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草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 65-77.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024378

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

结球甘蓝叶对3种作物芽期与苗期生长的化感效应

赵聪1,2,3,4(), 吴文慧5, 王娟玲2(), 梁改梅1,2,3,4,5(), 李娜娜1,2,3,4,5, 黄学芳1,2,3,4   

  1. 1.山西农业大学山西有机旱作农业研究院,山西 太原 030031
    2.农业农村部有机旱作农业重点实验室(部省共建),山西 太原 030031
    3.有机旱作农业山西省重点实验室,山西 太原 030031
    4.国家农业环境晋中观测实验站,山西 太原 030031
    5.山西农业大学农学院,山西 太原 030031
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-27 修回日期:2024-10-31 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 王娟玲,梁改梅
  • 作者简介:Juanling_Wang@sxau.edu.cn
    E-mail: lgaimei@sxau.edu.cn
    赵聪(1984-),女,山东禹城人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: zhaocong502@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2022L103);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901101-01);山西省科技重大专项计划项目(202101140601);山西省自然科学基金项目(202303021211096)

Allelopathic effects of cabbage leaf on germination and seedling stages of three crops

Cong ZHAO1,2,3,4(), Wen-hui WU5, Juan-ling WANG2(), Gai-mei LIANG1,2,3,4,5(), Na-na LI1,2,3,4,5, Xue-fang HUANG1,2,3,4   

  1. 1.Shanxi Institute of Organic Dryland Farming,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-construction by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Shanxi Province),Taiyuan 030031,China
    3.Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture,Taiyuan 030031,China
    4.National Agricultural Environment Observation and Experimental Station in Jinzhong,Taiyuan 030031,China
    5.College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China
  • Received:2024-09-27 Revised:2024-10-31 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-07-02
  • Contact: Juan-ling WANG,Gai-mei LIANG

摘要:

为比较结球甘蓝对3种适宜在山西冷凉区旱作栽培的作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应差异,并从生理学层面揭示其作用机制,本研究采用培养皿滤纸法和盆栽培养法,开展结球甘蓝风干叶水提液对西葫芦、菜豆和玉米种子萌发、幼苗生长与生理特性的影响研究。结果表明,一定浓度的结球甘蓝叶水提液会对3种作物种子萌发与幼苗生长产生显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),且该作用随浓度增加而增强。同一浓度处理,对西葫芦和玉米胚根伸长的抑制作用均强于胚芽,仅当水提液浓度为0.04 g·mL-1时,对菜豆胚根伸长的抑制作用小于胚芽。化感物质处理后菜豆和玉米幼苗的丙二醛含量均高于对照。当处理液浓度为0.06、0.08 g·mL-1时,受体作物幼苗抗氧化物酶如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性有所增强。3种受体作物的化感综合抑制作用强弱顺序为西葫芦>玉米>菜豆,该差异与作物体内丙二醛含量和抗氧化物酶活性变化有关。因此,结球甘蓝茬衔接菜豆的种植模式可能是缓解该茬口化感负效应的方法之一。在采收结球甘蓝时,建议将地上部完全去除,避免化感物质累积于土壤中,进而影响下茬作物生长。

关键词: 结球甘蓝, 水提液, 化感作用, 丙二醛, 抗氧化物酶

Abstract:

This research investigated, using petri dish filter paper and pot culture methods, the allelopathic effects and their physiological mechanisms of water extract of air-dried leaves of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological traits of three crops commonly cultivated in cold and arid areas of Shanxi Province: cocozelle (Cucurbita pepo), kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and maize (Zea mays). It was found that tested concentrations of water extract of cabbage leaves had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of the three tested crops (P<0.05), and the inhibitory effect increased with an increase in concentration. The inhibitory effect on radicle elongation of cocozelle and corn was stronger than that on germ elongation at the same concentration, while the inhibitory effect on radicle elongation of kidney bean was smaller than that on germination elongation at a cabbage leaf water extract concentration of 0.04 g·mL-1. The malondialdehyde content of kidney bean and corn seedlings after allelochemical treatments was higher than that of the controls. At cabbage leaf water extract concentrations of 0.06 and 0.08 g·mL-1, the antioxidase enzyme activities of test crop seedlings were enhanced, including SOD, POD and CAT. In multivariate analysis of the data, the allelopathic inhibitory effect of cabbage leaf extract on the three test crops ranked as cocozelle>corn>kidney bean. The differences in the inhibitory effect were related to the changes in malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzyme activity in vivo. Therefore, planting kidney bean after cabbage may be one method to alleviate the negative effect of the stubble on the following crop. It is recommended that the aboveground parts should be completely removed during cabbage harvesting to avoid allelopathic substances accumulating in the soil and affecting the growth of the next crop.

Key words: Brassica oleracea var. capitata, water extract, allelopathic effect, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme