草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 186-197.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023479
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
常怡然1(), 史佳梅1, 许冬梅1,2(), 康如龙1, 马媛1
收稿日期:
2023-12-13
修回日期:
2024-01-12
出版日期:
2024-11-20
发布日期:
2024-09-09
通讯作者:
许冬梅
作者简介:
E-mail: nxxudongmei@163.com基金资助:
Yi-ran CHANG1(), Jia-mei SHI1, Dong-mei XU1,2(), Ru-long KANG1, Yuan MA1
Received:
2023-12-13
Revised:
2024-01-12
Online:
2024-11-20
Published:
2024-09-09
Contact:
Dong-mei XU
摘要:
为了解荒漠草原蒙古冰草是否可以通过调整不同构件生物量及养分分配适应环境的变化,本研究基于宁夏盐池县自南向北气候由半干旱向干旱过渡、地形由黄土丘陵向鄂尔多斯缓坡丘陵过渡的自然特征,考虑到降水和土壤的时空变异,分别选取盐池县大水坑镇、青山乡、花马池镇和高沙窝镇不同自然种群的蒙古冰草为对象(分别以D、Q、H和G种群表示),研究了其个体生物量及养分在根、茎、叶、穗各构件的分配和权衡关系,以探讨蒙古冰草对荒漠草原异质生境的资源权衡适应策略。结果表明:1)H种群的蒙古冰草个体总生物量和根冠比分别为24.69 g·株-1和0.85,显著高于D、Q和G种群(P<0.05);除H种群外,其他种群的蒙古冰草构件生物量均表现为茎>根>穗>叶。2)不同自然种群的蒙古冰草叶-穗、叶-根之间均呈显著的异速生长关系,在D和H种群中各构件生物量累积速率表现为根>叶>穗>茎。3)蒙古冰草各构件氮含量和N/P以H种群较高,C/N则以H种群较低;碳、氮、磷含量在各自然种群均以根部最低,N/P以叶部最高,C/N、C/P以茎部最高(P<0.05)。4)蒙古冰草主要通过根、茎、叶之间的生物量权衡、叶部碳含量和C/P、穗部氮含量的可塑性变化适应环境的改变,土壤全氮和全钾是影响其生物量和养分分配的主要环境因子。综上所述,荒漠草原蒙古冰草各构件之间的资源权衡和异速生长关系有其固有的特征,同时,其在一定程度上又可以调节自身资源分配以应对特化的生境,体现了不同自然种群对异质环境的可塑性适应对策。
常怡然, 史佳梅, 许冬梅, 康如龙, 马媛. 荒漠草原不同自然种群蒙古冰草生物量和养分权衡特征[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(11): 186-197.
Yi-ran CHANG, Jia-mei SHI, Dong-mei XU, Ru-long KANG, Yuan MA. Trade-off relationships between biomass and nutrient allocation in different natural populations of Agropyron mongolicum on the desert steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(11): 186-197.
指标 Index | 不同自然种群所在样地Plots of different natural populations | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
D | Q | H | G | |
经度Longitude (E) | 106°58′04″ | 107°01′28″ | 107°16′48″ | 107°00′06″ |
纬度Latitude (N) | 37°24′54″ | 37°30′50″ | 37°45′42″ | 37°55′47″ |
海拔Altitude (m) | 1515.2 | 1462.0 | 1395.2 | 1386.5 |
多年平均降水量Average annual precipitation (mm) | 340.6 | 266.0 | 304.7 | 231.7 |
平均植被盖度Average vegetation coverage (%) | 71.93 | 65.53 | 67.27 | 56.67 |
表1 不同自然种群蒙古冰草所处样地概况
Table 1 General situation for the plots of A. mongolicum of different natural populations
指标 Index | 不同自然种群所在样地Plots of different natural populations | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
D | Q | H | G | |
经度Longitude (E) | 106°58′04″ | 107°01′28″ | 107°16′48″ | 107°00′06″ |
纬度Latitude (N) | 37°24′54″ | 37°30′50″ | 37°45′42″ | 37°55′47″ |
海拔Altitude (m) | 1515.2 | 1462.0 | 1395.2 | 1386.5 |
多年平均降水量Average annual precipitation (mm) | 340.6 | 266.0 | 304.7 | 231.7 |
平均植被盖度Average vegetation coverage (%) | 71.93 | 65.53 | 67.27 | 56.67 |
指标 Index | 不同自然种群所在样地 Plots of different natural populations | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
D | Q | H | G | |
土壤含水量 Soil moisture content (%) | 6.68±1.10a | 5.01±1.00b | 5.90±2.13ab | 4.93±1.08b |
黏粒 Soil clay content (%) | 2.12±0.61a | 2.72±0.61a | 2.47±0.39a | 1.96±0.31a |
粉粒 Soil silt content (%) | 50.90±0.78ab | 50.32±0.21b | 54.10±1.12a | 51.98±1.59ab |
砂粒 Soil sand content (%) | 46.98±1.36a | 46.96±0.82a | 43.43±1.47a | 46.06±1.88a |
土壤全碳 Soil total carbon (g·kg-1) | 11.56±1.14a | 7.55±0.95b | 12.12±0.48a | 6.96±0.11b |
土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 0.27±0.01b | 0.21±0.01c | 0.33±0.03a | 0.23±0.02bc |
土壤全磷Soil total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 0.22±0.01b | 0.22±0.01b | 0.27±0.01a | 0.25±0.01ab |
