Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 121-128.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020152
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Hong-jian LV1(), Xiang GUO2, De-kui CHEN1, Xiao-yang CHEN2(), Qing ZHANG2()
Received:
2020-04-07
Revised:
2020-05-14
Online:
2021-03-20
Published:
2021-03-09
Contact:
Xiao-yang CHEN,Qing ZHANG
Hong-jian LV, Xiang GUO, De-kui CHEN, Xiao-yang CHEN, Qing ZHANG. Effect of lactic acid bacteria and storage temperature on the quality of Moringa oleifera leaf silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(3): 121-128.
项目 Items | 含量 Content |
---|---|
干物质 Dry matter (DM, %) | 21.59 |
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 25.31 |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 24.91 |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 16.66 |
可溶性碳水化合物 Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC, %DM) | 7.53 |
乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria (LAB, log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | 4.45 |
大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | 5.99 |
酵母菌 Yeast (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | <2.00 |
霉菌 Molds (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | 2.80 |
水解单宁 Hydrolysable tannin (HT, %DM) | 1.62 |
缩合单宁 Condensed tannin (CT, %DM) | 2.48 |
Table 1 The characteristic of raw M. oleifera leaves material (n=3)
项目 Items | 含量 Content |
---|---|
干物质 Dry matter (DM, %) | 21.59 |
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 25.31 |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 24.91 |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 16.66 |
可溶性碳水化合物 Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC, %DM) | 7.53 |
乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria (LAB, log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | 4.45 |
大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | 5.99 |
酵母菌 Yeast (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | <2.00 |
霉菌 Molds (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | 2.80 |
水解单宁 Hydrolysable tannin (HT, %DM) | 1.62 |
缩合单宁 Condensed tannin (CT, %DM) | 2.48 |
项目 Items | 温度 Temperature | 乳酸菌添加剂处理 Inoculants | Means | SEM | 显著性差异Significance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | LP | LF | W | E | T | I | T×I | ||||
干物质Dry Matter (DM, %) | T1 | 21.21b | 21.15b | 21.21Bb | 21.68Ba | 21.68Ba | 21.39B | 0.079 | ** | NS | NS |
T2 | 22.43 | 22.63 | 21.97A | 22.28A | 22.50A | 22.36A | 0.173 | ||||
pH | T1 | 4.03a | 3.91b | 3.86c | 3.86c | 3.87c | 3.91 | 0.017 | NS | ** | * |
T2 | 4.03a | 3.85b | 3.89b | 3.85b | 3.88b | 3.90 | 0.018 | ||||
乳酸 Lactic acid (LA, %DM) | T1 | 2.29Bb | 3.57Ba | 3.70a | 4.46a | 4.37Ba | 3.68B | 0.234 | ** | ** | * |
T2 | 3.80Acd | 4.19Abc | 3.18d | 5.38a | 4.81Aab | 4.27A | 0.219 | ||||
乙酸 Acetic acid (AA, %DM) | T1 | 0.82Bc | 0.97b | 0.97b | 1.04Bb | 1.15a | 0.99B | 0.031 | ** | ** | * |
T2 | 1.01Abc | 1.06b | 0.98c | 1.17Aa | 1.15a | 1.07A | 0.021 | ||||
乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria (LAB, log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | 8.27Aa | 8.07Aa | 8.24Aa | 6.98Ab | 6.96Ab | 7.70A | 0.170 | ** | ** | NS |
T2 | 5.00Ba | 4.76Ba | <4.00Bb | <4.00Bb | <4.00Bb | 4.88B | 0.223 | ||||
酵母菌 Yeast (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | 4.01 | <2.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
T2 | <2.00 | 4.36 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | ||||
大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
T2 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | ||||
