退化沙质草地菌根对细根分解过程中营养元素释放的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2021375

草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 115-123.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021375

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

退化沙质草地菌根对细根分解过程中营养元素释放的影响

丁杰萍¹(), 罗永清²(), 刘伟春³, 温飞¹, 王立龙², 王旭洋², 段育龙², 连杰²

^1.甘肃省生态环境科学设计研究院，甘肃兰州 730020
^2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站，甘肃兰州 730000
^3.内蒙古自治区库伦旗农业技术推广中心，内蒙古通辽 028200

收稿日期:2021-10-19 修回日期:2021-11-23 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-03-30
通讯作者: 罗永清
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail： luoyongqing@nieer.ac.cn
丁杰萍（1987-），女，副高级工程师，硕士。E-mail： dingjieping1@163.com
基金资助:
陇原青年创新创业人才（团队）项目（黄河流域甘肃段水污染防治研究），甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA442);国家自然基金项目(31500369)

Effects of mycorrhiza on nutrient release during fine root decomposition in degraded sandy grassland

Jie-ping DING¹(), Yong-qing LUO²(), Wei-chun LIU³, Fei WEN¹, Li-long WANG², Xu-yang WANG², Yu-long DUAN², Jie LIAN²

^1.Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences，Lanzhou 730020，China
^2.Naiman Desertification Research Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^3.Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Kulun Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，Tongliao 028200，China

Received:2021-10-19 Revised:2021-11-23 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-03-30
Contact: Yong-qing LUO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细根分解过程中的营养元素释放是低覆盖度植被区土壤物质循环的关键环节，菌根在该过程中的作用目前尚不明确。本研究以退化沙质草地植被恢复过程中的先锋灌木差不嘎蒿为对象，采用内生芯法，分别研究了活细根+菌根、菌根以及无根（对照）处理下其细根分解过程中的营养元素（氮、磷、钾）释放动态。结果表明：菌根对差不嘎蒿细根分解过程中营养元素含量的影响主要发生在分解后期（1 a以后）。当分解超过1 a，菌根的存在显著降低了细根氮含量，这种效应不受活的细根的影响，菌根+活细根以及菌根处理下的氮含量分别较对照低15.3%和9.5%；而对于磷和钾，菌根处理下的含量均显著低于对照（P<0.05），但该效应受活根的影响，活细根+菌根处理下的差不嘎蒿磷含量与钾含量均与对照无显著差异（P>0.05）；从营养元素的物质残留动态分析发现，菌根显著促进了分解细根中氮素的释放（P<0.05），这种促进效应主要发生在分解的中期；而对于磷和钾主要发生在分解的后期，且受活细根干扰。研究结果表明，菌根是影响根系分解过程中营养元素释放的关键要素，在植物根系分解及其与土壤物质周转关系的研究中应当重点关注。

关键词: 菌根, 细根分解, 营养元素, 内生芯法, 差不嘎蒿

Abstract:

The release of nutrients during the decomposition of fine roots is the key process in the circulation of materials in soils in low-vegetation areas， but the role of mycorrhiza in this process is unclear. In this study， we explored the dynamics of nutrient （nitrogen， phosphorus， potassium） release during the fine root decomposition of Artemisia halodendron， a pioneer shrub during vegetation restoration in degraded sandy grassland. The in-growth core method was used to collect samples from two treatments （living fine roots+mycorrhiza， and mycorrhiza only） and a root-free control. We found that mycorrhiza affected the nutrient contents of A. halodendron fine root litter during decomposition， with the strongest effect at the later stage of the decomposition period （after 1 year）. When the decomposition period was longer than 1 year， mycorrhiza significantly reduced the N content of fine root litter， and this was not affected by presence of living fine roots. The N content of litter in the mycorrhiza+living fine roots and mycorrhiza treatments was 15.3% and 9.5% lower， respectively， than that of litter in the control. The P and K contents in fine root litter were significantly lower in the mycorrhiza treatment than in the control after 1 year of decomposition （P<0.05）， but this effect was weakened by the presence of living fine roots. The P and K contents did not differ significantly between the living fine roots+mycorrhiza treatment and the control （P>0.05）. Analyses of the dynamics of nutrients remaining in the litter showed that the mycorrhiza significantly promoted N release during decomposition （P<0.05）， and this promoting effect mainly occurred in the middle stage of decomposition. For the release of P and K， the promoting effect of mycorrhiza was mainly at the late stage of decomposition， and the effect was weakened by the presence of living fine roots. These results indicate that mycorrhiza affect nutrient release during fine root decomposition， and should be paid more attention in research on root decomposition and its relationship with the turnover of materials in soil.

Key words: mycorrhiza, fine root decomposition, nutrient elements, in-growth core method, Artemisia halodendron

丁杰萍, 罗永清, 刘伟春, 温飞, 王立龙, 王旭洋, 段育龙, 连杰. 退化沙质草地菌根对细根分解过程中营养元素释放的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(5): 115-123.

