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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 76-88.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023353

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

10种紫花苜蓿在低温胁迫下的生理特性及耐寒性评价

王敏1(), 李莉2, 贾蓉3, 包爱科1()   

  1. 1.兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.新疆畜牧科学院草业研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
    3.中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司,北京 102209
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-20 修回日期:2023-11-06 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 包爱科
  • 作者简介:E-mail: baoaik@lzu.edu.cn
    王敏(1997-),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士。E-mail: 1115034295@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(22ZD6NA007);国家自然科学基金(31971761);华能集团总部科技项目(HNKJ21-H76);甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR5RA241)

Evaluation of physiological characteristics and cold resistance of 10 alfalfa varieties under low temperature stress

Min WANG1(), Li LI2, Rong JIA3, Ai-ke BAO1()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.Institute of Grassland,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Urumqi 830000,China
    3.China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Technology Research Institute Co. ,LTD,Beijing 102209,China
  • Received:2023-09-20 Revised:2023-11-06 Online:2024-06-20 Published:2024-03-20
  • Contact: Ai-ke BAO

摘要:

为了明确紫花苜蓿在低温胁迫下的生理特性并筛选出具有高耐寒能力的品种,选取了来自不同地区的10个紫花苜蓿品种作为试验材料,通过测定其幼苗在4 °C低温胁迫下的12项生理指标,结合相关性分析、主成分分析和隶属函数评价方法,对其耐寒能力进行了评价;同时,采用半致死温度(LT50)对评估出的耐寒能力进行验证。结果表明:1)在4 °C低温胁迫下,10个紫花苜蓿品种的叶片蒸腾速率(Tr)较对照组均有不同程度的下降,而相对电导率(REC)、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均呈现出不同程度的增加趋势;2)隶属函数评价结果显示耐寒能力为龙牧801>肇东>Bara 520 YQ>公农1号>佰苜401>敖汉>挑战者>东农1号>骑士>新牧4号。各品种叶片的半致死温度(LT50)揭示,龙牧801和新牧4号分别是LT50值最低和最高的品种,与隶属函数的评价结果吻合;3)紫花苜蓿苗期耐寒性综合评价值(D)=0.138+0.178×SP+0.203×POD+0.170×Pro,表明SP、POD和Pro是评估紫花苜蓿幼苗耐寒性的关键生理指标。上述研究结果为深入了解紫花苜蓿幼苗的低温适应机制及耐寒紫花苜蓿品种的筛选奠定了基础。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 耐寒性, 低温胁迫, 综合评价

Abstract:

This research elucidated the physiological responses of 10 alfalfa (Medicago sativa) varieties from diverse regions to low temperature stress in order to identify highly cold-resistant varieties. Twelve physiological indexes of the alfalfa seedlings were measured under low temperature conditions of 4 °C, and the cold tolerance was assessed using correlation analysis, principal component analysis and membership function evaluation methods. Simultaneously, the cold resistance of the 10 alfalfa varieties was verified by a semi-lethal temperature (LT50). The key findings were: 1) Under a low temperature of 4 °C, the leaf transpiration rate of the 10 alfalfa varieties exhibited varying degrees of reduction compared to the control group. Decreased transpiration was accompanied by an increase in relative conductivity, as well as in the levels of proline (Pro), soluble sugar, soluble protein (SP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity. 2) The multivariate cold tolerance ranking of the 10 alfalfa varieties using the membership function method was as follows: Longmu 801 (highest)>Zhaodong>Bara 520 YQ>Gongnong 1>Baimu 401>Aohan>Challenger>Dongnong 1>Knights and finally, Xinmu 4. Further measurement of the LT50 for the leaves of each variety confirmed that Longmu 801 and Xinmu 4 were the varieties with the lowest and highest LT50 values respectively, thus corroborating the result of the membership function evaluation. 3) Regression analysis was used to establish an evaluation model for the cold resistance of alfalfa seedlings, and its multiple-parameter evaluation value (D) was: 0.138+0.178×SP+0.203×POD+0.170×Pro, highlighting SP, POD, and Pro as pivotal physiological indicators of cold resistance in alfalfa seedlings. Overall, this research provides fundamental insights into the mechanism of low-temperature adaptation in alfalfa seedlings and will facilitate the selection of cold-resistant alfalfa varieties.

Key words: alfalfa, cold resistance, low temperature stress, comprehensive evaluation