草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (8): 134-143.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025334
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
张浩东(
), 荆玉倩, 冯家欣, 刘百峤, 冯江, 孙楠, 霍文婕, 郭刚, 刘强(
), 王聪
收稿日期:2025-08-18
修回日期:2025-09-22
出版日期:2026-08-20
发布日期:2026-06-22
通讯作者:
刘强
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: liuqiangabc@163.com基金资助:
Hao-dong ZHANG(
), Yu-qian JING, Jia-xin FENG, Bai-qiao LIU, Jiang FENG, Nan SUN, Wen-jie HUO, Gang GUO, Qiang LIU(
), Cong WANG
Received:2025-08-18
Revised:2025-09-22
Online:2026-08-20
Published:2026-06-22
Contact:
Qiang LIU
摘要:
本试验旨在探究25-羟基维生素D3(CAL)和包被CAL(CCAL)对奶公牛生长性能、养分消化、瘤胃发酵、血液指标和肌肉蛋白质合成关键基因表达的影响。选择50头体重[(175.6±16.81) kg]和年龄[(6.0±0.2)月]相近的荷斯坦公牛,依据随机区组设计分为5组,每组10头牛。对照组饲喂基础日粮,低CAL(LCAL)、高CAL(HCAL)、低CCAL(LCCAL)和高CCAL(HCCAL)组分别以CAL或CCAL的形式补充0.5或1.0 mg CAL·d-1。公牛饲养试验期为70 d,其中预饲期10 d,正式试验期间测定公牛体重,采集饲料样、粪样、瘤胃液、血液和肌肉组织样品。结果显示:1)随CAL或CCAL添加水平的增加,公牛平均日增重(ADG)线性提高(P<0.05),料重比线性降低(P<0.05);干物质、有机物和中性洗涤纤维表观消化率线性提高(P<0.05);瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量、异丁酸和异戊酸摩尔比线性提高(P<0.05),乙酸/丙酸线性降低(P<0.05);血液总蛋白、白蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、CAL和1,25-二羟基维生素D3含量线性提高(P<0.05),丙二醛含量线性降低(P<0.05);肌肉IGF-1、胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(IGF-1R)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)和核糖体蛋白S6激酶(P70S6K)mRNA相对表达量线性提高(P<0.05)。2)CCAL组公牛ADG、血液T-AOC、GSH-Px、CAL和1,25-二羟基维生素D3含量、肌肉IGF-1、IGF-1R、PI3K、mTOR和P70S6K mRNA相对表达量显著高于CAL组(P<0.05),养分消化率和瘤胃TVFA含量与CAL组无显著差异(P>0.05),料重比显著低于CAL组(P<0.05)。综上表明,CCAL对提高公牛生长性能和降低料重比较CAL更有效。
张浩东, 荆玉倩, 冯家欣, 刘百峤, 冯江, 孙楠, 霍文婕, 郭刚, 刘强, 王聪. 25-羟基维生素D3对奶公牛生产性能和肌肉蛋白质合成基因表达的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(8): 134-143.
Hao-dong ZHANG, Yu-qian JING, Jia-xin FENG, Bai-qiao LIU, Jiang FENG, Nan SUN, Wen-jie HUO, Gang GUO, Qiang LIU, Cong WANG. Effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on growth performance and expression of genes related to protein synthesis in muscle of dairy bulls[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(8): 134-143.