Jie-ping DING, Yong-qing LUO, Wei-chun LIU, Fei WEN, Li-long WANG, Xu-yang WANG, Yu-long DUAN, Jie LIAN. Effects of mycorrhiza on nutrient release during fine root decomposition in degraded sandy grassland[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(5): 115-123.

图/表 7

图1 内生芯布设示意图Φ表示PVC管窗口的网孔直径。Φ indicates the mesh diameter of the PVC pipe window.

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of installation of the in-growth core

表1 差不嘎蒿细根元素含量本底值

Table 1 Initial value of element content in fine roots of A. halodendron （%， n=5）

元素Elements	平均值Mean value	标准差Standard deviation	最大值Maximum	最小值Minimum
碳Carbon （C）	40.76	1.00	39.66	41.59
氮Nitrogen （N）	1.43	0.16	1.26	1.63
磷Phosphorus （P）	0.22	0.01	0.21	0.24
钾Potassium （K）	1.43	0.10	1.29	1.54
钠Sodium （Na）	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.05
钙Calcium （Ca）	0.47	0.05	0.38	0.51
镁Magnesium （Mg）	0.16	0.02	0.14	0.19

图2 研究期间的气候要素动态

Fig.2 Dynamics of climatic factors during the study period

表2 不同处理和分解时间对差不嘎蒿细根凋落物氮、磷、钾含量的差异性二因素方差分析

Table 2 Two-Way ANOVA analysis of the effect of different treatments and decomposition time on A. halodendron fine root litter contents of N， P and K

指标 Parameters	处理 Treatments （T）		分解时间Decomposition time （DT）		处理×分解时间T×DT
指标 Parameters	F值F-value	P值P-value	F值F-value	P值P-value	F值F-value	P值P-value
氮含量N content	5.090	0.008	98.740	<0.001	3.680	0.001
磷含量P content	17.144	<0.001	13.617	<0.001	3.548	0.001
钾含量K content	6.877	0.002	494.427	<0.001	0.970	0.465
N∶P	10.414	<0.001	56.373	<0.001	5.955	<0.001
N∶K	4.779	0.011	118.078	<0.001	1.282	0.264
P∶K	0.037	0.963	55.034	<0.001	0.862	0.551

图3 不同处理和分解时间下差不嘎蒿细根氮（a）、磷（b）和钾（c）含量R+M、M和S分别代表活细根+菌根处理、菌根处理和对照（无活细根和菌根）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和V分别表示取样时间为分解的1、3、5、12和29个月。数据为平均值±标准差。不同小写字母表示相同处理不同分解时间差异显著（P<0.05）；NS表示相同分解时间不同处理间差异不显著（P>0.05）；**表示相同分解时间不同处理间差异显著（P<0.01）。下同。R+M， M and S represents treatments of live fine roots+mycorrhiza， mycorrhiza and control （without live fine roots and mycorrhiza）， respectively. Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， Ⅳ and V represent the sampling time was 1， 3， 5， 12 and 29 months after decomposition， respectively. The data are mean±standard deviation. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences among different decomposition time of the same treatment （P<0.05）； NS represent insignificant difference among same decomposition time of different treatments （P>0.05）； ** represent significant differences among same decomposition time of different treatments （P<0.01）. The same below.

Fig.3 Contents of N， P and K in fine roots litter of A. halodendron under different treatments and decomposition time

表3 不同处理和分解时间对差不嘎蒿细根氮、磷、钾残留率的差异性二因素方差分析

Table 3 Two-Way ANOVA analysis of the effect of different treatments and decomposition time on A. halodendron fine root litter mass remaining rate of N， P and K

指标 Parameters	处理 Treatments （T）		分解时间Decomposition time （DT）		处理×分解时间T×DT
指标 Parameters	F值 F-value	P值 P-value	F值 F-value	P值 P-value	F值 F-value	P值 P-value
N	8.709	<0.001	10.350	<0.001	1.455	0.186
P	19.953	<0.001	87.194	<0.001	1.008	0.436
K	5.549	0.005	564.419	<0.001	1.035	0.417

图4 不同处理下差不嘎蒿细根氮、磷、钾残留率动态正值表示高于对照，负值表示低于对照。*表示在该处理下的残留率与对照差异显著（P<0.05）。Positive value indicates that the value is higher than control， and negative value indicates which is lower than control. * indicates that the remaining under this treatment is differed significantly from that of control （P<0.05）.

Fig.4 Dynamics of A. halodendron fine root litter N， P and K remaining rate under different treatments

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退化沙质草地菌根对细根分解过程中营养元素释放的影响

Effects of mycorrhiza on nutrient release during fine root decomposition in degraded sandy grassland

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