Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 38-48.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022335
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Xin LU(), Juan QI(), Shang-li SHI, Mei-mei CHE, Xia LI, Shuang-shuang DU, Ning-gang SAI, Yan-wei JIA
Received:
2022-08-17
Revised:
2022-10-31
Online:
2023-07-20
Published:
2023-05-26
Contact:
Juan QI
Xin LU, Juan QI, Shang-li SHI, Mei-mei CHE, Xia LI, Shuang-shuang DU, Ning-gang SAI, Yan-wei JIA. Effects of broad-leaved grass inhibitors combined with nitrogen on soil characteristics of alpine meadow[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(7): 38-48.
有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total potassium (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
72.67 | 3.96 | 0.49 | 8.98 | 278.87 | 13.31 | 154.76 |
Table 1 Basic chemical properties of soil at the test site
有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total potassium (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
72.67 | 3.96 | 0.49 | 8.98 | 278.87 | 13.31 | 154.76 |
处理 Treatments | 抑制剂 Inhibitors (kg·hm-2) | 氮素 Nitrogen (kg·hm-2) |
---|---|---|
Y0N0 | 0.0 | 0 |
Y0N1 | 0.0 | 75 |
Y0N2 | 0.0 | 150 |
Y0N3 | 0.0 | 225 |
Y1N0 | 0.9 | 0 |
Y1N1 | 0.9 | 75 |
Y1N2 | 0.9 | 150 |
Y1N3 | 0.9 | 225 |
Y2N0 | 1.5 | 0 |
Y2N1 | 1.5 | 75 |
Y2N2 | 1.5 | 150 |
Y2N3 | 1.5 | 225 |
Y3N0 | 2.1 | 0 |
Y3N1 | 2.1 | 75 |
Y3N2 | 2.1 | 150 |
Y3N3 | 2.1 | 225 |
Table 2 Inhibitor concentration and nitrogen application rate
处理 Treatments | 抑制剂 Inhibitors (kg·hm-2) | 氮素 Nitrogen (kg·hm-2) |
---|---|---|
Y0N0 | 0.0 | 0 |
Y0N1 | 0.0 | 75 |
Y0N2 | 0.0 | 150 |
Y0N3 | 0.0 | 225 |
Y1N0 | 0.9 | 0 |
Y1N1 | 0.9 | 75 |
Y1N2 | 0.9 | 150 |
Y1N3 | 0.9 | 225 |
Y2N0 | 1.5 | 0 |
Y2N1 | 1.5 | 75 |
Y2N2 | 1.5 | 150 |
Y2N3 | 1.5 | 225 |
Y3N0 | 2.1 | 0 |
Y3N1 | 2.1 | 75 |
Y3N2 | 2.1 | 150 |
Y3N3 | 2.1 | 225 |
因素 Factor | F值 F value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 碱解氮 Available N | 有效磷 Available P | 速效钾 Available K | |
Y | 6.824 | 18.639** | 5.593* | 6.510* | 14.560** |
N | 1.042 | 1.545 | 5.664** | 76.435** | 2.151 |
Y×N | 1.986 | 5.862** | 9.417** | 44.735** | 3.796** |
Table 3 Variance analysis of inhibitors, nitrogen and their interactions on soil chemical properties
因素 Factor | F值 F value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 碱解氮 Available N | 有效磷 Available P | 速效钾 Available K | |
Y | 6.824 | 18.639** | 5.593* | 6.510* | 14.560** |
N | 1.042 | 1.545 | 5.664** | 76.435** | 2.151 |
Y×N | 1.986 | 5.862** | 9.417** | 44.735** | 3.796** |
因素 Factor | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y0 | 7.10±0.02a | 66.14±1.40b | 317.07±4.28ab | 14.74±1.11a | 274.18±6.21a |
Y1 | 7.10±0.02a | 76.04±1.42a | 328.66±6.69a | 12.80±1.82b | 273.27±5.94a |
Y2 | 7.06±0.05a | 77.14±1.66a | 315.88±5.72ab | 14.62±1.86a | 270.72±3.68a |
Y3 | 7.05±0.03a | 73.91±1.35a | 301.58±3.55b | 12.91±1.65b | 242.62±4.61b |
Table 4 Effects of inhibitors on soil chemical properties