原料 Ingredient | 含量 Content (%) | 营养水平2) Nutrient level | 含量 Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 玉米青贮Corn silage | 35.00 | 有机物OM (%) | 91.92 |
| 苜蓿干草Alfalfa hay | 7.00 | 粗蛋白质CP (%) | 13.41 |
| 麦秸Wheat straw | 8.00 | 粗脂肪EE (%) | 1.42 |
| 玉米Corn | 31.00 | 中性洗涤纤维NDF (%) | 42.41 |
| 麸皮Wheat bran | 4.70 | 酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%) | 26.31 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 5.00 | 钙Ca (%) | 0.81 |
| 菜籽粕Rapeseed meal | 2.50 | 磷P (%) | 0.42 |
| 棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 5.00 | 增重净能NEg (MJ·kg-1) | 6.18 |
| 碳酸钙CaCO3 | 0.50 | ||
| 食盐NaCl | 0.50 | ||
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 0.30 | ||
| 预混料1) Premix | 0.50 | ||
| 合计Total | 100.00 |
表1 基础日粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)
Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diet (dry matter basis)
原料 Ingredient | 含量 Content (%) | 营养水平2) Nutrient level | 含量 Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 玉米青贮Corn silage | 35.00 | 有机物OM (%) | 91.92 |
| 苜蓿干草Alfalfa hay | 7.00 | 粗蛋白质CP (%) | 13.41 |
| 麦秸Wheat straw | 8.00 | 粗脂肪EE (%) | 1.42 |
| 玉米Corn | 31.00 | 中性洗涤纤维NDF (%) | 42.41 |
| 麸皮Wheat bran | 4.70 | 酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%) | 26.31 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 5.00 | 钙Ca (%) | 0.81 |
| 菜籽粕Rapeseed meal | 2.50 | 磷P (%) | 0.42 |
| 棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 5.00 | 增重净能NEg (MJ·kg-1) | 6.18 |
| 碳酸钙CaCO3 | 0.50 | ||
| 食盐NaCl | 0.50 | ||
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 0.30 | ||
| 预混料1) Premix | 0.50 | ||
| 合计Total | 100.00 |
项目 Item | 天数 Days (d) | 组别Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | |||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | |||||||||
干物质采食量DMI (kg·d-1) | 1~30 | 5.60 | 5.64 | 5.69 | 5.78 | 5.86 | 0.113 | 0.277 | 0.246 | 0.253 | 0.286 | 0.716 |
| 30~60 | 6.36 | 6.43 | 6.52 | 6.59 | 6.34 | 0.098 | 0.334 | 0.297 | 0.278 | 0.686 | 0.587 | |
| 1~60 | 5.98 | 6.04 | 6.10 | 6.18 | 6.10 | 0.104 | 0.261 | 0.237 | 0.217 | 0.305 | 0.223 | |
体重 BW (kg) | 1 | 189.42 | 190.63 | 191.64 | 194.54 | 188.83 | 3.374 | 0.862 | 0.764 | 0.637 | 0.268 | 0.312 |
| 30 | 225.67 | 227.24 | 230.01 | 233.45 | 228.13 | 4.016 | 0.542 | 0.033 | 0.231 | 0.027 | 0.108 | |
| 60 | 263.78 | 265.92 | 271.43 | 274.15 | 268.21 | 3.148 | 0.267 | 0.023 | 0.199 | 0.018 | 0.301 | |
平均日增重ADG (kg·d-1) | 1~30 | 1.21 | 1.22 | 1.28 | 1.30 | 1.31 | 0.021 | 0.105 | 0.011 | 0.238 | 0.013 | 0.221 |
| 30~60 | 1.27 | 1.29 | 1.38 | 1.40 | 1.36 | 0.023 | 0.039 | 0.033 | 0.207 | 0.015 | 0.216 | |
| 1~60 | 1.24 | 1.26 | 1.33 | 1.35 | 1.34 | 0.017 | 0.044 | 0.020 | 0.249 | 0.017 | 0.194 | |
料重比 DMI/ADG | 1~30 | 4.63 | 4.62 | 4.45 | 4.44 | 4.47 | 0.108 | 0.107 | 0.034 | 0.122 | 0.011 | 0.217 |
| 30~60 | 5.01 | 4.97 | 4.72 | 4.71 | 4.66 | 0.106 | 0.046 | 0.023 | 0.371 | 0.009 | 0.222 | |