霉菌 Molds (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
T2 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - |
Table 2 Effect of temperature and inoculants on character of M. oleifera leaves silage in 60 days (n=3)
项目 Items | 温度 Temperature | 乳酸菌添加剂处理 Inoculants | Means | SEM | 显著性差异Significance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | LP | LF | W | E | T | I | T×I | ||||
干物质Dry Matter (DM, %) | T1 | 21.21b | 21.15b | 21.21Bb | 21.68Ba | 21.68Ba | 21.39B | 0.079 | ** | NS | NS |
T2 | 22.43 | 22.63 | 21.97A | 22.28A | 22.50A | 22.36A | 0.173 | ||||
pH | T1 | 4.03a | 3.91b | 3.86c | 3.86c | 3.87c | 3.91 | 0.017 | NS | ** | * |
T2 | 4.03a | 3.85b | 3.89b | 3.85b | 3.88b | 3.90 | 0.018 | ||||
乳酸 Lactic acid (LA, %DM) | T1 | 2.29Bb | 3.57Ba | 3.70a | 4.46a | 4.37Ba | 3.68B | 0.234 | ** | ** | * |
T2 | 3.80Acd | 4.19Abc | 3.18d | 5.38a | 4.81Aab | 4.27A | 0.219 | ||||
乙酸 Acetic acid (AA, %DM) | T1 | 0.82Bc | 0.97b | 0.97b | 1.04Bb | 1.15a | 0.99B | 0.031 | ** | ** | * |
T2 | 1.01Abc | 1.06b | 0.98c | 1.17Aa | 1.15a | 1.07A | 0.021 | ||||
乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria (LAB, log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | 8.27Aa | 8.07Aa | 8.24Aa | 6.98Ab | 6.96Ab | 7.70A | 0.170 | ** | ** | NS |
T2 | 5.00Ba | 4.76Ba | <4.00Bb | <4.00Bb | <4.00Bb | 4.88B | 0.223 | ||||
酵母菌 Yeast (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | 4.01 | <2.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
T2 | <2.00 | 4.36 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | ||||
大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
T2 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | ||||
霉菌 Molds (log10 cfu·g-1 FM) | T1 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
T2 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | <2.00 | - | - |
项目 Items | 温度 Temperature | 乳酸菌添加剂处理 Inoculants | Means | SEM | 显著性差异Significance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | LP | LF | W | E | T | I | T×I | ||||
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | T1 | 25.65 | 29.65 | 27.75 | 27.10 | 29.19 | 27.87 | 0.549 | NS | NS | NS |
T2 | 28.51 | 26.98 | 27.67 | 28.19 | 28.35 | 27.94 | 1.278 | ||||
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | T1 | 15.88 | 18.93 | 18.05 | 16.91 | 18.87 | 17.73 | 0.417 | NS | NS | NS |
T2 | 18.02 | 16.65 | 18.05 | 18.31 | 19.18 | 17.96 | 0.341 | ||||
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP, %DM) | T1 | 24.74a | 23.22bc | 22.89c | 24.50a | 24.24ab | 23.91 | 0.241 | NS | ** | ** |
T2 | 24.60ab | 24.91a | 23.72c | 23.84bc | 22.85d | 23.98 | 0.216 | ||||
真蛋白质 True protein (TP, %DM) | T1 | 13.55 | 12.63 | 12.88A | 12.54A | 11.62 | 12.64A | 0.248 | ** | NS | NS |
T2 | 10.30 | 10.62 | 9.41B | 10.50B | 10.40 | 10.24B | 0.329 | ||||
非蛋白氮 Non-protein nitrogen (NPN, %DM) | T1 | 11.20B | 10.58B | 10.01B | 11.96 | 12.61 | 11.27B | 0.355 | ** | NS | * |
T2 | 14.30A | 14.29A | 14.32A | 13.34 | 12.45 | 13.74A | 0.333 | ||||
氨态氮 Ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N, g·kg-1) | T1 | 0.39Ba | 0.22Bc | 0.35Bab | 0.30b | 0.29Bb | 0.31B | 0.002 | ** | ** | ** |
T2 | 1.31Aa | 0.43Ac | 0.66Ab | 0.49bc | 0.66Ab | 0.71A | 0.009 | ||||
游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (FAA, %DM) | T1 | 0.29Bc | 0.47Bbc | 0.61ab | 0.70a | 0.62ab | 0.62B | 0.046 | ** | NS | ** |
T2 | 0.99A | 0.80A | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.77A | 0.041 |
Table 3 Effect of temperature and inoculants on protein and fibre content of M. oleifera leaves silage in 60 days (n=3)
