Distribution of heavy metals and their effects on enzymatic activity in soil of artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests of different ages near abandoned mines in Shuanglonggou

doi:10.11686/cyxb2022374

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study， we investigated the distribution of heavy metals derived from mining activities in forest soils， how they are affected by vegetation， and how they affect soil enzyme activity. The study sites consisted of two artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests with different ages （2， 10 years） and a control （wasteland）， which were located near abandoned mines in Shuanglonggou， Haxi. We investigated the temporal and spatial substitution of heavy metals in the soil and the activity of four enzymes （sucrase， alkaline phosphatase， catalase and urease） in soil of forests of different ages located near abandoned mines. The heavy metal contents in soil were generally similar between the forests of different ages， but the contents of vanadium （V）， manganese （Mn）， nickel （Ni）， copper （Cu）， strontium （Sr）， and barium （Ba） were 4.21%-26.84% lower in forest soils than in CK soil. The concentrations of V， Mn， Sr， and Ba increased with soil depth， and the concentrations of Cu and Ni were relatively higher in surface soil. The activities of soil enzymes were higher in the more mature forest， with sucrase， alkaline phosphatase， catalase， and urease activities being 12.89%-255.29% higher in the 10-year-old forest soil than in the CK soil. There was a strong negative correlation between the regional heavy metal content and the activity of soil enzymes. Strontium was identified as the main driving factor for differences in soil enzymatic activity among sites. This research provides a reference for the treatment of soil around abandoned mines in Qilian Mountain and other similar areas.

Key words: vegetation restoration, soil, heavy metal, enzyme activity, structural equation model

Da-cheng SONG, Hao WU, Li-de WANG, Fei WANG, Yu-kai ZHANG, Xue-cheng ZHAO. Distribution of heavy metals and their effects on enzymatic activity in soil of artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests of different ages near abandoned mines in Shuanglonggou[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(8): 61-70.

Figures/Tables 6

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土层深度 Soil depth （cm）	恢复年限 Restoration years（a）	pH	容重 Bulk density （g·cm^-3）	氧化钠 Na₂O （%）	氧化镁 MgO （%）	氧化铝 Al₂O₃ （%）	二氧化硅 SiO₂ （%）	氧化钾 K₂O （%）	氧化钙 CaO （%）	氧化铁 Fe₂O₃ （%）
0~5	0	7.70	1.35±0.05a	3.28±0.01b	1.35±0.01a	10.03±0.02c	51.46±0.07b	1.75±0.00c	2.21±0.01a	3.17±0.00a
	2	7.89	1.22±0.05a	3.34±0.01a	1.30±0.01b	10.43±0.02b	52.29±0.07a	1.95±0.00b	1.47±0.01b	3.15±0.00b
	10	7.78	0.96±0.05b	2.48±0.01c	1.23±0.01c	10.89±0.02a	49.43±0.07c	2.35±0.00a	1.45±0.01c	3.00±0.00c
20~25	0	7.79	1.38±0.04a	3.44±0.01a	1.26±0.00a	9.39±0.02c	53.98±0.05b	1.58±0.00c	2.16±0.00a	3.15±0.01a
	2	7.89	1.27±0.05ab	3.39±0.01b	1.21±0.00b	9.70±0.02b	54.36±0.05a	1.79±0.00b	1.52±0.00b	2.97±0.01b
	10	7.77	1.22±0.04b	2.73±0.01c	1.08±0.00c	10.56±0.02a	52.24±0.05c	2.26±0.00a	1.41±0.00c	2.84±0.01c
40~45	0	7.69	1.36±0.05a	2.92±0.01b	1.26±0.01b	10.43±0.03a	50.82±0.14c	1.75±0.00b	2.01±0.00a	3.32±0.00a
	2	7.97	1.22±0.05a	3.53±0.01a	1.32±0.01a	9.81±0.03b	53.53±0.14a	1.69±0.00c	1.69±0.00b	3.01±0.00b
	10	7.85	1.23±0.05a	2.84±0.01c	1.11±0.01c	10.49±0.03a	52.65±0.14b	2.17±0.00a	1.51±0.00c	2.89±0.00c