| 1~60 | 4.83 | 4.80 | 4.59 | 4.58 | 4.57 | 0.087 | 0.038 | 0.021 | 0.175 | 0.014 | 0.261 | |
表2 25-羟基维生素D3和包被25-羟基维生素D3对公牛生长性能的影响
Table 2 Effects of calcidiol (CAL) and coated calcidiol (CCAL) on growth performance in bulls
项目 Item | 天数 Days (d) | 组别Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | |||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | |||||||||
干物质采食量DMI (kg·d-1) | 1~30 | 5.60 | 5.64 | 5.69 | 5.78 | 5.86 | 0.113 | 0.277 | 0.246 | 0.253 | 0.286 | 0.716 |
| 30~60 | 6.36 | 6.43 | 6.52 | 6.59 | 6.34 | 0.098 | 0.334 | 0.297 | 0.278 | 0.686 | 0.587 | |
| 1~60 | 5.98 | 6.04 | 6.10 | 6.18 | 6.10 | 0.104 | 0.261 | 0.237 | 0.217 | 0.305 | 0.223 | |
体重 BW (kg) | 1 | 189.42 | 190.63 | 191.64 | 194.54 | 188.83 | 3.374 | 0.862 | 0.764 | 0.637 | 0.268 | 0.312 |
| 30 | 225.67 | 227.24 | 230.01 | 233.45 | 228.13 | 4.016 | 0.542 | 0.033 | 0.231 | 0.027 | 0.108 | |
| 60 | 263.78 | 265.92 | 271.43 | 274.15 | 268.21 | 3.148 | 0.267 | 0.023 | 0.199 | 0.018 | 0.301 | |
平均日增重ADG (kg·d-1) | 1~30 | 1.21 | 1.22 | 1.28 | 1.30 | 1.31 | 0.021 | 0.105 | 0.011 | 0.238 | 0.013 | 0.221 |
| 30~60 | 1.27 | 1.29 | 1.38 | 1.40 | 1.36 | 0.023 | 0.039 | 0.033 | 0.207 | 0.015 | 0.216 | |
| 1~60 | 1.24 | 1.26 | 1.33 | 1.35 | 1.34 | 0.017 | 0.044 | 0.020 | 0.249 | 0.017 | 0.194 | |
料重比 DMI/ADG | 1~30 | 4.63 | 4.62 | 4.45 | 4.44 | 4.47 | 0.108 | 0.107 | 0.034 | 0.122 | 0.011 | 0.217 |
| 30~60 | 5.01 | 4.97 | 4.72 | 4.71 | 4.66 | 0.106 | 0.046 | 0.023 | 0.371 | 0.009 | 0.222 | |
| 1~60 | 4.83 | 4.80 | 4.59 | 4.58 | 4.57 | 0.087 | 0.038 | 0.021 | 0.175 | 0.014 | 0.261 | |
项目 Item | 养分表观消化率 | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient apparent digestibility (%) | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||||||
线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | |||||||
| 干物质Dry matter | 71.32 | 72.45 | 74.13 | 73.67 | 74.56 | 1.065 | 0.217 | 0.027 | 0.871 | 0.016 | 0.538 |
| 有机物Organic matter | 73.01 | 74.78 | 75.89 | 75.21 | 76.04 | 0.912 | 0.116 | 0.020 | 0.834 | 0.023 | 0.488 |
| 粗蛋白质Crude protein | 77.78 | 78.22 | 77.20 | 77.89 | 78.56 | 1.113 | 0.215 | 0.239 | 0.795 | 0.554 | 0.672 |
| 粗脂肪Ether extract | 86.67 | 85.94 | 87.13 | 88.44 | 86.50 | 1.574 | 0.108 | 0.586 | 0.558 | 0.408 | 0.513 |
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber | 54.42 | 57.31 | 57.45 | 56.82 | 58.14 | 1.339 | 0.372 | 0.035 | 0.673 | 0.037 | 0.814 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber | 41.43 | 41.56 | 40.13 | 40.94 | 42.32 | 1.408 | 0.346 | 0.174 | 0.782 | 0.632 | 0.493 |
表3 25-羟基维生素D3和包被25-羟基维生素D3对公牛养分表观消化率的影响
Table 3 Effects of calcidiol (CAL) and coated calcidiol (CCAL) on nutrient apparent digestibility in bulls
项目 Item | 养分表观消化率 | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient apparent digestibility (%) | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||||||