因素 Factor | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y0 | 7.10±0.02a | 66.14±1.40b | 317.07±4.28ab | 14.74±1.11a | 274.18±6.21a |
Y1 | 7.10±0.02a | 76.04±1.42a | 328.66±6.69a | 12.80±1.82b | 273.27±5.94a |
Y2 | 7.06±0.05a | 77.14±1.66a | 315.88±5.72ab | 14.62±1.86a | 270.72±3.68a |
Y3 | 7.05±0.03a | 73.91±1.35a | 301.58±3.55b | 12.91±1.65b | 242.62±4.61b |
因素 Factor | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | 7.08 | 75.15±1.09a | 306.57 | 12.50 | 265.23 |
N1 | 7.05 | 72.16±2.46a | 315.03 | 10.73 | 258.64 |
N2 | 7.02 | 72.87±2.20a | 319.75 | 12.68 | 265.14 |
N3 | 7.03 | 73.06±1.73a | 321.84 | 19.14 | 271.77 |
Table 5 Effects of nitrogen on soil chemical properties
因素 Factor | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | 7.08 | 75.15±1.09a | 306.57 | 12.50 | 265.23 |
N1 | 7.05 | 72.16±2.46a | 315.03 | 10.73 | 258.64 |
N2 | 7.02 | 72.87±2.20a | 319.75 | 12.68 | 265.14 |
N3 | 7.03 | 73.06±1.73a | 321.84 | 19.14 | 271.77 |
因素 Factor | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y0N0 | 7.06±0.02ab | 72.68±1.10cde | 299.67±10.82d | 16.05±0.798bc | 263.12±7.18bcd |
Y0N1 | 7.11±0.03ab | 60.83±0.20h | 321.32±1.59bc | 15.14±0.226c | 279.26±6.92abc |
Y0N2 | 7.17±0.02a | 65.26±2.82gh | 321.99±2.94bc | 18.57±1.648b | 281.09±5.30abc |
Y0N3 | 7.06±0.02ab | 65.79±1.67fgh | 325.29±6.36bc | 9.19±0.402efg | 273.27±12.59bcd |
Y1N0 | 7.11±0.02ab | 72.96±2.62cde | 308.51±3.89cd | 11.01±1.213def | 285.39±3.48ab |
Y1N1 | 7.10±0.07ab | 71.18±1.69defg | 305.37±0.63cd | 8.51±0.007fgh | 257.14±5.35cde |
Y1N2 | 7.12±0.04ab | 81.01±1.00ab | 350.07±2.64a | 8.74±1.142fgh | 253.18±5.34def |
Y1N3 | 7.06±0.06ab | 79.01±0.49abc | 350.68±4.14a | 22.92±0.409a | 297.34±3.48a |
Y2N0 | 7.09±0.06ab | 76.90±1.71abcd | 313.91±6.92cd | 11.47±0.995de | 281.37±5.34abc |
Y2N1 | 6.97±0.14bc | 83.18±0.87a | 338.78±9.49ab | 6.90±0.604gh | 263.14±8.78bcd |
Y2N2 | 6.84±0.03bc | 76.37±4.05bcd | 297.59±2.83d | 16.97±0.239bc | 273.24±3.43bcd |
Y2N3 | 6.86±0.07bc | 72.11±3.04cdef | 313.21±11.75cd | 23.12±0.926a | 265.24±8.80bcd |
Y3N0 | 7.06±0.04ab | 78.06±1.96abcd | 304.18±10.22cd | 11.49±0.825de | 231.04±12.57f |
Y3N1 | 7.04±0.04ab | 73.43±1.73cde | 294.63±3.88d | 12.39±0.222d | 235.01±5.32ef |
Y3N2 | 6.96±0.01bc | 68.82±2.09efg | 309.34±7.47cd | 6.45±0.393h | 253.16±4.04def |
Y3N3 | 7.12±0.07ab | 75.32±2.54bcde | 298.17±6.26d | 21.31±1.385a | 251.24±8.75def |
Table 6 Coupling effects of inhibitor and nitrogen on soil chemical properties
因素 Factor | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y0N0 | 7.06±0.02ab | 72.68±1.10cde | 299.67±10.82d | 16.05±0.798bc | 263.12±7.18bcd |
Y0N1 | 7.11±0.03ab | 60.83±0.20h | 321.32±1.59bc | 15.14±0.226c | 279.26±6.92abc |
Y0N2 | 7.17±0.02a | 65.26±2.82gh | 321.99±2.94bc | 18.57±1.648b | 281.09±5.30abc |
Y0N3 | 7.06±0.02ab | 65.79±1.67fgh | 325.29±6.36bc | 9.19±0.402efg | 273.27±12.59bcd |
Y1N0 | 7.11±0.02ab | 72.96±2.62cde | 308.51±3.89cd | 11.01±1.213def | 285.39±3.48ab |
Y1N1 | 7.10±0.07ab | 71.18±1.69defg | 305.37±0.63cd | 8.51±0.007fgh | 257.14±5.35cde |