项目 Items | 温度 Temperature | 乳酸菌添加剂处理 Inoculants | Means | SEM | 显著性差异Significance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | LP | LF | W | E | T | I | T×I | ||||
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | T1 | 25.65 | 29.65 | 27.75 | 27.10 | 29.19 | 27.87 | 0.549 | NS | NS | NS |
T2 | 28.51 | 26.98 | 27.67 | 28.19 | 28.35 | 27.94 | 1.278 | ||||
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | T1 | 15.88 | 18.93 | 18.05 | 16.91 | 18.87 | 17.73 | 0.417 | NS | NS | NS |
T2 | 18.02 | 16.65 | 18.05 | 18.31 | 19.18 | 17.96 | 0.341 | ||||
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP, %DM) | T1 | 24.74a | 23.22bc | 22.89c | 24.50a | 24.24ab | 23.91 | 0.241 | NS | ** | ** |
T2 | 24.60ab | 24.91a | 23.72c | 23.84bc | 22.85d | 23.98 | 0.216 | ||||
真蛋白质 True protein (TP, %DM) | T1 | 13.55 | 12.63 | 12.88A | 12.54A | 11.62 | 12.64A | 0.248 | ** | NS | NS |
T2 | 10.30 | 10.62 | 9.41B | 10.50B | 10.40 | 10.24B | 0.329 | ||||
非蛋白氮 Non-protein nitrogen (NPN, %DM) | T1 | 11.20B | 10.58B | 10.01B | 11.96 | 12.61 | 11.27B | 0.355 | ** | NS | * |
T2 | 14.30A | 14.29A | 14.32A | 13.34 | 12.45 | 13.74A | 0.333 | ||||
氨态氮 Ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N, g·kg-1) | T1 | 0.39Ba | 0.22Bc | 0.35Bab | 0.30b | 0.29Bb | 0.31B | 0.002 | ** | ** | ** |
T2 | 1.31Aa | 0.43Ac | 0.66Ab | 0.49bc | 0.66Ab | 0.71A | 0.009 | ||||
游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (FAA, %DM) | T1 | 0.29Bc | 0.47Bbc | 0.61ab | 0.70a | 0.62ab | 0.62B | 0.046 | ** | NS | ** |
T2 | 0.99A | 0.80A | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.77A | 0.041 |
项目 Items | 温度 Temperature | 乳酸菌添加剂处理 Inoculants | Means | SEM | 显著性差异Significance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | LP | LF | W | E | T | I | T×I | ||||
总酚 Total phenols (%DM) | T1 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.27 | 1.25 | 1.40 | 1.25 | 0.038 | NS | NS | * |
T2 | 1.60a | 1.10b | 1.28b | 1.34ab | 1.22b | 1.31 | 0.056 | ||||
简单酚 Simple phenols (%DM) | T1 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.016 | NS | * | NS |
T2 | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.027 | ||||
水解单宁Hydrolysable tannin (HT, %DM) | T1 | 0.45b | 0.47b | 0.55ab | 0.55ab | 0.67a | 0.54 | 0.028 | NS | NS | * |
T2 | 0.76 | 0.46 | 0.53 | 0.67 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.043 | ||||
缩合单宁 Condensed tannin (CT, %DM) | T1 | 2.10 | 2.06 | 2.33 | 2.27 | 2.07 | 2.16 | 0.039 | NS | * | NS |
T2 | 2.43 | 2.13 | 2.24 | 2.16 | 2.12 | 2.22 | 0.041 |
Table 4 Effect of temperature and inoculants on tannins content of M. oleifera leaves silage in 60 days (n=3)
项目 Items | 温度 Temperature | 乳酸菌添加剂处理 Inoculants | Means | SEM | 显著性差异Significance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | LP | LF | W | E | T | I | T×I | ||||
总酚 Total phenols (%DM) | T1 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.27 | 1.25 | 1.40 | 1.25 | 0.038 | NS | NS | * |
T2 | 1.60a | 1.10b | 1.28b | 1.34ab | 1.22b | 1.31 | 0.056 | ||||
简单酚 Simple phenols (%DM) | T1 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.016 | NS | * | NS |
T2 | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.027 | ||||
水解单宁Hydrolysable tannin (HT, %DM) | T1 | 0.45b | 0.47b | 0.55ab | 0.55ab | 0.67a | 0.54 | 0.028 | NS | NS | * |
T2 | 0.76 | 0.46 | 0.53 | 0.67 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.043 | ||||
缩合单宁 Condensed tannin (CT, %DM) | T1 | 2.10 | 2.06 | 2.33 | 2.27 | 2.07 | 2.16 | 0.039 | NS | * | NS |
T2 | 2.43 | 2.13 | 2.24 | 2.16 | 2.12 | 2.22 | 0.041 |
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