线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | |||||||
| 干物质Dry matter | 71.32 | 72.45 | 74.13 | 73.67 | 74.56 | 1.065 | 0.217 | 0.027 | 0.871 | 0.016 | 0.538 |
| 有机物Organic matter | 73.01 | 74.78 | 75.89 | 75.21 | 76.04 | 0.912 | 0.116 | 0.020 | 0.834 | 0.023 | 0.488 |
| 粗蛋白质Crude protein | 77.78 | 78.22 | 77.20 | 77.89 | 78.56 | 1.113 | 0.215 | 0.239 | 0.795 | 0.554 | 0.672 |
| 粗脂肪Ether extract | 86.67 | 85.94 | 87.13 | 88.44 | 86.50 | 1.574 | 0.108 | 0.586 | 0.558 | 0.408 | 0.513 |
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber | 54.42 | 57.31 | 57.45 | 56.82 | 58.14 | 1.339 | 0.372 | 0.035 | 0.673 | 0.037 | 0.814 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber | 41.43 | 41.56 | 40.13 | 40.94 | 42.32 | 1.408 | 0.346 | 0.174 | 0.782 | 0.632 | 0.493 |
项目 Item | 组别Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||||||||
| pH | 6.39 | 6.32 | 6.35 | 6.38 | 6.37 | 0.026 | 0.305 | 0.366 | 0.205 | 0.217 | 0.432 |
| 总挥发性脂肪酸TVFA (mmol·L-1) | 98.32 | 101.30 | 108.21 | 110.14 | 107.32 | 3.561 | 0.103 | 0.026 | 0.267 | 0.014 | 0.305 |
| 乙酸Acetate (%) | 65.56 | 64.21 | 64.44 | 64.62 | 65.53 | 0.818 | 0.167 | 0.491 | 0.687 | 0.396 | 0.318 |
| 丙酸Propionate (%) | 20.72 | 21.54 | 21.11 | 22.20 | 21.42 | 0.561 | 0.222 | 0.192 | 0.269 | 0.157 | 0.126 |
| 丁酸Butyrate (%) | 10.13 | 10.21 | 10.78 | 10.24 | 9.98 | 0.062 | 0.304 | 0.267 | 0.226 | 0.454 | 0.329 |
| 戊酸Valerate (%) | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.03 | 0.048 | 0.268 | 0.495 | 0.610 | 0.461 | 0.497 |
| 异丁酸Isobutyrate (%) | 1.06 | 1.21 | 1.15 | 1.16 | 1.20 | 0.053 | 0.527 | 0.024 | 0.626 | 0.029 | 0.166 |
| 异戊酸Isovalerate (%) | 1.49 | 1.88 | 1.81 | 1.77 | 1.84 | 0.046 | 0.108 | 0.042 | 0.283 | 0.037 | 0.493 |
| 乙酸/丙酸Acetate/Propionate | 3.16 | 2.98 | 3.05 | 2.91 | 3.06 | 0.055 | 0.332 | 0.028 | 0.561 | 0.022 | 0.398 |
| 氨态氮NH3-N (mg·dL-1) | 12.93 | 11.78 | 11.32 | 11.90 | 12.31 | 1.022 | 0.234 | 0.272 | 0.347 | 0.206 | 0.108 |
| 微生物蛋白质MCP (mg·mL-1) | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.031 | 0.372 | 0.124 | 0.257 | 0.365 | 0.201 |
表4 25-羟基维生素D3和包被25-羟基维生素D3对公牛瘤胃发酵的影响
Table 4 Effects of calcidiol (CAL) and coated calcidiol (CCAL) on rumen fermentation in bulls
项目 Item | 组别Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||||||||
| pH | 6.39 | 6.32 | 6.35 | 6.38 | 6.37 | 0.026 | 0.305 | 0.366 | 0.205 | 0.217 | 0.432 |
| 总挥发性脂肪酸TVFA (mmol·L-1) | 98.32 | 101.30 | 108.21 | 110.14 | 107.32 | 3.561 | 0.103 | 0.026 | 0.267 | 0.014 | 0.305 |
| 乙酸Acetate (%) | 65.56 | 64.21 | 64.44 | 64.62 | 65.53 | 0.818 | 0.167 | 0.491 | 0.687 | 0.396 | 0.318 |
| 丙酸Propionate (%) | 20.72 | 21.54 | 21.11 | 22.20 | 21.42 | 0.561 | 0.222 | 0.192 | 0.269 | 0.157 | 0.126 |
| 丁酸Butyrate (%) | 10.13 | 10.21 | 10.78 | 10.24 | 9.98 | 0.062 | 0.304 | 0.267 | 0.226 | 0.454 | 0.329 |
