu 097 | 瑞典Sweden |
| 6 | 青永久084 Qingyongjiu 084 | 德国Germany | 30 | 青永久160 Qingyongjiu 160 | 丹麦Denmark |
| 7 | 张燕1号 Zhangyan 1 | 中国China | 31 | 青永久479 Qingyongjiu 479 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 8 | 西藏白郎 Xizangbailang | 中国China | 32 | 青永久480 Qingyongjiu 480 | 维多利亚Victoria |
| 9 | 青永久045 Qingyongjiu 045 | 加拿大Canada | 33 | 青永久486 Qingyongjiu 486 | 瑞典Sweden |
| 10 | 青永久051 Qingyongjiu 051 | 德国Germany | 34 | 青永久482 Qingyongjiu 482 | 澳大利亚Australia |
| 11 | 青永久080 Qingyongjiu 080 | 匈牙利Hungary | 35 | 青永久092 Qingyongjiu 092 | 匈牙利Hungary |
| 12 | 青永久083 Qingyongjiu 083 | 德国Germany | 36 | 青永久090 Qingyongjiu 090 | 瑞士Switzerland |
| 13 | 青永久257 Qingyongjiu 257 | 丹麦Denmark | 37 | 青永久061 Qingyongjiu 061 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 14 | 青永久326 Qingyongjiu 326 | 丹麦Denmark | 38 | 青永久060 Qingyongjiu 060 | 保加利亚Bulgaria |
| 15 | 青永久476 Qingyongjiu 476 | 日本Japan | 39 | 青燕5号 Qingyan 5 | 中国China |
| 16 | 青永久475 Qingyongjiu 475 | 荷兰Netherlands | 40 | 蒙古燕麦 Menggu oat | 中国China |
| 17 | 青永久477 Qingyongjiu 477 | 日本Japan | 41 | 巴燕5号 Bayan 5 | 中国China |
| 18 | 青永久478 Qingyongjiu 478 | 日本Japan | 42 | 高寒7号 Gaohan 7 | 中国China |
| 19 | 青永久226 Qingyongjiu 226 | 丹麦Denmark | 43 | 青永久052 Qingyongjiu 052 | 匈牙利Hungary |
| 20 | 青永久178 Qingyongjiu 178 | 丹麦Denmark | 44 | 青永久055 Qingyongjiu 055 | 罗马尼亚Romania |
| 21 | 青永久073 Qingyongjiu 073 | 匈牙利Hungary | 45 | 青永久057 Qingyongjiu 057 | 蒙古Mongolia |
| 22 | 青永久066 Qingyongjiu 066 | 匈牙利Hungary | 46 | 青永久059 Qingyongjiu 059 | 保加利亚Bulgaria |
| 23 | 青永久037 Qingyongjiu 037 | 加拿大Canada | 47 | 青永久489 Qingyongjiu 489 | 法国France |
| 24 | 青永久029 Qingyongjiu 029 | 加拿大Canada | 48 | 青永久089 Qingyongjiu 089 | 苏联Soviet Union |
试验地 Experimental site | 年平均气温Mean annual temperature (℃) | 年平均降水量Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 年蒸发量 Annual evaporation (mm) | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total potassium (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 速效磷Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 湟中Huangzhong | 5.5 | 483 | 1180 | 34.2 | 2.21 | 0.87 | 23.46 | 119 | 19 | 260.00 |
| 贵南Guinan | 2.3 | 404 | 1379 | 37.1 | 2.46 | 0.60 | 21.46 | 137 | 9 | 114.67 |
表2 试验地土壤与气候属性
Table 2 Soil and climatic properties of the experimental site
试验地 Experimental site | 年平均气温Mean annual temperature (℃) | 年平均降水量Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 年蒸发量 Annual evaporation (mm) | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total potassium (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 速效磷Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 湟中Huangzhong | 5.5 | 483 | 1180 | 34.2 | 2.21 | 0.87 | 23.46 | 119 | 19 | 260.00 |
| 贵南Guinan | 2.3 | 404 | 1379 | 37.1 | 2.46 | 0.60 | 21.46 | 137 | 9 | 114.67 |
| 性状Trait | 平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation (SD) | 变幅 Range | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (CV, %) | 多样性指数Shannon-Wiener index (H') |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 株高Plant height (PH, cm) | 147.88±24.42 | 62.00~195.00 | 16.51 | 1.91 |
| 茎粗Stem diameter (SD, mm) | 4.83±1.02 | 2.35~7.00 | 21.06 | 2.08 |
| 叶面积Leaf area (LA, cm2) | 27.18±8.93 | 7.00~48.15 | 32.86 | 2.07 |
| 鲜重Fresh weight (FW, kg·hm-2) | 29185.69±11514.59 | 9960.00~62400.00 | 39.45 | 1.97 |
| 干重Dry weight (DW, kg·hm-2) | 10058.53±3224.10 | 4765.50~19561.60 | 32.05 | 1.95 |
| 粗灰分Crude ash (Ash, %DM) | 7.06±1.53 | 4.33~11.50 | 21.70 | 2.04 |
| 粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 7.78±1.29 | 5.15~13.90 | 16.65 | 1.99 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 40.92±3.96 | 28.00~49.50 | 9.67 | 2.02 |
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 62.07±4.52 | 48.00~73.00 | 7.29 | 2.01 |
| 相对饲喂价值Relative feed value (RFV) | 66.89±8.96 | 50.07~100.79 | 13.40 | 1.94 |
