不同紫花苜蓿品种在均匀与不均匀盐胁迫下的耐盐性评价

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017461

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤中的盐分分布通常存在空间异质性,单株植物的根系区域土壤盐分变化较大。而目前关于植物品种耐盐性的评价都是在均匀的盐胁迫下进行的,研究不均匀盐胁迫下植物品种的耐盐性更接近自然盐分状况,可以为耐盐品种的选育提供重要的参考依据。选取6个紫花苜蓿品种作为研究对象,通过分根装置在均匀(100/100、200/200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)盐胁迫和不均匀(0/200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)盐胁迫下分别测定植株生长速率、地上生物量、地下生物量、水分吸收、电导率、丙二醛(MDA)、叶绿素(Chl)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量等指标,对各紫花苜蓿品种进行耐盐性比较;并通过隶属函数法对6个紫花苜蓿品种各盐分浓度下的耐盐性进行综合评价。结果表明,不论在哪种盐胁迫(均匀、不均匀)处理下,各紫花苜蓿品种均表现为生长速率下降,地上、地下生物量降低,水分吸收和叶绿素含量减少,膜透性、MDA和Pro含量增加,盐胁迫抑制了植物生长,且各指标存在品种差异。通过综合评价,均匀和不均匀盐胁迫下各品种的耐盐性不同,在均匀盐胁迫(100/100和200/200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)处理下各品种的耐盐性为中苜一号>WL354HQ>WL343HQ>WL353LH>阿尔冈金>WL298HQ,而在不均匀盐胁迫(0/200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)处理下则为中苜一号>WL354HQ>WL298HQ>WL343HQ>WL353LH>阿尔冈金。中苜一号在不同盐胁迫处理下均表现出较高的耐盐性,而阿尔冈金耐盐性较差,WL298HQ在均匀与不均匀盐胁迫下的耐盐性差异较大,其他品种的耐盐性居中。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 耐盐性, 不均匀盐分, 综合评价

Abstract: Soil salinity is rarely spatially uniform under field conditions; it varies greatly in the single plant rhizosphere. While many previous studies have assessed the effects of uniform salt stress on different plant varieties, much less is known about plant salt tolerance under non-uniform salt stress, which more closely resembles field salt conditions. The salt tolerance of six varieties of alfalfa were assessed at uniform salt stress (100, 200 mmol·L^-1NaCl) and non-uniform salt stress (0/200 mmol·L^-1NaCl) by using a split-root system. The plant growth rate, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, water uptake, electric conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll (Chl) and proline (Pro) contents were measured. The membership function method was utilized to assess salt tolerance. Our results showed both uniform salt stress and non-uniform salt stress significantly decreased growth rate, above/below-ground biomass, water uptake, and chlorophyll content, while membrane permeability, malondialdehyde and proline increased at high salt stress. Varieties differed in their response to salt stress. The salt tolerance of each cultivar at uniform salt stress of 100 and 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl was Zhongmu No.1>WL354HQ>WL343HQ>WL353LH>Algonquin>WL298HQ, non-uniform salt stress of 0/200 mmol·L^-1NaCl was Zhongmu No.1>WL354HQ>WL298HQ>WL343HQ>WL353LH>Algonquin. Zhongmu No.1 appeared to be the most tolerant cultivar to different salinity, whereas Algonquin had a lower salt tolerance. WL298HQ under uniform and non-uniform salt stress varied greatly while other cultivars showed a moderate salt tolerance.

Key words: alfalfa (Medicago sativa), salt tolerance, non-uniform salt, comprehensive evaluation

熊雪, 桂维阳, 刘沫含, 陈继辉, 张英俊. 不同紫花苜蓿品种在均匀与不均匀盐胁迫下的耐盐性评价[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(9): 67-76.

XIONG Xue, GUI Wei-yang, LIU Mo-han, CHEN Ji-hui, ZHANG Ying-jun. Evaluation of salt tolerance in different alfalfa varieties under uniform and non-uniform salt stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(9): 67-76.