土层深度 Soil depth （cm）	恢复年限 Restoration years（a）	pH	容重 Bulk density （g·cm^-3）	氧化钠 Na₂O （%）	氧化镁 MgO （%）	氧化铝 Al₂O₃ （%）	二氧化硅 SiO₂ （%）	氧化钾 K₂O （%）	氧化钙 CaO （%）	氧化铁 Fe₂O₃ （%）
0~5	0	7.70	1.35±0.05a	3.28±0.01b	1.35±0.01a	10.03±0.02c	51.46±0.07b	1.75±0.00c	2.21±0.01a	3.17±0.00a
	2	7.89	1.22±0.05a	3.34±0.01a	1.30±0.01b	10.43±0.02b	52.29±0.07a	1.95±0.00b	1.47±0.01b	3.15±0.00b
	10	7.78	0.96±0.05b	2.48±0.01c	1.23±0.01c	10.89±0.02a	49.43±0.07c	2.35±0.00a	1.45±0.01c	3.00±0.00c
20~25	0	7.79	1.38±0.04a	3.44±0.01a	1.26±0.00a	9.39±0.02c	53.98±0.05b	1.58±0.00c	2.16±0.00a	3.15±0.01a
	2	7.89	1.27±0.05ab	3.39±0.01b	1.21±0.00b	9.70±0.02b	54.36±0.05a	1.79±0.00b	1.52±0.00b	2.97±0.01b
	10	7.77	1.22±0.04b	2.73±0.01c	1.08±0.00c	10.56±0.02a	52.24±0.05c	2.26±0.00a	1.41±0.00c	2.84±0.01c
40~45	0	7.69	1.36±0.05a	2.92±0.01b	1.26±0.01b	10.43±0.03a	50.82±0.14c	1.75±0.00b	2.01±0.00a	3.32±0.00a
	2	7.97	1.22±0.05a	3.53±0.01a	1.32±0.01a	9.81±0.03b	53.53±0.14a	1.69±0.00c	1.69±0.00b	3.01±0.00b
	10	7.85	1.23±0.05a	2.84±0.01c	1.11±0.01c	10.49±0.03a	52.65±0.14b	2.17±0.00a	1.51±0.00c	2.89±0.00c

土层深度 Soil depth （cm）	恢复年限 Restoration years （a）	钒 V	铬 Cr	锰 Mn	镍 Ni	铜 Cu	锶 Sr	钡 Ba
0~5	0	66.80±0.89a	34.83±2.50a	461.23±1.19b	13.87±0.23b	24.33±0.32a	146.23±0.32a	609.80±5.55a
	2	67.63±0.71a	32.90±0.10a	505.40±2.76a	13.07±0.15c	23.90±0.46a	140.03±0.55b	539.10±11.62b
	10	59.13±1.46b	34.10±1.35a	441.97±2.46c	14.90±0.17a	19.63±0.21b	126.73±0.58c	488.67±6.10c
20~25	0	68.03±0.51a	30.47±0.83b	456.80±1.56a	13.47±0.31a	21.63±0.29a	149.03±0.67a	601.27±6.75a
	2	65.07±1.35b	29.00±1.01b	460.20±1.99a	12.27±0.21b	20.70±0.17b	139.63±0.46b	524.97±6.79b
	10	56.77±1.62c	32.30±0.76a	403.23±2.49b	13.40±0.10a	14.63±0.31c	128.40±0.44c	517.47±7.67b
40~45	0	72.70±1.60a	35.70±0.44a	502.27±1.19b	16.17±0.81a	23.70±0.40a	145.77±0.97a	557.10±3.13b
	2	68.27±0.50b	30.50±1.15b	509.37±0.51a	11.83±0.67c	23.60±0.63a	141.97±0.59b	553.53±2.45b
	10	59.47±1.74c	35.53±1.06a	402.30±2.19c	13.37±0.15b	16.70±0.20b	136.30±0.36c	574.90±12.00a

土层深度 Soil depth （cm）	恢复年限 Restoration years （a）	钒 V	铬 Cr	锰 Mn	镍 Ni	铜 Cu	锶 Sr	钡 Ba
0~5	0	66.80±0.89a	34.83±2.50a	461.23±1.19b	13.87±0.23b	24.33±0.32a	146.23±0.32a	609.80±5.55a
	2	67.63±0.71a	32.90±0.10a	505.40±2.76a	13.07±0.15c	23.90±0.46a	140.03±0.55b	539.10±11.62b
	10	59.13±1.46b	34.10±1.35a	441.97±2.46c	14.90±0.17a	19.63±0.21b	126.73±0.58c	488.67±6.10c
20~25	0	68.03±0.51a	30.47±0.83b	456.80±1.56a	13.47±0.31a	21.63±0.29a	149.03±0.67a	601.27±6.75a
	2	65.07±1.35b	29.00±1.01b	460.20±1.99a	12.27±0.21b	20.70±0.17b	139.63±0.46b	524.97±6.79b
	10	56.77±1.62c	32.30±0.76a	403.23±2.49b	13.40±0.10a	14.63±0.31c	128.40±0.44c	517.47±7.67b
40~45	0	72.70±1.60a	35.70±0.44a	502.27±1.19b	16.17±0.81a	23.70±0.40a	145.77±0.97a	557.10±3.13b
	2	68.27±0.50b	30.50±1.15b	509.37±0.51a	11.83±0.67c	23.60±0.63a	141.97±0.59b	553.53±2.45b
	10	59.47±1.74c	35.53±1.06a	402.30±2.19c	13.37±0.15b	16.70±0.20b	136.30±0.36c	574.90±12.00a

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