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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 216-228.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022350

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

陇东旱塬区不同青贮玉米品种生产性能和营养品质综合评价

蒋丛泽1,2,3(), 受娜1,2,3, 高玮1,2,3, 马仁诗1,2,3, 沈禹颖1,2,3, 杨宪龙1,2,3()   

  1. 1.兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
    3.甘肃庆阳草地农业生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃 庆阳 745004
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-30 修回日期:2022-11-28 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 杨宪龙
  • 作者简介:E-mail: yangxianl@lzu.edu.cn
    蒋丛泽(1997-),男,甘肃兰州人,在读硕士。E-mail: jiangcz21@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFD1100501);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA488);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2021-14)

A multivariate evaluation of production performance and nutritional quality of different varieties of silage maize in the dry plateau area of Longdong

Cong-ze JIANG1,2,3(), Na SHOU1,2,3, Wei GAO1,2,3, Ren-shi MA1,2,3, Yu-ying SHEN1,2,3, Xian-long YANG1,2,3()   

  1. 1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    3.National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Grassland Agro-ecosystems in Gansu Qingyang,Qingyang 745004,China
  • Received:2022-08-30 Revised:2022-11-28 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-05-26
  • Contact: Xian-long YANG

摘要:

为筛选出适宜在陇东旱塬地区栽培的青贮玉米品种,本试验以8份青贮玉米品种为研究对象,通过田间试验比较了不同青贮玉米品种在该地区的农艺表现、营养成分含量及水氮资源利用状况,并采用灰色关联分析法对各品种的综合表现进行了量化评价。结果表明:品种对主要农艺性状有显著影响(P<0.05)。株高最高的品种是豫青贮23,为299.6 cm;茎粗最大的品种是东单60号,为29.5 mm;叶长、叶宽分别以豫青贮23和京科青贮516最大,为83.3 cm和9.6 cm;单株鲜重最大的品种是中科甜928,为1147.1 g·株-1,单株干重最大的品种是京科青贮516,为341.1 g·株-1。产量性状方面,鲜草产量超过80 t·hm-2的品种有豫青贮23、东单60号和中科甜928,干草产量和粗蛋白产量最大的品种是东科301,分别为29.0 t·hm-2和1.85 t·hm-2。营养品质方面,全株粗蛋白含量最高的品种是文玉3号,为7.42%;粗灰分含量以中科甜928最高,为4.58%;中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量以京科301最低,分别为28.87%和12.63%。水氮资源利用方面,干物质水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力最高的品种是东科301,分别为77.0 kg·hm-2·mm-1和161.2 kg·kg-1。灰色关联分析结果显示,等权关联度和加权关联度综合评价结果较为一致,二者均表明豫青贮23、文玉3号和东科301兼顾丰产、优质和水氮资源高效利用优点,适宜在陇东旱塬区推广种植。

关键词: 陇东旱塬区, 青贮玉米, 作物产量, 营养品质, 灰色关联分析法

Abstract:

In order to select silage maize (Zea mays) varieties suitable for cultivation in the Longdong dry plateau area, the agronomic performance, nutrient content and water and nitrogen (N) utilization of eight silage maize varieties were compared using a field experiment, and their comprehensive performance data were quantitatively evaluated using Grey correlation analysis. The results showed significant varietal differences for the main agronomic traits of silage maize (P<0.05). The variety with the highest plant height and greatest leaf length was Yu silage 23 (299.6 and 83.3 cm, respectively); the variety with the greatest stem diameter was Dongdan No.60 (29.5 mm); the variety with the greatest leaf width was Jingke silage 516 (9.6 cm); the variety with the largest single plant fresh weight was Zhongketian 928 (1147.1 g·plant-1), and the variety with the largest single plant dry weight was Jingke silage 516 (341.1 g·plant-1). In terms of yield traits, the varieties with fresh yield exceeding 80 t·ha-1 were Yu silage 23, Dongdan No.60 and Zhongketian 928, while Dongke 301 had the highest hay yield (29.0 t·ha-1) and crude protein yield (1.85 t·ha-1). In terms of nutritional quality, the variety with the highest whole plant crude protein content was Wenyu No.3 (7.42%), while the variety with the highest crude ash content was Zhongketian 928 (4.58%). Jingke 301 had the lowest neutral detergent fiber (28.87%) and acid detergent fiber (12.63%) contents. In terms of water and N resource use, Dongke 301 had the highest dry matter water use efficiency (77.0 kg·ha-1·mm-1) and partial productivity of N fertilizer (161.2 kg·kg-1). The grey correlation analysis showed that both the equal-weighted correlation and weighted correlation provided similar results and indicated that Yu silage 23, Wenyu No.3 and Dongke 301 had advantages of high yield, enhanced quality and water and N resources utilization. Thus, the three varieties can be recommended for cultivation in the Longdong dry Plateau area.

Key words: dry Plateau area of Longdong, silage maize, crop yield, nutritional quality, grey correlation analysis