| 戊酸Valerate (%) | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.03 | 0.048 | 0.268 | 0.495 | 0.610 | 0.461 | 0.497 |
| 异丁酸Isobutyrate (%) | 1.06 | 1.21 | 1.15 | 1.16 | 1.20 | 0.053 | 0.527 | 0.024 | 0.626 | 0.029 | 0.166 |
| 异戊酸Isovalerate (%) | 1.49 | 1.88 | 1.81 | 1.77 | 1.84 | 0.046 | 0.108 | 0.042 | 0.283 | 0.037 | 0.493 |
| 乙酸/丙酸Acetate/Propionate | 3.16 | 2.98 | 3.05 | 2.91 | 3.06 | 0.055 | 0.332 | 0.028 | 0.561 | 0.022 | 0.398 |
| 氨态氮NH3-N (mg·dL-1) | 12.93 | 11.78 | 11.32 | 11.90 | 12.31 | 1.022 | 0.234 | 0.272 | 0.347 | 0.206 | 0.108 |
| 微生物蛋白质MCP (mg·mL-1) | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.031 | 0.372 | 0.124 | 0.257 | 0.365 | 0.201 |
项目 Item | 组别Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||||||||
| 葡萄糖Glucose (mmol·L-1) | 4.97 | 4.90 | 4.90 | 4.89 | 5.01 | 0.198 | 0.254 | 0.452 | 0.296 | 0.430 | 0.479 |
| 总蛋白Total protein (g·L-1) | 68.67 | 70.00 | 72.62 | 73.54 | 72.31 | 1.382 | 0.096 | 0.037 | 0.482 | 0.022 | 0.376 |
| 白蛋白Albumin (g·L-1) | 34.73 | 35.11 | 37.03 | 36.62 | 37.52 | 1.057 | 0.237 | 0.036 | 0.639 | 0.024 | 0.241 |
| 尿素氮Urea nitrogen (mmol·L-1) | 4.54 | 4.25 | 4.50 | 4.39 | 4.28 | 0.281 | 0.316 | 0.364 | 0.291 | 0.378 | 0.462 |
| 胰岛素样生长因子1 IGF-1 (ng·mL-1) | 85.42 | 93.44 | 114.53 | 122.01 | 99.03 | 6.791 | 0.205 | 0.036 | 0.280 | 0.037 | 0.098 |
| 总抗氧化能力T-AOC (U·mL-1) | 12.31 | 15.20 | 18.10 | 20.32 | 18.89 | 1.059 | 0.026 | 0.012 | 0.394 | 0.007 | 0.235 |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px (U·mL-1) | 73.43 | 91.64 | 97.42 | 114.33 | 110.74 | 3.250 | 0.013 | 0.036 | 0.268 | 0.016 | 0.319 |
| 丙二醛MDA (nmol·L-1) | 4.09 | 3.22 | 3.17 | 2.94 | 3.13 | 0.113 | 0.401 | 0.045 | 0.591 | 0.039 | 0.243 |
| CAL (ng·mL-1) | 45.82 | 55.91 | 105.31 | 185.45 | 194.72 | 15.217 | 0.002 | 0.013 | 0.490 | 0.008 | 0.346 |
| CCAL (pg·mL-1) | 94.32 | 104.78 | 103.91 | 136.74 | 141.67 | 14.092 | 0.003 | 0.012 | 0.300 | 0.006 | 0.278 |
| 钙Ca (mmol·L-1) | 2.55 | 2.58 | 2.54 | 2.54 | 2.52 | 0.049 | 0.407 | 0.232 | 0.396 | 0.645 | 0.358 |
| 磷P (mmol·L-1) | 1.17 | 1.16 | 1.35 | 1.36 | 1.25 | 0.119 | 0.325 | 0.237 | 0.424 | 0.308 | 0.586 |
| 碱性磷酸酶ALP (U·L-1) | 111.63 | 113.12 | 107.24 | 109.21 | 108.34 | 12.463 | 0.216 | 0.184 | 0.311 | 0.271 | 0.174 |
表5 25-羟基维生素D3和包被25-羟基维生素D3对公牛血液指标的影响
Table 5 Effects of calcidiol (CAL) and coated calcidiol (CCAL) on blood indicators in bulls
项目 Item | 组别Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||||||||
| 葡萄糖Glucose (mmol·L-1) | 4.97 | 4.90 | 4.90 | 4.89 | 5.01 | 0.198 | 0.254 | 0.452 | 0.296 | 0.430 | 0.479 |
| 总蛋白Total protein (g·L-1) | 68.67 | 70.00 | 72.62 | 73.54 | 72.31 | 1.382 | 0.096 | 0.037 | 0.482 | 0.022 | 0.376 |
| 白蛋白Albumin (g·L-1) | 34.73 | 35.11 | 37.03 | 36.62 | 37.52 | 1.057 | 0.237 | 0.036 | 0.639 | 0.024 | 0.241 |
| 尿素氮Urea nitrogen (mmol·L-1) | 4.54 | 4.25 | 4.50 | 4.39 | 4.28 | 0.281 | 0.316 | 0.364 | 0.291 | 0.378 | 0.462 |
