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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 165-173.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020372

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

乳酸菌或有机酸盐与尿素复配添加对紫花苜蓿混合青贮的影响

谢展1(), 穆麟1, 张志飞1(), 陈桂华1, 刘洋2, 高帅2, 魏仲珊2   

  1. 1.湖南农业大学农学院,湖南 长沙 410128
    2.湖南德人牧业科技有限公司,湖南 常德 415921
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-03 修回日期:2020-10-10 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 张志飞
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: zhangzf@hunau.edu.cn
    谢展(1993-),男,湖南邵阳人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1159778124@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(18A097);湖南省科技扶贫项目(2020NK3008)

Effects on fermentation in alfalfa mixed silage of added lactic acid bacteria or organic acid salt combined with urea

Zhan XIE1(), Lin MU1, Zhi-fei ZHANG1(), Gui-hua CHEN1, Yang LIU2, Shuai GAO2, Zhong-shan WEI2   

  1. 1.College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China
    2.Hunan Deren Husbandry Science and Technology Ltd. ,Changde 415921,China
  • Received:2020-08-03 Revised:2020-10-10 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-04-16
  • Contact: Zhi-fei ZHANG

摘要:

以紫花苜蓿、稻秸和麦麸按质量比8∶1∶1为混合青贮原料,设计双因素试验,因素A:乳酸菌(LA)和有机酸盐(AS),因素B:尿素添加量分别为1.5(U1)、3.0(U2)和4.5(U3)g·kg-1FW和未添加组(U0)。青贮45 d后分析发酵品质、营养品质和有氧稳定性,结果表明:乳酸菌处理组的pH值、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量和相对饲料价值等指标均显著优于有机酸盐处理组(P<0.05),乳酸菌处理组的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量和氨态氮/总氮显著低于有机酸盐处理组(P<0.05)。U3处理组的pH值、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量和氨态氮/总氮显著高于其他3组;U0处理组的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和可溶性碳水化合物含量均高于其他3组,U0处理组的粗蛋白质含量显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。添加乳酸菌的同时添加1.5或3.0 g·kg-1FW的尿素,混合青贮效果最佳。

关键词: 混合青贮, 紫花苜蓿, 尿素, 乳酸菌, 有机酸盐

Abstract:

This research investigated the influence of added lactic acid bacteria (LAB) or organic acid salt (OAS) together with urea on mixed alfalfa silage fermentation. The silage raw materials were alfalfa, rice straw and wheat bran in proportions of 8∶1∶1 by mass. The experiment design was a 2×4 factorial, with LAB or OAS as factor A and four rates of urea: 0 (U0), 1.5 (U1), 3.0 (U2) or 4.5 (U3) g·kg-1 FW, as Factor B. After 45 days of fermentation, the fermentation quality, nutritional quality and aerobic stability were analyzed. It was found that the pH, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and relative feed values of the LA treatment group were significantly better than those of the AS treatment group, and the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and NH3-N/TN in the LAB treatment group were significantly lower than those in the OAS treatment group (P<0.05). The pH value, and levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and NH3-N/TN in the U3 treatment group were significantly higher than those in the other 3 groups. Neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and soluble carbohydrate content in the U0 treatment group were higher than those in other 3 groups; and crude protein content in the U0 treatment group was significantly lower than that in the other 3 groups (P<0.05). The optimal formulation for mixed silage fermentation was the addition of LAB to U1 or U2 urea treatments.

Key words: mixed silage, alfalfa, urea, lactic acid bacteria, organic acid salt