| 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate (Pn, μmol·m-2·s-1) | 14.04±4.07 | 4.44~28.92 | 28.98 | 2.07 |
| 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate (Tr, mmol·m-2·s-1) | 5.90±3.05 | 0.81~14.93 | 51.68 | 2.04 |
| 胞间CO2浓度Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci, μmol·mol-1) | 249.69±49.75 | 62.70~338.09 | 19.93 | 1.97 |
| 气孔导度Stomatal conductance (Gs, mmol·m-2·s-1) | 0.22±0.12 | 0.04~0.67 | 55.30 | 1.91 |
| 叶片固有水分利用效率Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEintr, μmol·mol-1) | 77.57±33.00 | 23.43~202.06 | 42.54 | 1.94 |
| 瞬时水分利用效率Instantanous water use efficiency (WUEinst, μmol·mmol-1) | 3.00±1.62 | 0.97~10.52 | 54.03 | 1.77 |
| 瞬时羧化效率Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CE, mol·m-2·s-1) | 0.06±0.02 | 0.01~0.20 | 37.23 | 1.92 |
表3 48份燕麦种质资源多样性统计分析
Table 3 Genetic diversity statistics of 48 oat germplasm resources
| 性状Trait | 平均值±标准差 Mean±standard deviation (SD) | 变幅 Range | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (CV, %) | 多样性指数Shannon-Wiener index (H') |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 株高Plant height (PH, cm) | 147.88±24.42 | 62.00~195.00 | 16.51 | 1.91 |
| 茎粗Stem diameter (SD, mm) | 4.83±1.02 | 2.35~7.00 | 21.06 | 2.08 |
| 叶面积Leaf area (LA, cm2) | 27.18±8.93 | 7.00~48.15 | 32.86 | 2.07 |
| 鲜重Fresh weight (FW, kg·hm-2) | 29185.69±11514.59 | 9960.00~62400.00 | 39.45 | 1.97 |
| 干重Dry weight (DW, kg·hm-2) | 10058.53±3224.10 | 4765.50~19561.60 | 32.05 | 1.95 |
| 粗灰分Crude ash (Ash, %DM) | 7.06±1.53 | 4.33~11.50 | 21.70 | 2.04 |
| 粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 7.78±1.29 | 5.15~13.90 | 16.65 | 1.99 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 40.92±3.96 | 28.00~49.50 | 9.67 | 2.02 |
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 62.07±4.52 | 48.00~73.00 | 7.29 | 2.01 |
| 相对饲喂价值Relative feed value (RFV) | 66.89±8.96 | 50.07~100.79 | 13.40 | 1.94 |
| 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate (Pn, μmol·m-2·s-1) | 14.04±4.07 | 4.44~28.92 | 28.98 | 2.07 |
| 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate (Tr, mmol·m-2·s-1) | 5.90±3.05 | 0.81~14.93 | 51.68 | 2.04 |
| 胞间CO2浓度Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci, μmol·mol-1) | 249.69±49.75 | 62.70~338.09 | 19.93 | 1.97 |
| 气孔导度Stomatal conductance (Gs, mmol·m-2·s-1) | 0.22±0.12 | 0.04~0.67 | 55.30 | 1.91 |
| 叶片固有水分利用效率Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEintr, μmol·mol-1) | 77.57±33.00 | 23.43~202.06 | 42.54 | 1.94 |
| 瞬时水分利用效率Instantanous water use efficiency (WUEinst, μmol·mmol-1) | 3.00±1.62 | 0.97~10.52 | 54.03 | 1.77 |
| 瞬时羧化效率Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CE, mol·m-2·s-1) | 0.06±0.02 | 0.01~0.20 | 37.23 | 1.92 |
| 性状Trait | 变异来源Variance sources | F | P | 性状Trait | 变异来源Variance sources | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 株高Plant height (PH) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 290.87 | 0.00 | 相对饲喂价值Relative feed value (RFV) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 33.59 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 1211.13 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 54.73 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 81.72 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 14.93 | 0.00 | ||
| 茎粗Stem diameter (SD) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 293.61 | 0.00 | 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate (A) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 4.78 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 18786.96 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 12.56 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 132.80 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 4.57 | 0.00 | ||
