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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 91-105.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025363

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

紫云英种质资源菜肥兼用价值综合评价

刘彩玲1(), 黄水珍2, 黄毅斌1, 叶红云3, 何春梅1, 钟少杰1, 李清华1, 王飞1()   

  1. 1.福建省农业科学院资源环境与土壤肥料研究所/福建省植物营养与肥料重点实验室,福建 福州 350013
    2.福建省南平市农业科学研究所,福建 南平 354200
    3.江苏省无锡环境监测中心,江苏 无锡 214121
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 修回日期:2025-12-01 出版日期:2026-10-20 发布日期:2026-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 王飞
  • 作者简介:E-mail: fjwangfei@163.com
    刘彩玲(1991-),女,福建惠安人,硕士。E-mail: 553036876@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22-G-01);省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2023R1023002);院协同创新工程专项(XTCXQYTS202610);院科技创新平台专项(CXPT202402)

An evaluation using multivariate statistical methods of suitability of 30 Chinese milk vetch germplasm lines for dual purpose vegetable and green manure use

Cai-ling LIU1(), Shui-zhen HUANG2, Yi-bin HUANG1, Hong-yun YE3, Chun-mei HE1, Shao-jie ZHONG1, Qing-hua LI1, Fei WANG1()   

  1. 1.Institute of Resources,Environment and Soil Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Fuzhou 350013,China
    2.Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Nanping 354200,China
    3.Jiangsu Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Center,Wuxi 214121,China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2025-12-01 Online:2026-10-20 Published:2026-09-09
  • Contact: Fei WANG

摘要:

紫云英除传统肥用外,还具有菜用价值,开展紫云英种质资源兼用型评价,有利于提升其经济效应。本研究对30份代表性紫云英种质资源现蕾期菜用和再生期肥用指标进行分析,结合主成分、隶属函数和聚类分析法评价适宜作菜肥兼用品种。结果表明:菜用品质指标中铁(Fe)、硒(Se)、维生素C(Vc)、鲜草产量(FGY)的变异系数均大于20%,早熟种钙(Ca)、锰(Mn)、膳食纤维(Df)、蛋白质(Pro)含量较高,中熟种锌(Zn)、Se、Vc、可溶性糖(SS)含量较高,晚熟种镁(Mg)、Fe、铜(Cu)含量和FGY较高;肥用品质指标中,氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、有机质(SOM)、干草产量(HY)的变异系数均大于25%,早熟种N、P、K、SOM养分累积量及HY均最高。从不同来源来看,菜用养分以西北地区资源的Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Df含量较高,华南地区资源的Ca、SS含量较高,华中地区资源的Zn、Vc、Pro含量较高,华东地区资源的Se含量较高,西南地区的FGY较高;肥用养分以华东地区资源的P养分累积量较高,华南地区资源的N、K、SOM养分累积量和HY较高。基于综合评价D值可将菜肥兼用分为5个聚类(优质级、良好级、中等级、较差级、差级),其中,闽紫1号为优质级菜肥兼用品种;湘乡种、信阳籽、金沙种为良好级菜肥兼用品种;浦城2号、湘紫1号、弋江籽3号等6个品种为中等级菜肥兼用品种。综上,闽紫1号等紫云英品种可作为蔬菜和绿肥两段式利用。

关键词: 紫云英, 种质资源, 菜用, 肥用, 综合评价

Abstract:

Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus) is used both as a green manure fertilizer and a vegetable crop. Hence, we evaluated 30 representative Chinese milk vetch germplasm lines with different maturity dates and from different regions of China, to identify those best suited from an economic benefit perspective for dual purpose green manure and vegetable use. Harvests to determine nutrient status for green manure use and vegetable-use traits were carried out at the budding and post-cutting regrowth crop development stages. Data analysis involved integration of principal component analysis, membership function and cluster analysis. It was found that, with respect to vegetable-use quality traits, early-maturing varieties had higher contents of calcium, manganese, dietary fiber and protein. Medium-maturing varieties exhibited higher contents of zinc, selenium, soluble sugar and vitamin C. Late maturing varieties displayed higher levels of manganese, iron, copper and fresh herbage yield. The coefficients of variation for iron, selenium, vitamin C and fresh herbage yield all exceeded 20%. For fertilizer-use quality traits, early-maturing varieties exhibited the highest concentration for all of the measured nutrients, as well as for hay yield, while the coefficients of variation for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and hay yield all exceeded 25%. Concerning suitability for vegetable use of germplasm lines of different origins, germplasm resources from northwest areas had higher contents of magnesium, iron, manganese, copper and dietary fiber; those from south China exhibited higher contents of calcium, soluble sugar; those from central China had higher zinc, vitamin C and protein, while those from east China had higher selenium content. The fresh herbage yield of accessions from the southwest area was relatively high. For nutrients of interest for fertilizer-use, germplasm resources from east China had higher phosphorus accumulation; those from south China exhibited higher accumulations of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter accumulation and hay yield. Cluster analysis based on a D value from multivariate data analysis classified the tested germplasm into five clusters (high-quality, excellent, medium, poor and low-grade). ‘Minzi No.1’ was a high-quality dual-purpose vegetable and green manure variety; ‘Xiangxiang’, ‘Jinsha’ and ‘Xinyangzi’ were excellent dual-purpose vegetable and green manure varieties. Six varieties including ‘Pucheng No.2’, ‘Xiangzi No.1’ and ‘Yijiangzi No.3’ were medium-quality dual-purpose vegetable and green manure varieties. In summary, ‘Minzi No.1’ and several other accessions were found to be suitable for two-stage utilization as vegetable and green manure.

Key words: Chinese milk vetch, germplasm line, vegetable production, green manure application, multivariate evaluation