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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 223-240.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025063

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

藜麦CqSGT1基因克隆、表达模式与DNA变异分析

窦苗苗(), 姜晓东, 孙慧琼, 徐宏申, 王锡亮, 杨博慧, 柴文婷, 赵珊珊, 张春来()   

  1. 山西农业大学农学院,山西 太谷 030801
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-04 修回日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2025-11-13
  • 通讯作者: 张春来
  • 作者简介:E-mail: chunlaiz@hotmail.com
    窦苗苗(1998-),女,山东菏泽人,在读硕士。E-mail: 2812448736@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西农大生物育种工程项目(YZGC104);国家自然科学基金(31971994);中国科技部中巴援助项目(KY202002002);山西农谷建设项目(SXNGJSKYZX201702);山西农谷建设项目(SXNGJSKYZX201704)

Cloning, expression profiling and DNA variation analysis of the disease-resistance gene CqSGT1 in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa

Miao-miao DOU(), Xiao-dong JIANG, Hui-qiong SUN, Hong-shen XU, Xi-liang WANG, Bo-hui YANG, Wen-ting CHAI, Shan-shan ZHAO, Chun-lai ZHANG()   

  1. College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China
  • Received:2025-03-04 Revised:2025-05-06 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2025-11-13
  • Contact: Chun-lai ZHANG

摘要:

藜麦的生长发育易受逆境胁迫,影响藜麦产业的发展。SGT1作为Skp1-4的抑制因子,通过分子伴侣或调控泛素化对植物抗逆反应进行调控,其中Skp1-4参与调控细胞周期、信号转导和基因表达等生物过程。鉴定藜麦SGT1基因,明确藜麦SGT1基因对生物及非生物胁迫的应答情况。利用生物信息学方法,鉴定出藜麦SGT1基因,并对其理化性质、序列特征、系统发育树、蛋白互作网络及表达模式等方面进行研究。从藜麦基因组鉴定出2个SGT1基因,分别命名为CqSGT1aCqSGT1b,位于Chr06和Chr07上,藜麦SGT1蛋白主要富含碱性氨基酸,亚细胞定位在细胞核,无信号肽结构,二级结构以α-螺旋为主,属于疏水性蛋白,无跨膜结构,具有TPR-SGS-CS结构域。CqSGT1启动子区域存在藜麦生长发育和抵御逆境胁迫的光系统和激素等响应元件。CqSGT1基因与BvSGT1基因亲缘关系最近。qPCR技术分析表明,藜麦SGT1在花和籽粒中表达量较高,推测其表达与花和籽粒形成发育有关;低温初期表达水平上调,随之被抑制;水杨酸(SA)正向调控SGT1的表达,3 h时响应最显著。SGT1于2403(抗病材料)中响应霜霉病菌侵染,抗病材料中SGT1的表达量于接种后2 h显著上调,后期先降后升,在24 h时的响应最为强烈,表明SGT1a/b基因在藜麦霜霉病中发挥正调控作用。CqSGT1基因具有组织表达特异性,并且均响应低温、SA胁迫及霜霉病菌侵染,在藜麦器官生长发育和抗逆过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 藜麦, SGT1, 霜霉病菌, 生物信息学分析, 基因克隆

Abstract:

The growth and development of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) are negatively affected by adverse conditions, and that restricts the development of the quinoa industry. SGT1 (suppressor of the G2 allele of Skp1) participates in the plant stress resistance response by regulating molecular chaperones and ubiquitination. The SGT1 protein inhibits Skp1-4, which are components of ubiquitin ligase complexes that regulating biological processes such as the cell cycle, signal transduction, and gene expression. The aim of this study was to identify quinoa SGT1 genes and determine their transcriptional responses to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. The SGT1 genes of quinoa were identified using bioinformatics-based methods, and their sequence characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, and expression patterns were analyzed. In addition, the physical and chemical properties and protein interaction networks of their putative encoded proteins were determined. The quinoa genome was found to contain two SGT1 genes, CqSGT1a and CqSGT1b, located on chromosomes 6 and 7. The putative quinoa SGT1 proteins are rich in basic amino acids, lack signal peptides, and are dominated by α-helixes. They were predicted to localize to the nucleus. Both were predicted to be hydrophobic proteins without transmembrane structures, and both contained the characteristic TPR-SGS-CS domain. The CqSGT1 promoter regions contained cis-acting elements related to light and hormone responsiveness, suggesting that the expression of these genes is tightly regulated during growth, development, and stress responses. The CqSGT1 genes showed the closest relationship with BvSGT1 from Beta vulgaris. The results of qPCR analyses showed that the highest transcript levels of SGT1 in quinoa were in the flowers and grains, suggesting that their expression was related to the formation and development of these organs. Under low temperature stress, both SGT1 genes were initially up-regulated and then down-regulated. Treatment with salicylic acid induced the expression of SGT1, and the response was most significant at 3 h after inoculation. SGT1 responses were seen during downy mildew (Peronospora variabilis) infection in the resistant quinoa line 2403. In the resistant line, SGT1 transcript levels were significantly increased at 2 h after inoculation, then decreased, and then subsequently increased again. The strongest response was at 24 h, indicating that the SGT1a/b genes play a positive regulatory role in the response to quinoa downy mildew. Both CqSGT1 genes showed tissue-specific expression patterns and responded to low temperature, salicylic acid, and downy mildew infection. These results show that SGT1 plays an important role in the growth and development of quinoa, and in its responses to biotic and abiotic stress.

Key words: Chenopodium quinoa, SGT1, Peronospora variabilis, bioinformatics analysis, gene cloning