Y1N2 | 7.12±0.04ab | 81.01±1.00ab | 350.07±2.64a | 8.74±1.142fgh | 253.18±5.34def |
Y1N3 | 7.06±0.06ab | 79.01±0.49abc | 350.68±4.14a | 22.92±0.409a | 297.34±3.48a |
Y2N0 | 7.09±0.06ab | 76.90±1.71abcd | 313.91±6.92cd | 11.47±0.995de | 281.37±5.34abc |
Y2N1 | 6.97±0.14bc | 83.18±0.87a | 338.78±9.49ab | 6.90±0.604gh | 263.14±8.78bcd |
Y2N2 | 6.84±0.03bc | 76.37±4.05bcd | 297.59±2.83d | 16.97±0.239bc | 273.24±3.43bcd |
Y2N3 | 6.86±0.07bc | 72.11±3.04cdef | 313.21±11.75cd | 23.12±0.926a | 265.24±8.80bcd |
Y3N0 | 7.06±0.04ab | 78.06±1.96abcd | 304.18±10.22cd | 11.49±0.825de | 231.04±12.57f |
Y3N1 | 7.04±0.04ab | 73.43±1.73cde | 294.63±3.88d | 12.39±0.222d | 235.01±5.32ef |
Y3N2 | 6.96±0.01bc | 68.82±2.09efg | 309.34±7.47cd | 6.45±0.393h | 253.16±4.04def |
Y3N3 | 7.12±0.07ab | 75.32±2.54bcde | 298.17±6.26d | 21.31±1.385a | 251.24±8.75def |
因素 Factor | F值 F value | ||
---|---|---|---|
脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase | |
Y | 27.356** | 29.421** | 3.845 |
N | 10.472** | 19.590** | 0.915 |
Y×N | 14.190** | 20.835** | 3.064* |
Table 7 Variance analysis of inhibitors, nitrogen and their interactions on soil enzyme activity
因素 Factor | F值 F value | ||
---|---|---|---|
脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase | |
Y | 27.356** | 29.421** | 3.845 |
N | 10.472** | 19.590** | 0.915 |
Y×N | 14.190** | 20.835** | 3.064* |
因素 Factor | 脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase |
---|---|---|---|
Y0 | 19.28±0.67c | 9.96±0.08a | 2.51±0.12b |
Y1 | 21.33±0.69b | 10.25±0.11a | 2.96±0.08a |
Y2 | 21.23±0.59b | 9.29±0.21b | 2.78±0.13ab |
Y3 | 24.05±1.01a | 9.03±0.27b | 2.79±0.09ab |
Table 8 Effects of inhibitors on soil enzyme activity (mg·g-1)
因素 Factor | 脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase |
---|---|---|---|
Y0 | 19.28±0.67c | 9.96±0.08a | 2.51±0.12b |
Y1 | 21.33±0.69b | 10.25±0.11a | 2.96±0.08a |
Y2 | 21.23±0.59b | 9.29±0.21b | 2.78±0.13ab |
Y3 | 24.05±1.01a | 9.03±0.27b | 2.79±0.09ab |
因素 Factor | 脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase |
---|---|---|---|
N0 | 20.21±0.84b | 9.30±0.31b | 2.85±0.12a |
N1 | 20.72±0.64b | 9.72±0.15ab | 2.77±0.12a |
N2 | 22.47±1.22a | 9.47±0.26ab | 2.78±0.09a |
N3 | 22.49±0.62a | 10.03±0.12a | 2.63±0.13a |
Table 9 Effects of nitrogen addition on soil enzyme activity (mg·g-1)
因素 Factor | 脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase |
---|---|---|---|
N0 | 20.21±0.84b | 9.30±0.31b | 2.85±0.12a |
N1 | 20.72±0.64b | 9.72±0.15ab | 2.77±0.12a |
N2 | 22.47±1.22a | 9.47±0.26ab | 2.78±0.09a |
N3 | 22.49±0.62a | 10.03±0.12a | 2.63±0.13a |
处理 Treatments | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 碱解氮 Available N | 速效钾 Available K | 有效磷 Available P | 脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase | 关联值 Correlation value | 排序 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y0N0 | 0.959 | 0.740 | 0.712 | 0.758 | 0.541 | 0.450 | 0.875 | 0.550 | 0.723 | 12 |
Y0N1 | 0.977 | 0.573 | 0.811 | 0.856 | 0.511 | 0.483 | 0.951 | 0.549 | 0.742 | 9 |
