草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 80-93.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024093
蔡文祺1(), 李淑霞1,2,3(), 王晓彤1, 宋文学1, 麻旭霞1, 马小梅1, 李小红1, 代昕瑶1
收稿日期:
2024-03-25
修回日期:
2024-04-26
出版日期:
2025-01-20
发布日期:
2024-11-04
通讯作者:
李淑霞
作者简介:
E-mail: lishuxia620@163.com基金资助:
Wen-qi CAI1(), Shu-xia LI1,2,3(), Xiao-tong WANG1, Wen-xue SONG1, Xu-xia MA1, Xiao-mei MA1, Xiao-hong LI1, Xin-yao DAI1
Received:
2024-03-25
Revised:
2024-04-26
Online:
2025-01-20
Published:
2024-11-04
Contact:
Shu-xia LI
摘要:
为明确外源褪黑素和乙烯在调控植物耐盐性方面的交互作用,以‘中苜一号’紫花苜蓿为试验材料,通过叶面喷施褪黑素、乙烯利和褪黑素+乙烯利的方法,研究外源施加褪黑素和乙烯对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明:外源施加一系列浓度的褪黑素处理(0.01、0.02、0.05、0.10 mmol·L-1 MT)和乙烯利处理(0.05、0.15、0.25、0.50 mmol·L-1 ETH)均对盐胁迫下(250 mmol·L-1 NaCl)紫花苜蓿幼苗的生长损伤具有缓解作用,并以0.05 mmol·L-1 褪黑素处理和0.15 mmol·L-1乙烯利处理缓解效果最佳,其幼苗株高、叶面积、鲜重、叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素含量显著增加,相对电导率显著降低。采用以上最佳处理浓度试验发现:与对照组相比,盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗的生长明显被抑制;与单独盐处理组相比,外源施加激素后紫花苜蓿幼苗长势明显较好,尤其是同时施加褪黑素和乙烯利时,紫花苜蓿幼苗的株高、叶面积和鲜重分别增加了54.1%、76.8%和32.1%,组织含水量和叶绿素含量分别增加了46.2%和47.8%,相对电导率和丙二醛含量分别降低了23.5%和39.7%,过氧化氢和超氧阴离子含量分别减少了42.7%和63.8%,超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化物酶POD、过氧化氢酶CAT和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶APX活性分别增加了54.1%、54.1%、59.1%和62.0%,还原性谷胱甘肽GSH含量增加32.8%,脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量增加了42.2%和27.2%,钾钠离子比值增加了217.5%,植株内源褪黑素和乙烯含量分别增加了60.0%和10.6%。综合分析表明,外源施加褪黑素和乙烯能够显著降低紫花苜蓿膜脂过氧化水平和活性氧积累,增加抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,调控植株体内离子平衡,增加幼苗内源激素含量,提高紫花苜蓿幼苗的耐盐性,从而促进盐胁迫下幼苗的生长。
蔡文祺, 李淑霞, 王晓彤, 宋文学, 麻旭霞, 马小梅, 李小红, 代昕瑶. 外源褪黑素与乙烯交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(1): 80-93.
Wen-qi CAI, Shu-xia LI, Xiao-tong WANG, Wen-xue SONG, Xu-xia MA, Xiao-mei MA, Xiao-hong LI, Xin-yao DAI. Effects of interaction between exogenous melatonin and ethylene on the growth and physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa seedlings under salt stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(1): 80-93.
图1 不同浓度的褪黑素和乙烯利对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗株高和叶面积的影响不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different lowercase letters indicate significantly difference among treatments at the 0.05 level. S: 250 mmol·L-1盐NaCl; MT: 褪黑素Melatonin; ETH: 乙烯利Ethephon.下同The same below.
Fig.1 Influence of different concentrations of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) on plant height and leaf area of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图2 不同浓度的褪黑素和乙烯利对紫花苜蓿幼苗在盐胁迫下的鲜重和相对电导率的影响
Fig.2 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) on fresh weight and relative conductivity of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图3 不同浓度的褪黑素和乙烯利对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗光合色素含量的影响
Fig.3 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) on the photosynthetic pigment content of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图4 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对紫花苜蓿幼苗在盐胁迫下表型、株高、叶面积和鲜重的影响CK: 对照Control; S: 250 mmol·L-1 NaCl; MT: 0.05 mmol·L-1褪黑素Melatonin; ETH: 0.15 mmol·L-1乙烯利Ethephon. 下同The same below.
Fig.4 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on phenotype, plant height, leaf area and fresh weight of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图5 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗组织含水量和叶绿素含量的影响
Fig.5 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on tissue water content and chlorophyll content of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图6 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗相对电导率和丙二醛含量的影响
Fig.6 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图7 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗活性氧含量的影响
Fig.7 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on reactive oxygen species content in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图8 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗抗氧化系统的影响
Fig.8 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on the antioxidant system of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图9 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗渗透调节物质含量的影响
Fig.9 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on the content of osmotic regulatory substances in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
项目Item | CK | S | S+MT | S+ETH | S+MT+ETH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Na+ (mg·g-1) | 19.01±0.58d | 76.32±2.76a | 52.01±0.40b | 49.60±1.75b | 34.48±1.09c |
K+ (mg·g-1) | 42.03±0.96a | 29.22±1.24d | 32.64±1.25cd | 36.69±0.72bc | 39.99±0.29ab |
K+/Na+ | 2.22±0.11a | 0.40±0.02c | 0.59±0.04c | 0.69±0.07bc | 1.27±0.28b |
表1 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗Na+和K+含量的影响
Table 1 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on Na+ and K+ content in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
项目Item | CK | S | S+MT | S+ETH | S+MT+ETH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Na+ (mg·g-1) | 19.01±0.58d | 76.32±2.76a | 52.01±0.40b | 49.60±1.75b | 34.48±1.09c |
K+ (mg·g-1) | 42.03±0.96a | 29.22±1.24d | 32.64±1.25cd | 36.69±0.72bc | 39.99±0.29ab |
K+/Na+ | 2.22±0.11a | 0.40±0.02c | 0.59±0.04c | 0.69±0.07bc | 1.27±0.28b |
图10 褪黑素和乙烯利交互对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗MT和ETH含量的影响
Fig.10 Effects of melatonin (MT) and ethephon (ETH) interaction on MT and ETH content in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress
图11 各单项指标间的主成分分析PH: 株高Plant height; Leaf area: 叶面积; TWC: 组织含水量Tissue water content; SPAD: 叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content; EC: 相对电导率Relative conductivity; MDA: 丙二醛含量Malondialdehyde content; K+/Na+: 钾钠离子比值Potassium sodium ion ratio; H2O2: 过氧化氢含量Hydrogen peroxide content; O2-: 超氧阴离子含量Superoxide anion content; Pro: 脯氨酸含量Proline content; SS: 可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content; SOD: 超氧化物歧化酶活性Superoxide dismutase activity; POD: 过氧化物酶活性Peroxidase activity; CAT: 过氧化氢酶活性Catalase activity; APX: 抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性Ascorbate peroxidase activity; GSH: 还原性谷胱甘肽含量Reduced glutathione content; MT: 褪黑素含量Melatonin content; ETH: 乙烯利含量Ethephon content.
Fig.11 Principal component analysis among individual indicators
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