牧草表观遗传学研究进展

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019322

草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 168-183.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019322

牧草表观遗传学研究进展

赵媛媛^1,2, 刘自扬^1,2, 边佳辉^1,2, 孙占敏², 周焘², 唐益雄², 吴燕民^1,2,*

1.兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,兰州大学草业科学国家级实验教学示范中心,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州 730020;
2.中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京 100081

收稿日期:2019-07-16 修回日期:2019-10-08 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-04-20
通讯作者: E-mail: wuyanmin@caas.cn
作者简介:赵媛媛(1991-),女,山东威海人,在读博士。E-mail: 18893147262@163.com
基金资助:
华中地区草地牧草资源调查(2017FY100604)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610392019004)资助

Research advances in epigenetics of forage grasses

ZHAO Yuan-yuan^1,2, LIU Zi-yang^1,2, BIAN Jia-hui^1,2, SUN Zhan-min², ZHOU Tao², TANG Yi-xiong², WU Yan-min^1,2,*

1.State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2.Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2019-07-16 Revised:2019-10-08 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-04-20
Contact: E-mail: wuyanmin@caas.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 表观遗传是指在DNA序列不变的情况下基因表达发生变化的现象。表观遗传现象与外界环境条件的变化紧密相关,它参与植物的生长发育、胁迫响应、衰老死亡等重要生命过程并在其中起到了关键作用。表观遗传学作为一门新兴学科在近20年间得到了快速发展,成为当前动植物和医学领域的研究热点。目前植物表观遗传学的相关研究主要集中在DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、RNA甲基化、染色质重塑和非编码RNA修饰等方面,并取得了许多重要成果。然而,相对于模式植物拟南芥和其他主要作物而言,牧草的表观遗传学研究仍处于起步阶段。因此,开展牧草表观遗传学研究对我国草牧业的可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究对表观遗传学的概念、研究方法、研究内容(包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、RNA甲基化、染色质重塑和非编码RNA修饰等)及牧草表观遗传学相关研究进行了全面总结和综述,并对表观遗传在草牧业中的发展前景进行了展望。

关键词: 表观遗传, 牧草, DNA甲基化, 组蛋白修饰, RNA甲基化, 染色质重塑, 非编码RNA修饰

Abstract: Epigenetics is concerned with the phenomenon of change in gene expression without change in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic phenomena have important impacts on various life processes, such as plant growth and development, stress responses, senescence, and death, and are often observed in conjunction with environmental changes where they may modify environmental impact on biological functions. Epigenetic studies have developed rapidly in the past few decades and have assisted understanding in several research fields, especially the animal and plant sciences, and medicine. Meanwhile, recent advances in science and technology have greatly promoted plant epigenetic analyses. At present, the research of plant epigenetics mainly focuses on DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNA modification. Many important results have emerged. However, the application of epigenetics in forage grasses is still in the preliminary stage relative to the model plant Arabidopsis and other major crops. Therefore, studies on epigenetics in forage grasses have great significance to the sustainable development of grasslands and animal husbandry in China, and elsewhere. In this paper, we provide examples of the concepts, research methods and research contents of epigenetic studies, including DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA modification. We also review some epigenetic studies in forage grasses and comment on the prospects of epigenetics in the development of grassland and animal husbandry practice.

Key words: epigenetic, forage grasses, DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA modification

赵媛媛, 刘自扬, 边佳辉, 孙占敏, 周焘, 唐益雄, 吴燕民. 牧草表观遗传学研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 168-183.

ZHAO Yuan-yuan, LIU Zi-yang, BIAN Jia-hui, SUN Zhan-min, ZHOU Tao, TANG Yi-xiong, WU Yan-min. Research advances in epigenetics of forage grasses[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(4): 168-183.

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牧草表观遗传学研究进展

Research advances in epigenetics of forage grasses

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