草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 167-179.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025427
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
黄小云1(
), 梁政翔1, 吴志锋2, 周柳婷1, 陈长福3, 林嘉丽1, 罗涛1, 黄秀声1(
)
收稿日期:2025-10-18
修回日期:2025-11-20
出版日期:2026-10-20
发布日期:2026-09-09
通讯作者:
黄秀声
作者简介:E-mail; hxs706@163.com基金资助:
Xiao-yun HUANG1(
), Zheng-xiang LIANG1, Zhi-feng WU2, Liu-ting ZHOU1, Chang-fu CHEN3, Jia-li LIN1, Tao LUO1, Xiu-sheng HUANG1(
)
Received:2025-10-18
Revised:2025-11-20
Online:2026-10-20
Published:2026-09-09
Contact:
Xiu-sheng HUANG
摘要:
为研究象草养分及饲用品质对沼液添加的响应机制,以‘桂闽引’象草为研究对象开展田间小区试验,设5个沼液氮添加水平(0、50、100、150和200 kg N·hm-2·次-1),依次记为CK、N50、N100、N150和N200,在45 d的刈割周期内施用3次。象草刈割两茬,测定植株茎、叶的氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量,分析沼液添加对象草CP和相对饲喂价值(RFV)与N、P、K含量及其化学计量特征的影响。结果表明:沼液添加显著提高了象草茎秆的CP和N含量(P<0.05),且不同茬次、不同器官的响应有显著差异(P<0.001)。N50处理可显著降低第2茬叶片的ADF含量(P<0.05),且不同器官间有显著差异(P<0.001)。第2茬叶片RFV在N100处理下最高,显著高于N200(P<0.05)。对于CP和RFV,两者显著正相关,其在茎秆中与N、K、N/P和K/P显著正相关,在叶片中与N、P显著正相关,在茎、叶中与NDF和ADF显著负相关(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析和结构方程模型表明,茎、叶的N含量可显著正向影响CP含量(P<0.001),其总效应值分别为0.92和0.32。茎秆P含量、叶片K/P和P含量共同影响RFV,其总效应值分别为-0.86、0.59和0.57。综上,沼液施用主要通过影响象草茎、叶的N、P含量和叶片的K/P,从而直接或间接调控其主要饲用品质。
黄小云, 梁政翔, 吴志锋, 周柳婷, 陈长福, 林嘉丽, 罗涛, 黄秀声. 象草氮磷钾化学计量特征及主要饲用品质对沼液添加的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(10): 167-179.
Xiao-yun HUANG, Zheng-xiang LIANG, Zhi-feng WU, Liu-ting ZHOU, Chang-fu CHEN, Jia-li LIN, Tao LUO, Xiu-sheng HUANG. Effects of biogas slurry addition on nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium stoichiometry and feed quality of Pennisetum purpureum[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(10): 167-179.
图1 沼液施用下象草茎、叶的氮、磷、钾含量及其化学计量比不同小写字母表示同茬同器官不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05);不同器官间(实线与虚线之间)以及同一器官不同茬次间(实线之间或虚线之间)的显著性差异采用独立样本t检验,显著性标记中ns表示P>0.05,*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments of the same cutting and the same organ (P<0.05). Significant differences between organs (solid vs dashed lines) and between cuttings within the same organ (lines of the same type) were determined using independent-sample t-tests. Significance levels are denoted as follows: ns, P>0.05; *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; ***, P<0.001. The same below.
Fig.1 Total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content and stoichiometric ratio in stems and leaves of P. purpureum under biogas slurry application
图3 象草茎、叶的氮、磷、钾含量及其化学计量比与主要饲用指标间的相关性热图(a)为茎秆,(b)为叶片。下三角方框内的数值为相关系数。上三角方框内圆圈的大小和颜色强度与相关系数呈正比,正、负相关关系分别以红色、蓝色显示。*表示P<0.05。TN:全氮;TP:全磷;TK:全钾;NP:氮磷比;NK:氮钾比;KP:钾磷比;CP:粗蛋白;NDF:中性洗涤纤维;ADF:酸性洗涤纤维;RFV:相对饲喂价值。(a) is the stem and (b) is the leaf. The values in the lower triangle box are the correlation coefficients. The size and color intensity of the circles in the upper triangle box are directly proportional to the correlation coefficient, and the positive and negative correlations are shown in red and blue, respectively. * represented P<0.05. TN: Total nitrogen; TP: Total phosphorus; TK: Total potassium; NP: N/P; NK: N/K; KP: K/P; CP: Crude protein; NDF: Neutral detergent fiber; ADF: Acid detergent fiber; RFV: Relative feeding value.
Fig.3 Correlation heat map between the content of total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and their stoichiometric ratios and the main forage quality indices in stems and leaves of P. purpureum
| 指标 Index | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CP | YCP=0.773XSN***+0.281XLN*** | 0.883 | 110.118 | <0.001 |
| NDF | YNDF=36.444-0.679XLK***-0.365XLP*** | 0.879 | 106.779 | <0.001 |
| ADF | YADF=45.658-0.757XSK*** | 0.557 | 37.479 | <0.001 |
| RFV | YRFV=98.455+0.689XLK***+0.350XLP*** | 0.874 | 101.297 | <0.001 |
表1 象草主要饲用指标与茎秆、叶片的氮、磷、钾含量及其比例的逐步回归分析
Table 1 Stepwise regression analysis of main forage indexes and total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content and stoichiometry in stems and leaves of P. purpureum
| 指标 Index | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CP | YCP=0.773XSN***+0.281XLN*** | 0.883 | 110.118 | <0.001 |
| NDF | YNDF=36.444-0.679XLK***-0.365XLP*** | 0.879 | 106.779 | <0.001 |
| ADF | YADF=45.658-0.757XSK*** | 0.557 | 37.479 | <0.001 |
| RFV | YRFV=98.455+0.689XLK***+0.350XLP*** | 0.874 | 101.297 | <0.001 |
图4 沼液影响象草粗蛋白和相对饲喂价值的结构方程模型及各因子的标准化效应值χ2:卡方值;df:自由度;GFI:适配度指数;CFI:相对拟合指标;RMSEA:近似误差均方根,P:P值。1<χ2/df<2、P>0.05、GFI>0.90、CFI>0.95和RMSEA<0.05表示模型具有较好的拟合度;红色、蓝色及虚线箭头线分别表示显著正、负及不显著的路径关系。数值为标准化路径系数,箭头线粗细代表标准化路径系数的相对大小,R2表示解释率。*,**,***分别表示P<0.05,P<0.01和P<0.001。χ2: Chi-square; df: Degrees of freedom; GFI: Goodness-of-fit; CFI: Comparative fit index; RMSEA: Root mean square error of approximation; P: P-value. 1<χ2/df<2, P>0.05, GFI>0.90, CFI>0.95 and RMSEA<0.05 indicate that the model has a good fit; Red, blue, and dashed arrow lines indicate significant positive, negative, and non-significant effect, respectively. The numerical value is the normalized path coefficient, the thickness of the arrow line represents the relative size of the normalized path coefficient, and R2 represents the interpretation rate. *, **, and *** indicate statistically significant at P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively.
Fig. 4 Structural equation modelling (SEM) of biogas slurry influencing crude protein and relative feeding value of P. purpureum and the standardized effect values of each factor
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