菲和芘胁迫下AMF和PGPR对高羊茅生理生态的响应

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018510

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究菲和芘胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)与根围促生细菌(PGPR)对高羊茅生理生态的响应。以菲和芘1∶1混合处理浓度各0、50、100和150 mg·kg^-1下对高羊茅接种AMF变形球囊霉(Gv)、PGPR荧光假单胞菌(Ps2-6)、Gv+Ps2-6和不接种对照共16个处理。结果表明,AMF、PGPR或AMF+PGPR处理均显著增加高羊茅生物量和菌根侵染率,增强植物光合作用,提高叶绿素含量,显著提高植物体内生理活性。在土壤中菲和芘100 mg·kg^-1水平下,与对照相比,双接种Gv+Ps2-6处理的高羊茅叶片叶绿素a、b和总叶绿素含量分别提高57.7%、41.7%和51.8%;净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)和气孔导度(G_s)分别增加70.6%、100.0%、4.5%和78.6%;最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)和PSⅡ潜在活性(F_v/F_o)分别提高2.2%和8.8%;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量分别是对照的1.6、1.5、2.3和2.7倍,丙二醛含量比对照下降46.0%;高羊茅株高和地上鲜重分别比对照增加63.0%和69.6%;接种PGPR处理能够增加AMF侵染率以及菌根依赖性。供试条件下,双接种Gv+Ps2-6处理增加高羊茅叶绿素含量和抗氧化能力,增强光合作用能力,降低膜脂过氧化水平,促进植物生长的作用最为显著。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 根围促生细菌, 菲和芘, 光合, 叶绿素, 生理

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate mechanisms (and their efficiency) for degradation of residues of phenanthrene and pyrene by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). A total of 16 treatments were designed involving Festuca elata, with or without inoculation with AMF Glomus versiforme (Gv), PGPR Pseudomonas fluorescens (Ps2-6), or Gv+Ps2-6, and grown soil with 0 (Control), 50, 100 or 150 mg·kg^-1 added polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (phenanthrene∶pyrene=1∶1 in weight). The results showed that inoculation with AMF, PGPR or AMF+PGPR significantly increased the biomass and mycorrhizal infection rate of tall fescue, enhanced photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of plants, and significantly increased the physiological activity of plants. At 100 mg·kg^-1 phenanthrene and pyrene, the chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content in the leaves of tall fescue were increased by 57.7%, 41.7% and 51.8%, respectively, compared with the Control, and the net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and gas pore conductivity (G_s) were increased by 70.6%, 100.0%, 4.5% and 78.6%, respectively; the maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and PSⅡ potential activity (F_v/F_o) were increased by 2.2% and 8.8%, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), soluble sugar and proline were, respectively, 1.6, 1.5, 2.3 and 2.7 times those of the Control; the malondialdehyde content was decreased by 46.0%, and the height and fresh weight were increased by 63.0% and 69.6%. Inoculation with PGPR increased AMF infection rate and mycorrhizal dependency. Under the test conditions, double inoculation with a Gv+Ps2-6 treatment increased the content of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant capacity of Festuca elata, enhanced photosynthetic capacity, reduced the level of membrane lipid peroxidation, and significantly promoted plant growth.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, phenanthrene and pyrene, photosynthesis, chlorophyll, physiology

李文彬, 宁楚涵, 李伟, 李峰, 郭绍霞. 菲和芘胁迫下AMF和PGPR对高羊茅生理生态的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(8): 84-94.

LI Wen-bin, NING Chu-han, LI Wei, LI Feng, GUO Shao-xia. Responses of AMF and PGPR to Festuca elata under phenanthrene and pyrene stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(8): 84-94.

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