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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 100-111.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025180

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

行比和燕麦密度对苜蓿种子产量及其构成因素的影响

邓文辉(), 赵小娜, 雍嘉仪, 管思雨, 胡国强, 王腾飞, 胡海英()   

  1. 宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-08 修回日期:2025-06-04 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 胡海英
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: haiying@nxu.edu.cn
    邓文辉(1999-),男,甘肃天水人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1657187804@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏自然科学基金(2023AAC03152);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01)

Effects of intercropping oat with different densities on alfalfa seed yield and its constituent factors

Wen-hui DENG(), Xiao-na ZHAO, Jia-yi YONG, Si-yu GUAN, Guo-qiang HU, Teng-fei WANG, Hai-ying HU()   

  1. College of Forestry and Grassland,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
  • Received:2025-05-08 Revised:2025-06-04 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-02-07
  • Contact: Hai-ying HU

摘要:

为探究银北灌区紫花苜蓿种子田与燕麦间作条件下最适宜的密度配置及燕麦播种量,本试验在原有苜蓿宽窄行种子田(窄行Z:行距50 cm;宽行W:行距100 cm)中采用双因素裂区试验设计,主区为4个燕麦的播量水平(S1:90 kg·hm-2;S2:135 kg·hm-2;S3:180 kg·hm-2;S4:225 kg·hm-2),副区为4个播种行比(Z0W2:在窄行不播种宽行播种2行;Z0W3:在窄行不播种宽行播种3行;Z1W2:在窄行播种1行宽行播种2行;Z1W3:在窄行播种1行宽行播种3行),分别对不同处理的苜蓿种子产量及种子产量构成因素进行测定分析。结果表明:苜蓿和燕麦的株高、单位面积生殖枝数、每花序小花数、每花序结荚数、每荚种子数、实际种子产量和理论种子产量均随着燕麦播量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,千粒重随着燕麦播量的增加持续上升。土壤贮水量与苜蓿种子产量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。在播量S3、行比Z1W2的处理中苜蓿种子产量构成因素效果最佳,苜蓿种子产量达到最高,为414.53 kg·hm-2。通过灰色关联度法对苜蓿产量及产量构成成分进行排序,可得出在银北灌区苜蓿/燕麦复合群体种子生产中,燕麦最优播种量为180 kg·hm-2,最优行比配置为在窄行播种1行宽行播种2行。

关键词: 密度配置, 苜蓿+燕麦, 土壤水分, 苜蓿种子产量, 灰色关联度

Abstract:

The aim of this research was to determine the optimal density and seeding rate of oat for alfalfa seed production under intercropping conditions in the Yinbei irrigation district. To this end, a field experiment was conducted with a split-plot design with two factors. The main plots consisted of four oat seeding rates (S1: 90 kg·ha-1; S2: 135 kg·ha-1; S3: 180 kg·ha-1; S4: 225 kg·ha-1), and the subplots included four row ratio treatments (Z0W2: sown with no narrow rows and two wide rows; Z0W3: sown with no narrow rows and three wide rows; Z1W2: sown with one narrow row and two wide rows; Z1W3: sown with one narrow row and three wide rows). The alfalfa seed yield and its components under different treatments were measured. The results show that as the oat seeding rate increased, the plant height of alfalfa and oat, reproductive branches per unit area, number of florets per inflorescence, number of pods per inflorescence, number of seeds per pod, actual seed yield, and theoretical seed yield initially increased and then decreased, whereas the thousand-seed weight continued to increase. Soil water storage was significantly negatively correlated with alfalfa seed yield (P<0.05). The treatment with seeding rate S3 and row ratio Z1W2 optimized alfalfa seed yield components and achieved the highest yield.

Key words: density configuration, Medicago sativa+Avena sativa intercropping, soil moisture, alfalfa seed yield, grey relational analysis