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草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 118-134.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024082

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

栗钙土田菜用架芸豆根系的建成

宋晋辉1(), 韩云杰2(), 张继宗2, 王志辉1, 张立峰2(), 李会彬2   

  1. 1.河北北方学院农林科技学院,河北 张家口 075000
    2.河北农业大学农学院,河北 保定 071200
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-17 修回日期:2024-04-16 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2024-11-04
  • 通讯作者: 张立峰
  • 作者简介:E-mail: zlf@hebau.edu.cn
    宋晋辉(1978-),女,河北安国人,副教授,硕士。E-mail: nkxsjh@163.com
    韩云杰(2000-),男,河北衡水人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1455109986@qq.com第一联系人:共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901104-5)

Phaseolus vulgaris root system formation in chestnut soil

Jin-hui SONG1(), Yun-jie HAN2(), Ji-zong ZHANG2, Zhi-hui WANG1, Li-feng ZHANG2(), Hui-bin LI2   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture and Forestry,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China
    2.College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071200,China
  • Received:2024-03-17 Revised:2024-04-16 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2024-11-04
  • Contact: Li-feng ZHANG
  • About author:First author contact:These authors contributed equally to this work.

摘要:

水土资源匮乏背景下的农田精准水肥管理,需要以作物根系时空建成规律为基础。本研究结合分层挖掘与扫描成像分析技术,对两种栗钙土田菜用架芸豆不同生育时期的根系生物量、长度、表面积、体积和直径进行了监测和分析。结果表明:两种栗钙土田菜用架芸豆根系生物量的建成规律一致,大致分为缓慢增长、线性增长和缓慢下降3个时期,线性增长期为初花期~结荚盛期,此阶段轻壤质栗钙土田芸豆根系鲜重与干重的日增长速率分别为2.46 与0.24 g·2株-1,沙壤质栗钙土田分别为1.79与0.20 g·2株-1;芸豆根系长度、表面积、体积与根系鲜干重间呈正相关增长。从垂直分布上看,沙壤质栗钙土田芸豆根系分布较浅,82.68%以上的根系分布在0~30 cm土层内;轻壤质栗钙土田芸豆在结荚初期之后86.24%以上的根系分布在0~60 cm土层。从侧向分布上看,轻壤质栗钙土田芸豆全生育期内77%以上的根系分布在植株两侧30 cm范围内,而沙壤质栗钙土田该范围内根系占比随生育期推移呈下降趋势,至结荚末期降至66%以上。根系的等值线图表明,轻壤质栗钙土田芸豆根系的总体分布呈“瘦长型”,沙壤质栗钙土田呈“扁宽型”。本研究为坝上地区菜用架芸豆依根创新水肥高效利用技术奠定了基础。

关键词: 分层挖掘, 滴灌, 菜用架芸豆, 根系, 时空分布

Abstract:

Precision water and fertilizer management in farmland when water is scarce needs to take account of the development patterns of the crop root system within the soil and over time. Here, Phaseolus vulgaris root biomass, length, surface area, volume and diameter was monitored in two differing light loamy or sandy chestnut soil fields at different growth stages using stratified excavation to extract root samples and image analysis techniques to quantify root parameters. The results showed that the root biomass of P. vulgaris in the two fields was similar, and roughly divided into three stages: slow growth, linear growth and slow decline. The linear growth period was from the initial flowering stage to the full pod stage. At this stage, the daily growth rates of fresh and dry weight of P. vulgaris root systems were 2.46 and 0.24 g·2 plants-1 in light loamy chestnut soil fields, while they were 1.79 and 0.20 g·2 plants-1 in sandy chestnut soil fields. The root system parameters, such as root length, surface area and volume, were all positively correlated with root fresh and dry weight. From a vertical distribution perspective, the root distribution of P. vulgaris in sandy chestnut soil was shallower than in loamy chestnut soil. In the sandy soil, more than 82.68% of the roots were distributed in the 0-30 cm soil horizon. In the light loamy soil, more than 86.24% of the roots were distributed in the 0-60 cm soil horizon, after the initial pod stage. From a lateral distribution perspective, over 77% of the P. vulgaris root systems in light loamy chestnut soil were distributed within a 30 cm radius on both sides of the plant during the entire growth period, while the proportion of root systems in sandy chestnut soil showed a decreasing trend with growth development, and decreased to over 66% at the end of podding. The contour map of the root systems showed that, P. vulgaris roots in light loamy chestnut soil exhibited narrow and deep placement, while in sandy chestnut soil placement was wide and shallow. This research lays a foundation for development of innovative and efficient water and fertilizer utilization technology for P. vulgaris in the Bashang area.

Key words: stratified excavation, drip irrigation, Phaseolus vulgaris, root system, spatiotemporal distribution