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草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 27-37.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024214

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

引黄灌区复种饲用燕麦种植模式产量、品质及经济效益分析

王腾飞1,2(), 马霞1,2, 刘金龙3, 王斌1,2, 张译尹1,2, 李佳旺1,2, 马江萍1,2, 王小兵1,2, 兰剑1,2()   

  1. 1.宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
    3.宁夏千叶青农业科技发展有限公司,宁夏 石嘴山 753000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06 修回日期:2024-07-29 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 兰剑
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: ndlanjian@163.com
    王腾飞(1997-),男,宁夏固原人,在读博士。E-mail: tengfei_4740@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01);“一年两熟”人工草地可持续发展模式研究与示范项目(2021BBF02001)

Analysis of the yield, quality and economic benefits from multiple cropping of fodder oats in the Yellow River irrigation area

Teng-fei WANG1,2(), Xia MA1,2, Jin-long LIU3, Bin WANG1,2, Yi-yin ZHANG1,2, Jia-wang LI1,2, Jiang-ping MA1,2, Xiao-bing WANG1,2, Jian LAN1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China
    3.Ningxia Qianyeqing Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co. ,Ltd. ,Shizuishan 753000,China
  • Received:2024-06-06 Revised:2024-07-29 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-02-19
  • Contact: Jian LAN

摘要:

为探讨适合宁夏引黄灌区麦后复种燕麦种植模式,以燕麦、箭筈豌豆和毛苕子为试验材料,设置2种混播模式和3种单播模式,研究不同种植模式对草地种间竞争、生产性能和经济效益的影响。2年试验结果表明,复种燕麦混播模式相较燕麦单作在土地资源利用、生产力提升、营养品质改善和经济效益方面具有明显优势。复种燕麦混播模式土地当量比(LER)均大于1,土地利用效率平均提高21%,复种燕麦×箭筈豌豆对草地生产力提高效果明显,其中干草产量(8.37 t·hm-2)、粗蛋白产量(1049.58 kg·hm-2)和经济效益(8817元·hm-2)较复种燕麦单作显著提高了16.97%、42.49%和30.89%。复种燕麦×毛苕子对营养价值改善明显,其中粗蛋白含量(13.33%)和相对饲喂价值(114.55)较复种燕麦单作显著提高了29.92%和17.78%。综上,可根据实际需求选择不同麦后复种模式,对牧草需求量大,可优先选择燕麦×箭筈豌豆混播模式;对牧草营养品质要求较高,推荐燕麦×毛苕子混播模式。研究结果对宁夏引黄灌区耕地资源潜力的挖掘和种植结构的调整提供了实践依据。

关键词: 引黄灌区, 混播, 粗蛋白产量, 营养品质, 土地当量比, 经济效益

Abstract:

This research evaluated different mixed cropping options for planting oats after wheat in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area. Two mixed planting patterns and three sole crop planting treatments were established with oats (Avena sativa), common vetch (Vicia sativa) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), to study the effects on interspecific competition, yield performance and economic benefits over two years. The results showed that oats sown in mixtures with vetch outperformed oats sown as a sole crop in terms of land resource utilization, productivity enhancement, nutritional quality improvement, and economic benefit. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of the replanted oat mixed cropped with vetch was greater than 1, and the land use efficiency increased by 21% on average. The effect of replanting oat with common vetch on crop productivity was substantial. In this mixture, the hay yield was 8.37 t·ha-1, crude protein yield was 1049.58 kg·ha-1 and economic benefit was 8817 CNY·ha-1. These values were increased (P<0.05) by 16.97%, 42.49% and 30.89%, respectively, compared to oat monoculture. Similarly, the crop nutritional value was improved in mixed crops of oats with hairy vetch. In this mixture, the relative feeding value was 114.55 and crude protein content was increased (P<0.05) by 29.92% compared to oats alone, where crude protein content was 13.33%. In conclusion, different modes of replanting after wheat can be selected according to the actual forage demand. When the forage demand is high, oat-common vetch mixtures offer higher yield; when it is desired to optimize forage nutritional quality oat-hairy vetch mixtures are recommended. The results of the study provide practical guidelines for improving the potential of arable land resources and adjusting the planting mixture according to forage requirement in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia.

Key words: Yellow River irrigation area, mixture sowing, crude protein yield, nutritional quality, land equivalent ratio, economic benefits