Abstract:

In the Wumeng Mountain area there is an issue of a long fallow period and a short opportunity window for crop production， resulting in a low utilization rate of soil resources in winter fallow fields. In this research， 17 naked oat cultivars and germplasm lines were evaluated for use in winter fallow fields， and the yield， agronomic traits and nutritional quality were determined. Data for the 17 oat varieties were classified and compared by cluster analysis， and a multi-trait evaluation was carried out using grey relational analysis， in order to identify naked oat varieties suitable for planting in winter fallow fields in the Wumeng Mountain area. It was found that： 1） The highest grain yield among the 17 oat varieties was ‘Dingyou No. 13’ （3743 kg·ha^-1）， followed by ‘Xiangyan No. 18’ （3722 kg·ha^-1） and ‘Xiangyan No.13’ （3582 kg·ha^-1）， which were significantly higher than ‘local oat’ （P<0.05）. The variety with the highest hay yield variety was ‘Xiangyan No. 18’ （11172 kg·ha^-1）， followed by ‘Dingyou No. 7’ and ‘Dingyou No. 5’， which were 10198 and 10029 kg·ha^-1， respectively. 2） In terms of nutritional value， ‘Xiangyan No. 18’ had the highest protein and β-glucan content and the lowest starch content， and there was a significant difference between ‘Xiangyan No. 18’ and other oat varieties （P<0.05）. The fat content of ‘Dingyou No. 4’ was the highest and significantly higher than that of other oat varieties （P<0.05）. 3） The significant positive correlation analysis indicates that grain yield is positively associated with spike length， spikelets per spike， stem thickness， number of tillers， and number of grains， making them the primary factors influencing oat seed production. 4） For the multi-trait grey relational analysis showed that the top 7 oat varieties were： ‘Xiangyan No. 18’‘Dingyou No. 7’‘Dingyou No.13’‘Dingyou No. 11’‘Dingyou No. 5’‘Xiangyan No. 13’ and ‘Bayou No. 14’. Cluster analysis separated the 17 oat varieties into 4 groups. Among them， group I， comprising the top 7 varieties in comprehensive evaluation， accounts for over 70%. The yield of this group was higher， the protein content was generally higher， the number of grains per spike was more， and the content of β-glucan was higher than other groups； therefore this group was defined as a multi-seed， high protein， hypoglycemic group， and included the varieties ‘Xiangyan No.18’‘Dingyou No. 7’‘Dingyou No. 5’‘Xiangyan No. 13’ and ‘Bayou No. 14’. Based on our data， these naked oat varieties can be recommended for planting in winter fallow fields in the Wumeng Mountain area.

Key words: oats, winter fallow fields, production performance, nutritional quality, grey relational degree analysis