The degradation effects of soil glyphosate pesticide by plant crops

doi:10.11686/cyxb2025236

Abstract

Abstract:

Glyphosate has become one of the most widely used herbicides globally in both application and coverage， but its excessive poses threatens the ecological environment. How to degrade the glyphosate residues in soil has become one of the major challenges facing humanity. To degrade the soil glyphosate with different concentrations （0.05 and 0.25 mg·kg^-1）， six plants（i.e.， Glycine max， Brassica napus， Vicia sepium， Orychophragmus violaceus， Allium fistulosum， and Radix isatidis）acted as research subjects. The degradation ratio， soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen， and soil enzyme activities were measured after 45 and 90 days of plant growth to evaluate their remediation effect. The results showed that： B. napus， G. max and V. sepium had significant degradation effects on glyphosate in soil （P<0.05）. After growing for 45 days， the degradation rates of B. napus， G. max and V. sepium were 49.1%， 48.4% and 48.1% at the glyphosate concentration of 0.05 mg·kg^-1， respectively， and 66.9%， 61.2% and 62.2% at the glyphosate concentration of 0.25 mg·kg^-1， respectively. The effects of other plants on the degradation rate of glyphosate are not satisfactory. G. max and V. sepium could significantly increase the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in glyphosate-contaminated soil （P<0.05）， indicating that they can promote the growth and reproduction of soil microorganisms； G. max and V. sepium significantly increased the activities of β-glucosidase， β-galactosidase， N-acetyl-glucosaminidase， N-acetyl-galactosaminidase， and soil alkaline phosphatase in glyphosate-contaminated soil. This suggests that they can enhance soil carbon， nitrogen， and phosphorus cycling， the effects of other plants on the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen， as well as the enzyme activities in the glyphosate-residual soil， were not significant. Therefore， planting G. max and V. sepium between rows of fruit trees could promote microbial reproduction， accelerate soil nutrient cycling， further degrade soil glyphosate pesticide residues， and improve soil quality.

Key words: plant crops, glyphosate pesticide, degradation effect, microbial biomass, enzyme activity

Na-na LIU, Yan-mei LIU, Hang-yu YANG, Yuan-qi ZHANG, Kun LI. The degradation effects of soil glyphosate pesticide by plant crops[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(5): 175-184.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Degradation effects of plant crops on soil glyphosate

Fig.2 The effects of plant crops on microbial biomass carbon in glyphosate-residual soil

Fig.3 The effects of plant crops on microbial biomass nitrogen in glyphosate-residual soil

Table 1 Multifactorial analysis of plant crops on soil microbial carbon and nitrogen after the degradation of glyphosate

指标 Index	变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value
土壤微生物量碳 Soil microbial biomass carbon	植物类型Plant type	64642.85	6	10773.81***	15.51
	农药浓度Pesticide concentration	4327.15	1	4327.15*	6.23
	植物类型×农药浓度 Plant type×pesticide concentration	28956.41	6	4826.07***	6.95
土壤微生物量氮 Soil microbial biomass nitrogen	植物类型Plant type	113048.91	6	18841.49***	124.50
	农药浓度Pesticide concentration	1619.20	1	1619.20**	10.70
	植物类型×农药浓度 Plant type×pesticide concentration	1860.65	6	310.11ns	2.05

Fig.4 The effects of plant crops on β-glucosidase activity in glyphosate-residual soil

Fig.5 The effects of plant crops on the β-galactosidase activity in glyphosate-residual soil

Fig.6 The effects of plant crops on the N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in glyphosate-residual soil

Fig.7 The effects of plant crops on the N-acetyl-galactosidase activity in glyphosate-residual soil

Fig.8 The effects of plant crops on the alkaline phosphatase activity in glyphosate-residual soil

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