桑树肠杆菌对盐胁迫下红砂幼苗的促生效应及根际机理

doi:10.11686/cyxb2025392

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究盐胁迫下植物根际促生菌（PGPR）对荒漠植物红砂幼苗的促生效应和根际机理，本研究以PGPR桑树肠杆菌菌株P4为对象，采用盆栽试验研究了接种P4对红砂幼苗生长、生理指标、磷元素功能基因丰度和土壤特性的影响。结果显示：1）在400 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫下，接种桑树肠杆菌P4后，红砂幼苗总根长和生物量均显著增加（P<0.05）。与盐处理组相比，接种P4后总根长显著增加了16.5%。同时，红砂幼苗的根干重、茎干重、叶干重分别较盐处理组显著提升了74.19%、160.71%、92.54%。2）接种桑树肠杆菌P4后红砂幼苗的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量较盐处理组分别显著增加64.30%、18.63%，丙二醛含量较盐处理组显著降低25.41%，脯氨酸含量下降了3.72%。3）接种桑树肠杆菌P4后蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性较盐处理组分别显著增加了89.64%、51.06%，淀粉酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性则分别显著降低27.90%、43.87%、3.03%。4）盐处理组显著抑制了红砂根际土壤磷循环功能基因（gcd、pqqC、ppx、phoD和phoX）的表达，而接种肠杆菌P4则能显著提高其功能基因丰度。总之，P4能够刺激土壤微生物的酶合成能力、维持酶活性、提升磷循环功能基因的表达水平，使红砂幼苗通过积累渗透调节物质维持细胞膨压，从而增强耐盐性。

关键词: 红砂, 盐胁迫, 桑树肠杆菌, 磷元素功能基因, 根际土壤

Abstract:

In this study， we investigated the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria （PGPR） on the growth and rhizosphere soil of the desert plant Reaumuria songarica under salt stress. Seedlings of R. songarica were inoculated with the PGPR Enterobacter mori P4 and subjected to 400 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress， and seedling growth and physiological indicators， as well as soil characteristics and phosphorus functional gene abundance， were determined. The main results were as follows： 1） Under salt stress， the R. songarica seedlings inoculated with P4 showed significantly increased total root length and seedling biomass， compared with those in the control （P<0.05）. Specifically， the group inoculated with P4 showed a significant increase in total root length by 16.5%， as well as increased root dry weight， stem dry weight， and leaf dry weight （by 74.19%， 160.71%， and 92.54%， respectively）. 2） Under salt stress， the seedlings inoculated with P4 showed significantly increased soluble sugar and soluble protein contents （by 64.30% and 18.63%， respectively）， significantly lower malondialdehyde content （by 25.41%）， and decreased proline content （by 3.72%）， compared with the control group. 3） Under salt stress， the activities of sucrase and phosphatase were significantly higher （by 89.64% and 51.06%， respectively）， and the activities of amylase， urease and catalase were significantly lower （by 27.90%， 43.87%， and 3.03% respectively）， in the P4-inoculated seedlings than in the control group. 4） The transcript levels of phosphorus cycle functional genes （gcd， pqqC， ppx， phoD， and phoX） were significantly lower in the rhizosphere soil of the control group than in that of the P4-inoculated seedlings， indicating that P4 can significantly increase the transcript abundance of these functional genes. In summary， P4 stimulates soil microorganisms to synthesize enzymes and increase the expression of genes in the phosphorus cycle， and promotes the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances in R. songarica， allowing it to maintain cell turgor and enhance its salt tolerance.

Key words: Reaumuria songarica, salt stress, Enterobacter mori, phosphorus functional gene, rhizosphere soil

娄凯欣, 种培芳, 包新光, 肖金亭, 杨佳丽. 桑树肠杆菌对盐胁迫下红砂幼苗的促生效应及根际机理[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(9): 87-99.

Kai-xin LOU, Pei-fang CHONG, Xin-guang BAO, Jin-ting XIAO, Jia-li YANG. Growth-promoting effect of Enterobacter mori on Reaumuria songarica seedlings under salt stress and its rhizosphere mechanism[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(9): 87-99.

图/表 7

表1 接种桑树肠杆菌P4对红砂幼苗生物量的影响

Table 1 Effect of inoculation of E. mori P4 on the biomass of R. songarica seedlings （g·plant-1）

处理 Treatment	叶鲜重 Leaf fresh weight	茎鲜重 Stem fresh weight	根鲜重 Root fresh weight	叶干重 Leaf dry weight	茎干重 Stem dry weight	根干重 Root dry weight
CK	3.26±0.25c	1.60±0.13b	1.34±0.06bc	1.09±0.24b	0.72±0.06b	0.25±0.02b
P4	6.26±0.11a	2.07±0.07a	2.22±0.28a	1.95±0.08a	0.93±0.03a	0.59±0.03a
S	1.44±0.19d	0.57±0.13c	0.76±0.19c	0.67±0.08c	0.28±0.06c	0.31±0.05b
P4+S	4.04±0.19b	1.56±0.07b	1.87±0.13ab	1.29±0.13b	0.73±0.02b	0.54±0.04a

图1 接种桑树肠杆菌P4对红砂幼苗株高和总根长的影响不同小写字母代表不同处理间差异显著（P<0.05），下同。Different lowercase letters represent significant differences among different treatments （P<0.05）， the same below.

Fig.1 Effect of inoculation of E. mori P4 on the plant height and total root length of R. songarica seedlings

图2 接种桑树肠杆菌P4对红砂幼苗根际土壤理化性质的影响

Fig.2 Effect of inoculation of E. mori P4 on the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil of R. songarica seedlings

图3 接种桑树肠杆菌P4对红砂幼苗根际土壤酶活性的影响

Fig.3 Effect of inoculation of E. mori P4 on the enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil of R. songarica seedlings

图4 接种桑树肠杆菌P4对红砂幼苗叶片渗透调节物质和丙二醛含量的影响

Fig.4 Effect of inoculation of E. mori P4 on the osmotic regulatory substances and malondialdehyde content in leaves of R. songarica seedlings

图5 接种桑树肠杆菌P4对磷循环相关功能基因丰度的影响

Fig.5 Effect of inoculation of E.mori P4 on the abundance of phosphorus cycling related functional genes

图6 盐胁迫下接种桑树肠杆菌P4对红砂幼苗系统多指标关联性的影响PH：株高Plant height； TRL：总根长Total root length； LDW：叶干重Leaf dry weight； SDW：茎干重Stem dry weight； RDW：根干重Root dry weight； STP：土壤全磷Soil total phosphorous； STK：土壤全钾Soil total potassium； AP：速效磷Available phosphorous； AK：速效钾Available potassium； EC：电导率Electrical conductivity； SOM：土壤有机质Soil organic matter； AA：淀粉酶活性Amylase activity； SA：蔗糖酶活性Sucrase activity； UA：脲酶活性Urease activity； APA：磷酸酶活性Phosphatase activity； CA：过氧化氢酶活性Catalase activity； SS：可溶性糖Soluble sugar； SP：可溶性蛋白Soluble protein； Pro：脯氨酸Proline； MDA：丙二醛Molondialdehyde. *： P≤0.05； ***： P≤0.001.

Fig.6 Effect of inoculation of E. mori P4 under salt stress on the correlation of multiple indicators of R. songarica seedlings system

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