Y0N2 | 1.000 | 0.626 | 0.815 | 0.868 | 0.647 | 0.566 | 0.903 | 0.781 | 0.796 | 5 |
Y0N3 | 0.959 | 0.633 | 0.833 | 0.816 | 0.374 | 0.578 | 0.811 | 0.586 | 0.726 | 11 |
Y1N0 | 0.977 | 0.746 | 0.750 | 0.900 | 0.407 | 0.529 | 0.999 | 0.817 | 0.797 | 4 |
Y1N1 | 0.974 | 0.714 | 0.736 | 0.727 | 0.363 | 0.537 | 0.822 | 0.663 | 0.720 | 14 |
Y1N2 | 0.981 | 0.932 | 0.995 | 0.708 | 0.367 | 0.537 | 0.989 | 0.818 | 0.824 | 3 |
Y1N3 | 0.959 | 0.878 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.977 | 0.713 | 0.999 | 0.855 | 0.930 | 1 |
Y2N0 | 0.970 | 0.827 | 0.774 | 0.870 | 0.417 | 0.629 | 0.706 | 0.777 | 0.769 | 8 |
Y2N1 | 0.928 | 1.000 | 0.914 | 0.758 | 0.339 | 0.604 | 0.889 | 1.000 | 0.832 | 2 |
Y2N2 | 0.887 | 0.815 | 0.704 | 0.816 | 0.575 | 0.511 | 0.652 | 0.580 | 0.709 | 15 |
Y2N3 | 0.893 | 0.730 | 0.771 | 0.769 | 1.000 | 0.540 | 0.856 | 0.579 | 0.772 | 7 |
Y3N0 | 0.959 | 0.854 | 0.731 | 0.618 | 0.417 | 0.576 | 0.597 | 0.851 | 0.721 | 13 |
Y3N1 | 0.952 | 0.754 | 0.693 | 0.632 | 0.437 | 0.603 | 0.717 | 0.705 | 0.707 | 16 |
Y3N2 | 0.925 | 0.676 | 0.753 | 0.708 | 0.333 | 1.000 | 0.716 | 0.671 | 0.737 | 10 |
Y3N3 | 0.981 | 0.792 | 0.706 | 0.699 | 0.821 | 0.629 | 0.949 | 0.620 | 0.787 | 6 |
Table 10 Comprehensive analysis of grey correlation degree
处理 Treatments | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 碱解氮 Available N | 速效钾 Available K | 有效磷 Available P | 脲酶 Urease | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase | 关联值 Correlation value | 排序 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y0N0 | 0.959 | 0.740 | 0.712 | 0.758 | 0.541 | 0.450 | 0.875 | 0.550 | 0.723 | 12 |
Y0N1 | 0.977 | 0.573 | 0.811 | 0.856 | 0.511 | 0.483 | 0.951 | 0.549 | 0.742 | 9 |
Y0N2 | 1.000 | 0.626 | 0.815 | 0.868 | 0.647 | 0.566 | 0.903 | 0.781 | 0.796 | 5 |
Y0N3 | 0.959 | 0.633 | 0.833 | 0.816 | 0.374 | 0.578 | 0.811 | 0.586 | 0.726 | 11 |
Y1N0 | 0.977 | 0.746 | 0.750 | 0.900 | 0.407 | 0.529 | 0.999 | 0.817 | 0.797 | 4 |
Y1N1 | 0.974 | 0.714 | 0.736 | 0.727 | 0.363 | 0.537 | 0.822 | 0.663 | 0.720 | 14 |
Y1N2 | 0.981 | 0.932 | 0.995 | 0.708 | 0.367 | 0.537 | 0.989 | 0.818 | 0.824 | 3 |
Y1N3 | 0.959 | 0.878 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.977 | 0.713 | 0.999 | 0.855 | 0.930 | 1 |
Y2N0 | 0.970 | 0.827 | 0.774 | 0.870 | 0.417 | 0.629 | 0.706 | 0.777 | 0.769 | 8 |
Y2N1 | 0.928 | 1.000 | 0.914 | 0.758 | 0.339 | 0.604 | 0.889 | 1.000 | 0.832 | 2 |
Y2N2 | 0.887 | 0.815 | 0.704 | 0.816 | 0.575 | 0.511 | 0.652 | 0.580 | 0.709 | 15 |
Y2N3 | 0.893 | 0.730 | 0.771 | 0.769 | 1.000 | 0.540 | 0.856 | 0.579 | 0.772 | 7 |
Y3N0 | 0.959 | 0.854 | 0.731 | 0.618 | 0.417 | 0.576 | 0.597 | 0.851 | 0.721 | 13 |
Y3N1 | 0.952 | 0.754 | 0.693 | 0.632 | 0.437 | 0.603 | 0.717 | 0.705 | 0.707 | 16 |
Y3N2 | 0.925 | 0.676 | 0.753 | 0.708 | 0.333 | 1.000 | 0.716 | 0.671 | 0.737 | 10 |
Y3N3 | 0.981 | 0.792 | 0.706 | 0.699 | 0.821 | 0.629 | 0.949 | 0.620 | 0.787 | 6 |
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