欢迎访问《草业学报》官方网站,今天是

草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 62-73.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024438

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同牧草补播模式对荒漠草原植物群落结构及土壤特性的影响

鲍平安1,2(), 文志林3, 王炎4, 陈彦虎5,6, 季波1,2(), 王占军1,2, 吴旭东1,2, 蒋齐1,2   

  1. 1.宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏 银川 750002
    2.宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750002
    3.宁夏盐池县草原实验站,宁夏 吴忠 751506
    4.盐池县林业和草原局,宁夏 吴忠 751599
    5.宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750000
    6.宁夏石嘴山气象局,宁夏 石嘴山 753000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-07 修回日期:2024-12-16 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-07-11
  • 通讯作者: 季波
  • 作者简介:E-mail: nxjibo311@163.com
    鲍平安(1999-),男,宁夏银川人,硕士。E-mail: 2454284398@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    自治区农业科技自主创新资金农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题(NGSB-2021-14-06);自治区青年拔尖人才培养项目,自治区重点研发(引才专项)(2024BEH04058);宁夏农林科学院科技平台建设提升项目(NKYP-22-06);宁夏农牧交错带温性草原生态系统定位观测研究站资助

Effects of different forage reseeding patterns on plant community structure and soil characteristics in desert steppe

Ping-an BAO1,2(), Zhi-lin WEN3, Yan WANG4, Yan-hu CHEN5,6, Bo JI1,2(), Zhan-jun WANG1,2, Xu-dong WU1,2, Qi JIANG1,2   

  1. 1.Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China
    2.Ningxia Key Laboratory of Sand Control and Soil and Water Conservation,Yinchuan 750002,China
    3.Yanchi County Grassland Experimental Station,Ningxia,Wuzhong 751506,China
    4.Yanchi County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Wuzhong 751599,China
    5.Ningxia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Yinchuan 750000,China
    6.Shizuishan Meteorological Bureau,Ningxia,Shizuishan 753000,China
  • Received:2024-11-07 Revised:2024-12-16 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-07-11
  • Contact: Bo JI

摘要:

为揭示退化荒漠草原逆向演替的驱动因素,本研究探究了不同牧草补播配置模式(禾本科牧草混播P1、豆科牧草混播P2、禾本科+豆科牧草混播P3)下退化荒漠草原植物群落特征、土壤理化性质及二者相关性的变化规律,阐明牧草补播配置模式对宁夏退化荒漠草原植物群落结构与土壤养分含量的影响。研究结果表明:牧草补播提高了豆科植物在植物群落中的占比和植物群落盖度、Simpson、Shannon-Wiener和Margalef指数,地上生物量在禾本科+豆科牧草混播下得到提升。禾本科牧草混播显著降低了土壤容重;禾本科牧草与禾本科+豆科牧草混播模式显著降低了土壤电导率;牧草补播提高了0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层土壤全磷和全钾含量,提高了0~10 cm土层土壤有机碳和全氮含量以及10~20 cm土层土壤pH,降低了0~10 cm土层土壤pH和10~20 cm土壤有机碳含量。0~10 cm土层土壤有机碳和全氮含量均与植物群落物种Simpson、Shannon-Wiener和Margalef指数呈正相关。植被恢复过程中0~10 cm土层土壤有机碳和全磷含量以及10~20 cm土壤pH值与全磷含量是主要影响因子。综上所述,禾本科+豆科牧草混播对提高草地生产力,改善荒漠草原植物群落及其土壤养分具有促进作用,可作为退化荒漠草原恢复的优选配置模式。

关键词: 荒漠草原, 牧草补播, 植物群落特征, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

We conducted an in-depth analysis of reverse succession in degraded desert grasslands to identify its driving factors. A field experiment was conducted in degraded desert grasslands of Ningxia, and the changes in plant community characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, and their correlations under different forage reseeding configurations (a grass mixture P1, a legume mixture P2, and a grass-legume mixture P3) were investigated. The effects of reseeding configurations on plant community structure and soil nutrient contents were also evaluated. The results show that forage reseeding of the degraded pasture increased the proportion of legumes in plant communities, and resulted in increased vegetation cover and increased values of Simpson’s, Shannon-Wiener’s, and Margalef’s indexes. Reseeding with the grass-legume mixture increased the aboveground biomass of the plant community. Reseeding with the grass mixture significantly reduced soil bulk density, and reseeding with either the grass mixture or the grass-legume mixture decreased soil electrical conductivity. All the reseeding treatments resulted in increased total phosphorus and potassium contents in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers, increased organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer, and increased pH in the 10-20 cm layer; and decreases in soil pH in the 0-10 cm soil layer and organic carbon content in the 10-20 cm soil layer. The organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer showed positive correlations with plant community diversity indexes (Simpson’s, Shannon-Wiener’s, and Margalef’s indices). Key factors driving vegetation restoration included organic carbon and total phosphorus contents in surface soil (0-10 cm), along with pH and total phosphorus content in the subsurface soil layer (10-20 cm). The grass-legume mixed configuration demonstrated optimal performance in enhancing grassland productivity, improving plant communities, and optimizing the soil nutrient profile. Therefore, reseeding with a grass-legume mixture is the preferred approach for restoration of degraded desert grasslands.

Key words: desert grassland, forage reseeding, plant community characteristics, soil physical and chemical properties