草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 83-92.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025278
牛浴林1,2(
), 包明芳1,2, 王文虎1,2, 陈鑫1,2, 刘凯强1,2, 刘文辉1,2, 秦燕1,2(
)
收稿日期:2025-07-03
修回日期:2025-09-03
出版日期:2026-06-20
发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者:
秦燕
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: mule119@163.com基金资助:
Yu-lin NIU1,2(
), Ming-fang BAO1,2, Wen-hu WANG1,2, Xin CHEN1,2, Kai-qiang LIU1,2, Wen-hui LIU1,2, Yan QIN1,2(
)
Received:2025-07-03
Revised:2025-09-03
Online:2026-06-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Yan QIN
摘要:
为了筛选出适宜在环青海湖地区种植的优异无芒雀麦资源,本研究以三江源地区10份野生无芒雀麦种质资源为对象,于青海省海北州分析和比较不同种质资源间农艺性状及饲草产量、种子产量等生产性能,通过构建结构方程模型(SEM)揭示影响产量的关键农艺性状,采用TOPSIS-多准则决策模型对供试无芒雀麦资源的各项指标进行综合评价,为环青海湖地区无芒雀麦种植提供理论依据。结果显示:1)2龄时,GN-2210的株高、茎粗、叶面积和单株种子产量较大,分别为137.20 cm、5.18 mm、30.69 cm2和114.29 g·株-1;3龄时,GN-2210株高、茎粗、叶面积和单株种子产量达到最大,分别为111.80 cm、4.33 mm、25.73 cm2和106.30 g·株-1;2)分段式结构方程(SEM)模型分析表明,叶面积和分蘖数是影响无芒雀麦饲草产量的关键因子,而影响无芒雀麦种子产量的驱动因子为叶面积和茎粗;3)TOPSIS-多准则决策模型表明,GN-221种质资源在生物量积累、单株结实量方面均显著优于其他资源,适宜在青藏高原东部种植与推广。
牛浴林, 包明芳, 王文虎, 陈鑫, 刘凯强, 刘文辉, 秦燕. 三江源地区10份无芒雀麦资源农艺性状与生产性能综合评价[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 83-92.
Yu-lin NIU, Ming-fang BAO, Wen-hu WANG, Xin CHEN, Kai-qiang LIU, Wen-hui LIU, Yan QIN. A multivariate evaluation of agronomic traits, yield and seed production in ten accessions of Bromus inermis from the Three-River-Source Region[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(6): 83-92.
种质编号 Germplasm number | 种质名称 Variety name | 采集地点 Collection places | 小生境 Microhabitat |
|---|---|---|---|
| GN-221 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县茫曲镇Mangqu Town, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 茫拉河河边Mangla river bank |
| GN-222 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县沙沟乡Shagou Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 路边山坡Roadside slopes |
| GN-223 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县塔秀乡Taxiu Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 退化草场Degraded grassland |
| GN-224 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县茫拉乡Mangla Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 山坡阴坡Hillside shady slopes |
| GN-225 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县塔秀乡Taxiu Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 河边Riverside |
| GN-226 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县森多乡Senduo Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 路边灌丛Roadside scrub |
| GN-227 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县沙沟乡Shagou Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 土路中间In the middle of the dirt road |
| GN-228 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县茫拉乡Mangla Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 路边Roadside |
| GN-229 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县沙沟乡Shagou Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 围栏旁Fenced area |
| GN-2210 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县森多乡Senduo Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 围栏封育草场Fence off pastureland |
表1 试验材料的来源信息
Table 1 Sources of experimental materials
种质编号 Germplasm number | 种质名称 Variety name | 采集地点 Collection places | 小生境 Microhabitat |
|---|---|---|---|
| GN-221 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县茫曲镇Mangqu Town, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 茫拉河河边Mangla river bank |
| GN-222 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县沙沟乡Shagou Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 路边山坡Roadside slopes |
| GN-223 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县塔秀乡Taxiu Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 退化草场Degraded grassland |
| GN-224 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县茫拉乡Mangla Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 山坡阴坡Hillside shady slopes |
| GN-225 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县塔秀乡Taxiu Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 河边Riverside |
| GN-226 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县森多乡Senduo Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 路边灌丛Roadside scrub |
| GN-227 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县沙沟乡Shagou Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 土路中间In the middle of the dirt road |
| GN-228 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县茫拉乡Mangla Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 路边Roadside |
| GN-229 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县沙沟乡Shagou Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 围栏旁Fenced area |
| GN-2210 | 无芒雀麦 B.inermis | 青海省贵南县森多乡Senduo Village, Guinan County, Qinghai Province | 围栏封育草场Fence off pastureland |
图1 无芒雀麦种质资源的农艺性状与产量大写字母表示2龄时各种质资源间差异显著(P<0.05),小写字母表示3龄时各种质资源间差异显著(P<0.05)。The capital letters indicate significant differences in 2 years old germplasm resources (P<0.05), the lowercase letters denote significant differences in 3 years old germplasm resources (P<0.05).
Fig.1 Agronomic traits and yield performance of B. inermis germplasm resources
| 项目Item | 处理Treatment | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|
株高 Plant height | 资源 Varieties | 120.488 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 639.544 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 5.413 | 0.001 | |
茎粗 Stem diameter | 资源 Varieties | 44.965 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 119.853 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 1.509 | 0.159 | |
叶面积 Leaf area | 资源 Varieties | 245.412 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 48.712 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 3.346 | 0.002 | |
总分蘖数 Total tillers | 资源 Varieties | 162.928 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 71.772 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 2.545 | 0.013 | |
单株草产量 Grass yield per plant | 资源 Varieties | 22.833 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 0.803 | 0.373 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 0.501 | 0.870 | |
| 单株种子产量Seed yield per plant | 资源 Varieties | 9.196 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 12.578 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 0.600 | 0.793 |
表2 种质资源和龄级对无芒雀麦表型性状和产量的双因素方差分析
Table 2 Two-way ANOVA of the effects of varieties and age groups on phenotypic traits and yield in B. inermis
| 项目Item | 处理Treatment | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|
株高 Plant height | 资源 Varieties | 120.488 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 639.544 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 5.413 | 0.001 | |
茎粗 Stem diameter | 资源 Varieties | 44.965 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 119.853 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 1.509 | 0.159 | |
叶面积 Leaf area | 资源 Varieties | 245.412 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 48.712 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 3.346 | 0.002 | |
总分蘖数 Total tillers | 资源 Varieties | 162.928 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 71.772 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 2.545 | 0.013 | |
单株草产量 Grass yield per plant | 资源 Varieties | 22.833 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 0.803 | 0.373 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 0.501 | 0.870 | |
| 单株种子产量Seed yield per plant | 资源 Varieties | 9.196 | 0.001 |
| 龄级 Age group | 12.578 | 0.001 | |
| 资源×龄级 Varieties×age group | 0.600 | 0.793 |
图5 结构方程模型分析龄级和资源对单株草产量和种子产量的影响路径及各因子的标准化效应值图中实/虚向量线分别表征显著的正向/负向效应关系,数值对应的是标准化路径系数。*表示在0.05水平上差异显著,**表示在0.01水平上差异显著,***表示在0.001水平上差异显著。Solid vectors indicate significant positive effect relationships, while dashed vectors represent significant negative effect relationships. Numerical labels correspond to standardized path coefficients. Asterisks denote significance levels: *: P<0.05, **: P<0.01, ***: P<0.001.
Fig.5 Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of the influence pathways of age groups and germplasm resources on individual plant forage yield, seed yield and standardized effect sizes of key factors
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