| 胰岛素样生长因子1 IGF-1 (ng·mL-1) | 85.42 | 93.44 | 114.53 | 122.01 | 99.03 | 6.791 | 0.205 | 0.036 | 0.280 | 0.037 | 0.098 |
| 总抗氧化能力T-AOC (U·mL-1) | 12.31 | 15.20 | 18.10 | 20.32 | 18.89 | 1.059 | 0.026 | 0.012 | 0.394 | 0.007 | 0.235 |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px (U·mL-1) | 73.43 | 91.64 | 97.42 | 114.33 | 110.74 | 3.250 | 0.013 | 0.036 | 0.268 | 0.016 | 0.319 |
| 丙二醛MDA (nmol·L-1) | 4.09 | 3.22 | 3.17 | 2.94 | 3.13 | 0.113 | 0.401 | 0.045 | 0.591 | 0.039 | 0.243 |
| CAL (ng·mL-1) | 45.82 | 55.91 | 105.31 | 185.45 | 194.72 | 15.217 | 0.002 | 0.013 | 0.490 | 0.008 | 0.346 |
| CCAL (pg·mL-1) | 94.32 | 104.78 | 103.91 | 136.74 | 141.67 | 14.092 | 0.003 | 0.012 | 0.300 | 0.006 | 0.278 |
| 钙Ca (mmol·L-1) | 2.55 | 2.58 | 2.54 | 2.54 | 2.52 | 0.049 | 0.407 | 0.232 | 0.396 | 0.645 | 0.358 |
| 磷P (mmol·L-1) | 1.17 | 1.16 | 1.35 | 1.36 | 1.25 | 0.119 | 0.325 | 0.237 | 0.424 | 0.308 | 0.586 |
| 碱性磷酸酶ALP (U·L-1) | 111.63 | 113.12 | 107.24 | 109.21 | 108.34 | 12.463 | 0.216 | 0.184 | 0.311 | 0.271 | 0.174 |
项目 Item | 组别 Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||||||||
| 胰岛素样生长因子1 IGF-1 | 1.04 | 1.13 | 1.38 | 1.60 | 1.49 | 0.083 | 0.019 | 0.043 | 0.441 | 0.005 | 0.312 |
| 胰岛素样生长因子1受体 IGF-1R | 1.04 | 1.11 | 1.70 | 1.86 | 1.78 | 0.062 | 0.011 | 0.027 | 0.362 | 0.013 | 0.370 |
| 磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶PI3K | 1.04 | 1.23 | 1.28 | 1.44 | 1.36 | 0.042 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.257 | 0.013 | 0.254 |
| 哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白mTOR | 1.01 | 1.14 | 1.39 | 1.55 | 1.47 | 0.074 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.112 | 0.006 | 0.388 |
| 核糖体蛋白S6激酶P70S6K | 1.03 | 1.12 | 1.63 | 1.84 | 1.73 | 0.081 | 0.032 | 0.021 | 0.386 | 0.011 | 0.346 |
表6 25-羟基维生素D3和包被25-羟基维生素D3对公牛肌肉蛋白质合成基因表达的影响
Table 6 Effects of calcidiol (CAL) and coated calcidiol (CCAL) on expression of genes related to protein synthesis in bulls
项目 Item | 组别 Group | 标准误 SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | LCAL | HCAL | LCCAL | HCCAL | CAL vs CCAL | CAL | CCAL | ||||
| 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||||||||
| 胰岛素样生长因子1 IGF-1 | 1.04 | 1.13 | 1.38 | 1.60 | 1.49 | 0.083 | 0.019 | 0.043 | 0.441 | 0.005 | 0.312 |
| 胰岛素样生长因子1受体 IGF-1R | 1.04 | 1.11 | 1.70 | 1.86 | 1.78 | 0.062 | 0.011 | 0.027 | 0.362 | 0.013 | 0.370 |
| 磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶PI3K | 1.04 | 1.23 | 1.28 | 1.44 | 1.36 | 0.042 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.257 | 0.013 | 0.254 |
| 哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白mTOR | 1.01 | 1.14 | 1.39 | 1.55 | 1.47 | 0.074 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.112 | 0.006 | 0.388 |
| 核糖体蛋白S6激酶P70S6K | 1.03 | 1.12 | 1.63 | 1.84 | 1.73 | 0.081 | 0.032 | 0.021 | 0.386 | 0.011 | 0.346 |
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