参考文献

[1] Zhang J L, Flowers T J, Wang S M, et al. Mechanisms of sodium uptake by roots of higher plants. Plant and Soil, 2010, 326(1/2): 45-60.
[2] Mancarella S, Oraini F, Van Oosten M J, et al. Leaf sodium accumulation facilitates salt stress adaptation and preserves photosystem functionality in salt stressed Ocimum basilicum. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2016, 130: 162-173.
[3] Zhang X K, Zhou Q H, Cao J H, et al. Differential Cl-/salt tolerance and NaCl-induced alternations of tissue and cellular ion fluxes in Glycine max, Glycine soja and their hybrid seedlings. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2011, 197(5): 329-339.
[4] Yang F, An F, Ma H, et al. Variations on soil salinity and sodicity and its driving factors analysis under microtopography in different hydrological conditions. Water, 2016, 8(6): 227.
[5] Vald S R, Ochoa J, Snchez-blanco M J, et al. Irrigation volume and the number of emitters per pot affect root growth and saline ion contents in weeping fig. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 2015, 4: 356-364.
[6] Guo Y, Huang J, Shi Z, et al. Mapping spatial variability of soil salinity in a coastal paddy field based on electromagnetic sensors. Plos One, 2015, 10(5): e0127996.
[7] Bazihizina N, Barrett-lennard E G, Colmer T D. Plant growth and physiology under heterogeneous salinity. Plant and Soil, 2012, 354(1/2): 1-19.
[8] Cao H, Zhang H L, Gai Q H, et al. Test and comprehensive assessment on the performance of 22 alfalfa varieties. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(6): 219-229.
曹宏, 章会玲, 盖琼辉, 等. 22个紫花苜蓿品种的引种试验和生产性能综合评价. 草业学报, 2011, 20(6): 219-229.
[9] Sangabriel-conde W, Maldonado-mendoza I E, Mancera M E, et al. Improving salt stress responses of the symbiosis in alfalfa using salt-tolerant cultivar and rhizobial strain. Applied Soil Ecology, 2015, 87: 63-71.
[10] Zhang G S, Huang G B, Zhang R Z, et al. The effects of lucerne on top soil properties of Huangmian soil. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2003, 12(5): 88-93.
张国盛, 黄高宝, 张仁陟, 等. 种植苜蓿对黄绵土表土理化性质的影响. 草业学报, 2003, 12(5): 88-93.
[11] Miao L H, Yuan Q H, Wang Y.Evaluation on salt tolerance of 41 alfalfa varieties at seeding stage. Seed, 2016, 35(4): 81-84.
苗丽宏, 袁庆华, 王瑜. 41个紫花苜蓿品种苗期耐盐性评价. 种子, 2016, 35(4): 81-84.
[12] Shawulie·S, Zhang H H, Yang G, et al. A comprehensive evaluation on salt tolerance of 12 alfalfa germplasm materials in seedling stage. Grass-Feeding Livestock, 2014, (3): 29-34.
沙吾列·沙比汗, 张荟荟, 杨刚, 等. 12份苜蓿种质材料苗期耐盐性综合评价. 草食家畜, 2014, (3): 29-34.
[13] Gui Z, Gao J M, Yuan Q H.The study on salt tolerance of 6 alfalfa varieties. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2008, 23(1): 133-137.
桂枝, 高建明, 袁庆华. 6个紫花苜蓿品种的耐盐性研究. 华北农学报, 2008, 23(1): 133-137.
[14] Farissi M, Faghire M, Bargaz A, et al. Growth, nutrients concentrations, and enzymes involved in plants nutrition of alfalfa populations under saline conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology, 2014, 16(2): 301-314.
[15] Arnond I.Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 1949, 24(1): 1-15.
[16] Song L, Ding W, Zhao M, et al. Nitric oxide protects against oxidative stress under heat stress in the calluses from two ecotypes of reed. Plant Science, 2006, 171(4): 449.
[17] Zhang D Z, Wang P H, Zhao H X.Determination of the content of free proline in wheat leaves. Plant Physiology Communications, 1990, 4: 62-65.
张殿忠, 汪沛洪, 赵会贤. 测定小麦叶片游离脯氨酸含量的方法. 植物生理学报, 1990, 4: 62-65.
[18] Liu J, Cai H, Liu Y, et al. A study on physiological characteristics and comparison of salt tolerance of two Medicago sativa at seeding stage. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(2): 250-256.