| 叶面积Leaf area (LA) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 25.89 | 0.00 | 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate (E) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 5.24 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 896.05 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 511.26 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 18.01 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 6.48 | 0.00 | ||
| 鲜重Fresh weight (FW) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 345.16 | 0.00 | 胞间CO2浓度Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 3.76 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 4593.52 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 93.20 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 333.99 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 3.55 | 0.00 | ||
| 干重Dry weight (DW) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 154.38 | 0.00 | 气孔导度Stomatal conductance (Gs) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 5.27 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 5997.95 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 192.88 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 192.60 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 5.23 | 0.00 | ||
| 粗灰分Crude ash (Ash) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 125.49 | 0.00 | 叶片固有水分利用效率Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEintr) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 3.51 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 2685.67 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 181.19 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 208.94 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 3.72 | 0.00 | ||
| 粗蛋白Crude protein (CP) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 118.25 | 0.00 | 瞬时水分利用效率Instantanous water use efficiency (WUEinst) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 4.78 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 335.79 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 378.52 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 145.51 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 4.95 | 0.00 | ||
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 26.96 | 0.00 | 瞬时羧化效率Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CE) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 3.09 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 61.85 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 13.11 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 14.37 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 2.56 | 0.00 | ||
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 29.92 | 0.00 | ||||
| 环境Environment (E) | 25.61 | 0.00 | |||||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 13.35 | 0.00 |
表4 基因型与环境的互作效应分析
Table 4 Analysis of the interaction effects between genotype and environment
| 性状Trait | 变异来源Variance sources | F | P | 性状Trait | 变异来源Variance sources | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 株高Plant height (PH) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 290.87 | 0.00 | 相对饲喂价值Relative feed value (RFV) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 33.59 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 1211.13 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 54.73 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 81.72 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 14.93 | 0.00 | ||
| 茎粗Stem diameter (SD) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 293.61 | 0.00 | 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate (A) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 4.78 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 18786.96 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 12.56 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 132.80 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 4.57 | 0.00 | ||
