Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 108-121.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025300
Tao WANG(
), Jing LI, Qiang LU, Wen-can KE, Shuai HUANG(
)
Received:2025-07-17
Revised:2025-09-15
Online:2026-06-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Shuai HUANG
Tao WANG, Jing LI, Qiang LU, Wen-can KE, Shuai HUANG. Effects of flavonoids from Taraxacum mongolicum and of Bacillus subtilis addition on fermentation quality, antioxidant activity, and aerobic stability of Avena sativa silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(6): 108-121.
项目 Item | 处理Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FT | BS | FT+BS | |
| pH | 5.08±0.03a | 4.69±0.01c | 4.85±0.06b | 4.57±0.01c |
| 乳酸Lactic acid (LA, g·kg-1 FW) | 0.25±0.03c | 0.94±0.04b | 0.52±0.16c | 1.68±0.18a |
| 乙酸Acetic acid (AA, g·kg-1 FW) | 0.55±0.06ab | 0.26±0.01b | 0.78±0.08a | 0.62±0.16a |
| 丙酸Propionic acid (PA, g·kg-1 FW) | 0.41±0.05a | 0.20±0.03b | 0.17±0.04b | 0.21±0.03b |
| 丁酸Butyric acid (BA, g·kg-1 FW) | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 氨态氮/总氮Ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN, %) | 5.94±0.13a | 4.98±0.14bc | 5.00±0.05b | 4.80±0.03c |
| 乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 8.26±0.03b | 8.35±0.02ab | 8.37±0.03a | 8.42±0.03a |
| 酵母菌Yeast (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 6.94±0.11a | 5.08±0.08c | 5.05±0.16c | 5.58±0.12b |
| 霉菌Mold (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Table 1 Effect of total flavonoids from T. mongolicum and B. subtilis on fermentation and microbial quantities of A. sativa silage
项目 Item | 处理Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FT | BS | FT+BS | |
| pH | 5.08±0.03a | 4.69±0.01c | 4.85±0.06b | 4.57±0.01c |
| 乳酸Lactic acid (LA, g·kg-1 FW) | 0.25±0.03c | 0.94±0.04b | 0.52±0.16c | 1.68±0.18a |
| 乙酸Acetic acid (AA, g·kg-1 FW) | 0.55±0.06ab | 0.26±0.01b | 0.78±0.08a | 0.62±0.16a |
| 丙酸Propionic acid (PA, g·kg-1 FW) | 0.41±0.05a | 0.20±0.03b | 0.17±0.04b | 0.21±0.03b |
| 丁酸Butyric acid (BA, g·kg-1 FW) | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| 氨态氮/总氮Ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN, %) | 5.94±0.13a | 4.98±0.14bc | 5.00±0.05b | 4.80±0.03c |
| 乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 8.26±0.03b | 8.35±0.02ab | 8.37±0.03a | 8.42±0.03a |
| 酵母菌Yeast (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 6.94±0.11a | 5.08±0.08c | 5.05±0.16c | 5.58±0.12b |
| 霉菌Mold (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | ND | ND | ND | ND |
项目 Item | 处理Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FT | BS | FT+BS | |
| 干物质Dry matter (DM, %) | 22.29±0.23c | 25.80±0.45a | 25.74±0.72ab | 26.29±0.69a |
| 干物质损失Dry matter loss (DM loss, %) | 18.34±0.44a | 7.49±0.26b | 7.33±0.14b | 6.29±0.14b |
| 粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 15.89±0.22a | 15.98±0.30a | 16.23±0.19a | 16.07±0.23a |
| 粗脂肪Ether extract (EE, %DM) | 5.20±0.18bc | 6.36±0.33a | 5.74±0.46ab | 4.68±0.10c |
| 可溶性碳水化合物 Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC, %DM) | 1.05±0.17c | 1.67±0.20b | 3.91±0.43a | 0.74±0.10d |
| 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 44.28±0.79a | 42.81±1.17b | 43.56±0.45b | 40.26±0.52c |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 26.31±0.75a | 25.72±0.72ab | 23.87±0.67b | 22.30±0.34c |
Table 2 Effect of total flavonoids from T. mongolicum and B. subtilis on nutritional quality of A. sativa silage
项目 Item | 处理Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FT | BS | FT+BS | |
| 干物质Dry matter (DM, %) | 22.29±0.23c | 25.80±0.45a | 25.74±0.72ab | 26.29±0.69a |
| 干物质损失Dry matter loss (DM loss, %) | 18.34±0.44a | 7.49±0.26b | 7.33±0.14b | 6.29±0.14b |
| 粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 15.89±0.22a | 15.98±0.30a | 16.23±0.19a | 16.07±0.23a |
| 粗脂肪Ether extract (EE, %DM) | 5.20±0.18bc | 6.36±0.33a | 5.74±0.46ab | 4.68±0.10c |
| 可溶性碳水化合物 Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC, %DM) | 1.05±0.17c | 1.67±0.20b | 3.91±0.43a | 0.74±0.10d |
| 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 44.28±0.79a | 42.81±1.17b | 43.56±0.45b | 40.26±0.52c |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 26.31±0.75a | 25.72±0.72ab | 23.87±0.67b | 22.30±0.34c |
项目 Item | 处理Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FT | BS | FT+BS | |
| 类黄酮含量 Flavonoids content (%DM) | 2.87±0.12b | 3.14±0.09a | 2.91±0.06b | 3.22±0.11a |
| 总抗氧化能力Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, mmol·L-1) | 48.47±3.49c | 103.10±2.92a | 83.61±4.32b | 106.54±2.87a |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性Glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px, U·mL-1) | 694.80±31.40d | 1338.84±38.94b | 1063.67±32.31c | 1555.85±22.96a |
| 超氧化物歧化酶活性 Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD, U·mL-1) | 240.97±14.88c | 366.47±13.84a | 280.14±7.34b | 378.01±14.56a |
Table 3 Effect of total flavonoids from T. mongolicum and B. subtilis on antioxidant properties of A. sativa silage
项目 Item | 处理Treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FT | BS | FT+BS | |
| 类黄酮含量 Flavonoids content (%DM) | 2.87±0.12b | 3.14±0.09a | 2.91±0.06b | 3.22±0.11a |
| 总抗氧化能力Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, mmol·L-1) | 48.47±3.49c | 103.10±2.92a | 83.61±4.32b | 106.54±2.87a |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性Glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px, U·mL-1) | 694.80±31.40d | 1338.84±38.94b | 1063.67±32.31c | 1555.85±22.96a |
| 超氧化物歧化酶活性 Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD, U·mL-1) | 240.97±14.88c | 366.47±13.84a | 280.14±7.34b | 378.01±14.56a |
Fig.5 Effects of total flavonoids from T. mongolicum and B. subtilis on the absolute abundance of bacterial communities in A. sativa at the genus level
Fig.6 Effects of total flavonoids from T. mongolicum and B. subtilis on the total absolute abundance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in A. sativa silage at genus level
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