刘晶, 才华, 刘莹, 等. 两种紫花苜蓿苗期耐盐生理特性的初步研究及其耐盐性比较. 草业学报, 2013, 22(2): 250-256.
[19] Zhou G S, Mei F Z, Zhou Z Q, et al. Comprehensive evaluation and forecast on physiological indices of waterlogging resistance of different wheat varieties. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003, 36(11): 1378-1382.
周广生, 梅方竹, 周竹青, 等.小麦不同品种耐湿性生理指标综合评价及其预测. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(11): 1378-1382.
[20] Zhao Y.Determination of betaines and proline under salt stress in wheat. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2004.
赵勇. 盐胁迫下植物组织中甜菜碱和脯氨酸变化的研究. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2004.
[21] Xie N, Zhao H M, Li Y, et al. Salt tolerance evaluation and physiological responses of forage rye and triticale at seedling growth stages. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2016, 24(1): 84-92.
谢楠, 赵海明, 李源, 等. 饲用黑麦、小黑麦品种苗期耐盐性评价及盐胁迫下的生理响应. 草地学报, 2016, 24(1): 84-92.
[22] Zhang J L, Li H R, Guo S Y, et al. Research advances in higher plant adaptation to salt stress.Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(12): 220-236.
张金林, 李惠茹, 郭姝媛, 等. 高等植物适应盐逆境研究进展. 草业学报, 2015, 24(12): 220-236.
[23] Li J, Zhang Y X, Shang C, et al. Research progress on salt tolerance of alfalfa. Heilongjiang Agricultural Science, 2013, 8: 153-156.
李杰, 张月学, 尚晨, 等. 苜蓿耐盐性研究进展. 黑龙江农业科学, 2013, 8: 153-156.
[24] Flowers T J, Colmer T D.Salinity tolerance in halophytes. The New Phytologist, 2008, 179(4): 945-963.
[25] Sun J J, Yang G W, Zhang W J, et al. Effects of heterogeneous salinity on growth, water uptake, and tissue ion concentrations of alfalfa. Plant and Soil, 2016, 408(1/2): 211-226.
[26] Yu J, Jia Z Y, Huang F, et al. Comparative study on salt resistance of five different Medicao ruthenica at seeding stage. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2016, 24(2): 459-462.
于洁, 贾振宇, 黄帆, 等. 5份不同来源扁蓿豆幼苗期的耐盐性比较. 草地学报, 2016, 24(2): 459-462.
[27] Wang Y Q, Wu X M, Liu J N, et al. The evaluation of salt tolerance at seeding stage alfalfa for introduced. Prataculture & Animal Husbandry, 2009, 3: 22-28.
王运琦, 吴欣明, 刘建宁, 等. 引进紫花苜蓿耐盐性的评价. 草业与畜牧, 2009, 3: 22-28.
[28] Kiani D, Soltanloo H, Ramezanpour S S, et al. A barley mutant with improved salt tolerance through ion homeostasis and ROS scavenging under salt stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2017, 39(3): 90.
[29] Ta Bi K, Ta Bi F, Ait Abderrahim L, et al. Effect of salt stress on growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence systems in Phaseolus vulgaris L. South African Journal of Botany, 2016, 105: 306-312.
[30] Ma Q L, Sun Y, Yang Q C, et al. Influence of NaCl and osmotic PEG 4000 stress on seed gemination of Medicago sativa. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2012, 20(3): 547-552.
马巧利, 孙彦, 杨青川, 等. NaCl和等渗PEG 4000胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子发芽及生理活性的影响. 草地学报, 2012, 20(3): 547-552.
[31] Shao H Y, Kong G C, Yue C, et al. Study on physiological characteristics of triticale salt resistance. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 44(3): 77-81.
邵红雨, 孔广超, 岳超, 等. 小黑麦耐盐生理特性的研究. 新疆农业科学, 2007, 44(3): 77-81.
[32] Wang Y X, Zhang B, Wang T.Effect of salt stress on the contents of chlorophyll and betaine and its membrane permeability of Medicago sativa. Pratacultural Sciences, 2009, 26(3): 53-56.
王玉祥, 张博, 王涛. 盐胁迫对苜蓿叶绿素、甜菜碱含量和细胞膜透性的影响. 草业科学, 2009, 26(3): 53-56.
[33] Li Y, Liu G B, Gao H W, et al. A comprehensive evaluation of salt-tolerance and the physiological response of Medicago sativa at the seedling stage. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(4): 79-86.
李源, 刘贵波, 高洪文, 等. 紫花苜蓿种质耐盐性综合评价及盐胁迫下的生理反应. 草业学报, 2010, 19(4): 79-86.