| 叶面积Leaf area (LA) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 25.89 | 0.00 | 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate (E) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 5.24 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 896.05 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 511.26 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 18.01 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 6.48 | 0.00 | ||
| 鲜重Fresh weight (FW) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 345.16 | 0.00 | 胞间CO2浓度Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 3.76 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 4593.52 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 93.20 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 333.99 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 3.55 | 0.00 | ||
| 干重Dry weight (DW) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 154.38 | 0.00 | 气孔导度Stomatal conductance (Gs) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 5.27 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 5997.95 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 192.88 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 192.60 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 5.23 | 0.00 | ||
| 粗灰分Crude ash (Ash) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 125.49 | 0.00 | 叶片固有水分利用效率Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEintr) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 3.51 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 2685.67 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 181.19 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 208.94 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 3.72 | 0.00 | ||
| 粗蛋白Crude protein (CP) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 118.25 | 0.00 | 瞬时水分利用效率Instantanous water use efficiency (WUEinst) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 4.78 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 335.79 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 378.52 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 145.51 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 4.95 | 0.00 | ||
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 26.96 | 0.00 | 瞬时羧化效率Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CE) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 3.09 | 0.00 |
| 环境Environment (E) | 61.85 | 0.00 | 环境Environment (E) | 13.11 | 0.00 | ||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 14.37 | 0.00 | 基因型×环境G×E | 2.56 | 0.00 | ||
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 基因型Genotype (G) | 29.92 | 0.00 | ||||
| 环境Environment (E) | 25.61 | 0.00 | |||||
| 基因型×环境G×E | 13.35 | 0.00 |
图1 草产量、营养品质与农艺性状、光合参数间的相关性PH: 株高Plant height; SD: 茎粗Stem diameter; LA: 叶面积Leaf area; A: 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate; E: 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate; Ci: 胞间CO2浓度Intercellular CO2 concentration; Gs: 气孔导度Stomatal conductance; WUEintr: 叶片固有水分利用效率Intrinsic water use efficiency; WUEinst: 瞬时水分利用效率Instantanous water use efficiency; CE: 瞬时羧化效率Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. 下同The same below.
Fig.1 Correlation among forage yield, nutritional quality, agronomic traits, and photosynthetic parameters
性状 Trait | 贵南Guinan | 湟中Huangzhong | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均值±标准差Mean±standard deviation (SD) | 变异系数Coefficient of variation (CV, %) | 平均值±标准差Mean±standard deviation (SD) | 变异系数Coefficient of variation (CV, %) | |
| PH (cm) | 154.05±19.19 | 12.46 | 141.71±27.42 | 19.35 |
| SD (mm) | 5.53±0.77 | 13.87 | 4.12±0.70 | 16.92 |
| LA (cm2) | 31.94±7.06 | 22.11 | 22.43±8.05 | 35.88 |
