Diversity of endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in different maize organs

doi:10.11686/cyxb2024253

Abstract

Abstract:

The relationship between the microenvironment of different tissues of maize and the diversity of endophytic bacteria is of great significance for screening functional microorganisms， such as compatible growth-promoting bacteria or biocontrol bacteria. In this study， high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the diversity of endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in various maize organs and tissues. The results showed that the maize endophytic bacterial community comprised 31 phyla， 93 classes， 192 orders， 340 families， and 404 genera. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla， and Lachnospira， Rhizobium， Enterobacter， and Sphingomonas were the dominant bacterial genera. Some endophytic bacteria were more abundant in some organs than in others， indicating that some bacterial populations had endogenous specificity for particular tissue microenvironments. Comparing the dominant bacterial genera among various organs and tissues， the unique bacterial taxa in the roots were Micrococcus and uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae. The unique bacterial taxa in the kernels were Staphylococcus， uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae， Delftia， Brevundimonas， Streptococcus， and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. The unique bacterial group in the leaves was mainly Pseudomonas， and no unique bacterial genus was detected in the stems. Beta diversity analyses showed that the microbial community composition was similar in the roots， stems， and leaves of maize， but different in the grain. The endophytic fungal community of maize was composed of 12 phyla， 37 classes， 84 orders， 187 families， and 404 genera. Ascomycota， Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota were the dominant fungal phyla， Mortierella and Fusarium were the dominant fungal genera， and Rozellomycota was the unique dominant fungal group in the roots. Beta diversity analyses showed that there was little difference in fungal community composition among stems， leaves， and grain of maize， but it was significantly different in the root. In summary， the distribution of endophytic bacteria differs among maize organs and tissues. Compared with the endophytic fungal community， the endophytic bacterial community showed wider variations among the different organs and tissues.

Key words: maize, tissue and organs, endophytic bacteria, endophytic fungi, diversity

Xiao-hui DONG, Shang-li SHI, Guo-li YIN, San-dong CHEN, Hai-qiang GONG, Lin-bo LIU. Diversity of endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in different maize organs[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(5): 130-145.

Figures/Tables 16

Table 1 Statistics of sequence number， abundance and diversity index of bacterial samples

处理 Treatment	分类单元 Observed OTUs	有效序列 Effective sequence	香农-威纳指数 Shannon-Wiener index	辛普森指数 Simpson index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	ACE指数 ACE index	覆盖度 Coverage
GN	1049±82a	73944±559a	8.47±0.30a	0.99±0.00a	1672.89±121.27a	1655.26±113.43b	0.99±0.00a
JN	913±73b	70993±4758a	8.21±0.33a	0.99±0.00a	1484.95±43.94b	2110.03±63.72a	1.00±0.00a
LN	658±28c	55470±3250b	8.35±0.11a	0.96±0.05a	956.66±44.63d	1353.57±26.21c	1.00±0.00a
YN	865±4b	53129±2415b	8.63±0.16a	0.99±0.00a	1181.34±2.69c	1645.59±123.73b	1.00±0.00a

Fig.1 Rarefaction curves for bacterial samples

Fig.2 Venn analysis of endophytic bacterial species in different organs and tissues

Table 2 Sequence number statistics， abundance and diversity index of fungi samples

处理 Treatment	分类单元 Observed OTUs	有效序列 Effective sequence	香农-威纳指数 Shannon-Wiener index	辛普森指数 Simpson index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	ACE指数 ACE index	覆盖度 Coverage
GN	1686±3a	474209±214a	8.60±0.02a	0.99±0.00a	1690.58±5.19a	1688.77±3.96a	1.00±0.00a
JN	1691±14a	467631±8577a	8.55±0.08a	0.99±0.00a	1698.81±5.87a	1693.88±11.25a	1.00±0.00a
LN	1681±12a	473974±970a	8.61±0.03a	0.99±0.00a	1690.58±9.04a	1683.94±10.11a	1.00±0.00a
YN	1689±13a	474064±362a	8.54±0.06a	0.99±0.00a	1690.33±12.66a	1689.44±13.20a	1.00±0.00a

Fig.3 Rarefaction curves for fungal samples

Fig.4 Venn analysis of endophytic fungi in different organs and tissues

Fig.5 Relative abundance of bacterial community at phylum level

Fig.6 Relative abundance of bacterial community at order level

Fig.7 Relative abundance of bacterial community at the level of genus classification

Fig.8 Relative abundance of fungal communities at the phylum level

Fig.9 Relative abundance of fungal communities at the order level

Fig.10 Relative abundance of fungal communities at the genus level

Fig.11 NMDS of bacterial community structure in different organs and tissues

Fig.12 NMDS of fungal community structure in different organs and tissues

Fig.13 Network analysis of bacterial endophytes in different organs and tissues

Fig.14 Network analysis of fungal endophytes in different organs and tissues

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