| FW (kg·hm-2) | 33252.00±11314.29 | 34.03 | 25119.38±10236.44 | 40.75 |
| DW (kg·hm-2) | 11720.34±3100.47 | 26.45 | 8396.72±2384.87 | 28.40 |
| Ash (%DM) | 6.48±1.10 | 16.97 | 7.64±1.68 | 21.98 |
| CP (%DM) | 7.99±1.36 | 17.01 | 7.57±1.20 | 15.81 |
| ADF (%DM) | 40.26±4.12 | 10.23 | 41.59±3.68 | 8.86 |
| NDF (%DM) | 61.59±5.15 | 8.36 | 62.55±3.75 | 5.99 |
| RFV | 68.20±10.17 | 14.92 | 65.57±7.36 | 11.23 |
| Pn (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 13.47±4.29 | 31.81 | 14.61±3.77 | 25.80 |
| Tr (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 3.96±1.93 | 48.78 | 7.85±2.71 | 34.51 |
| Ci (μmol·mol-1) | 230.56±53.11 | 23.03 | 268.81±37.56 | 13.97 |
| Gs (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 0.16±0.08 | 50.56 | 0.28±0.13 | 46.23 |
| WUEintr (μmol·mol-1) | 94.18±33.40 | 35.46 | 60.96±22.68 | 37.21 |
| WUEinst (μmol·mmol-1) | 3.98±1.69 | 42.47 | 2.02±0.69 | 33.99 |
| CE (mol·m-2·s-1) | 0.06±0.03 | 42.58 | 0.06±0.02 | 27.36 |
表5 各性状在不同环境中的变异
Table 5 Trait variation across different environments
性状 Trait | 贵南Guinan | 湟中Huangzhong | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均值±标准差Mean±standard deviation (SD) | 变异系数Coefficient of variation (CV, %) | 平均值±标准差Mean±standard deviation (SD) | 变异系数Coefficient of variation (CV, %) | |
| PH (cm) | 154.05±19.19 | 12.46 | 141.71±27.42 | 19.35 |
| SD (mm) | 5.53±0.77 | 13.87 | 4.12±0.70 | 16.92 |
| LA (cm2) | 31.94±7.06 | 22.11 | 22.43±8.05 | 35.88 |
| FW (kg·hm-2) | 33252.00±11314.29 | 34.03 | 25119.38±10236.44 | 40.75 |
| DW (kg·hm-2) | 11720.34±3100.47 | 26.45 | 8396.72±2384.87 | 28.40 |
| Ash (%DM) | 6.48±1.10 | 16.97 | 7.64±1.68 | 21.98 |
| CP (%DM) | 7.99±1.36 | 17.01 | 7.57±1.20 | 15.81 |
| ADF (%DM) | 40.26±4.12 | 10.23 | 41.59±3.68 | 8.86 |
| NDF (%DM) | 61.59±5.15 | 8.36 | 62.55±3.75 | 5.99 |
| RFV | 68.20±10.17 | 14.92 | 65.57±7.36 | 11.23 |
| Pn (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 13.47±4.29 | 31.81 | 14.61±3.77 | 25.80 |
| Tr (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 3.96±1.93 | 48.78 | 7.85±2.71 | 34.51 |
| Ci (μmol·mol-1) | 230.56±53.11 | 23.03 | 268.81±37.56 | 13.97 |
| Gs (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 0.16±0.08 | 50.56 | 0.28±0.13 | 46.23 |
| WUEintr (μmol·mol-1) | 94.18±33.40 | 35.46 | 60.96±22.68 | 37.21 |
| WUEinst (μmol·mmol-1) | 3.98±1.69 | 42.47 | 2.02±0.69 | 33.99 |
| CE (mol·m-2·s-1) | 0.06±0.03 | 42.58 | 0.06±0.02 | 27.36 |
图2 48份燕麦种质聚类分析编号1~48分别代表48份燕麦种质,具体同表1。图a和b分别对应湟中区和贵南县,不同颜色区域表示不同的类群。Code 1-48 respectively represent 48 oat germplasms, as detailed in Table 1. Figures a and b represent Huangzhong and Guinan, respectively, with different colors denoting distinct clusters. 下同The same below.
Fig.2 Cluster analysis of 48 oat germplasm
图5 相对饲喂价值与农艺性状、光合参数的随机森林模型均方误差的百分比增加代表了主要预测因子的重要性。*表示在0.05水平上差异显著,**表示在0.01水平上差异显著,ns代表无显著性差异,下同。The percentage increase in mean squared error (MSE) represents the importance of predictive variables. *: P<0.05, **: P<0.01, ns indicates no significant difference. The same below.
Fig.5 Random forest model linking relative feed value (RFV) to agronomic traits and photosynthetic parameters
图6 结构方程模型分析基因型与环境对燕麦相对饲喂价值的影响路径及各变量标准化效应值G: 基因型Genotype; E: 环境Environment; G×E: 基因型×环境Genotype×environment; CE: 瞬时羧化效率Instantaneous carboxylation efficiency; SD: 茎粗Stem diameter; Tr: 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate; FFY: 鲜草产量Fresh forage yield; RFV: 相对饲喂价值Relative feed value. 图中蓝色箭头和红色箭头分别表示变量之间显著的正向和负向路径,数值为标准化路径系数。***表示在0.001水平上差异显著。Blue arrows denote significant positive paths, red arrows denote significant negative paths. Values indicate standardized path coefficients value. ***: P<0.001.
Fig.6 Structural equation modeling of the pathways and standardized effects of genotype and environment on relative feed value (RFV) in oat
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