土壤全钾 Soil total potassium (g·kg-1) | 19.89±0.15b | 24.83±0.18a | 24.87±0.43a | 20.86±0.02b |
表2 不同自然种群所在样地土壤理化性状
Table 2 Soil physical and chemical properties for the plots of different natural populations
指标 Index | 不同自然种群所在样地 Plots of different natural populations | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
D | Q | H | G | |
土壤含水量 Soil moisture content (%) | 6.68±1.10a | 5.01±1.00b | 5.90±2.13ab | 4.93±1.08b |
黏粒 Soil clay content (%) | 2.12±0.61a | 2.72±0.61a | 2.47±0.39a | 1.96±0.31a |
粉粒 Soil silt content (%) | 50.90±0.78ab | 50.32±0.21b | 54.10±1.12a | 51.98±1.59ab |
砂粒 Soil sand content (%) | 46.98±1.36a | 46.96±0.82a | 43.43±1.47a | 46.06±1.88a |
土壤全碳 Soil total carbon (g·kg-1) | 11.56±1.14a | 7.55±0.95b | 12.12±0.48a | 6.96±0.11b |
土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 0.27±0.01b | 0.21±0.01c | 0.33±0.03a | 0.23±0.02bc |
土壤全磷Soil total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 0.22±0.01b | 0.22±0.01b | 0.27±0.01a | 0.25±0.01ab |
土壤全钾 Soil total potassium (g·kg-1) | 19.89±0.15b | 24.83±0.18a | 24.87±0.43a | 20.86±0.02b |
种群 Population | 茎生物量 Stem biomass | 叶生物量 Leaf biomass | 穗生物量 Spike biomass | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass | 根生物量 Root biomass | 个体总生物量 Total biomass |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D | 12.57±1.45Aa | 1.27±0.07Ab | 2.42±0.25Ab | 16.26±1.73A | 3.11±0.32Bb | 19.38±2.01B |
Q | 6.10±0.86Ba | 0.56±0.14Bc | 1.31±0.28Bb | 7.97±1.08B | 2.37±0.42Bb | 10.34±1.34BC |
H | 10.09±1.42Aa | 1.39±0.13Ab | 1.84±0.41ABb | 13.33±1.89A | 11.36±1.56Aa | 24.69±3.01A |
G | 2.39±0.74Ba | 0.34±0.01Bb | 0.58±0.25Cb | 3.31±0.07B | 2.13±0.40Ba | 5.44±0.39C |
表3 不同自然种群蒙古冰草各构件生物量
Table 3 Component biomass of A. mongolicum for different natural populations (g·plant-1)
种群 Population | 茎生物量 Stem biomass | 叶生物量 Leaf biomass | 穗生物量 Spike biomass | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass | 根生物量 Root biomass | 个体总生物量 Total biomass |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D | 12.57±1.45Aa | 1.27±0.07Ab | 2.42±0.25Ab | 16.26±1.73A | 3.11±0.32Bb | 19.38±2.01B |
Q | 6.10±0.86Ba | 0.56±0.14Bc | 1.31±0.28Bb | 7.97±1.08B | 2.37±0.42Bb | 10.34±1.34BC |
H | 10.09±1.42Aa | 1.39±0.13Ab | 1.84±0.41ABb | 13.33±1.89A | 11.36±1.56Aa | 24.69±3.01A |
G | 2.39±0.74Ba | 0.34±0.01Bb | 0.58±0.25Cb | 3.31±0.07B | 2.13±0.40Ba | 5.44±0.39C |
图1 不同自然种群蒙古冰草构件生物量分配特征图a中不同大写字母表示同一构件不同自然种群之间差异显著(P<0.05);不同小写字母表示同一种群不同构件之间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。图b中不同小写字母表示不同自然种群之间差异显著(P<0.05)。In the figure a, the different capital letters in the same component indicate significant differences among different natural populations at 0.05 level; Different lowercase letters in the same population indicate significant differences among different components at 0.05 level, the same below. In the figure b, the different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different natural populations at 0.05 level.
Fig.1 Component biomass allocation of A. mongolicum for different natural populations
图2 不同自然种群蒙古冰草各构件之间的异速生长关系b表示线性关系的斜率,P表示方程拟合的显著性,P1表示异速生长指数与理论值1.0的差异显著性。b denotes the slope of the linear relationship, P denotes the significance of the equation fit, P1 indicates the significance of the difference between the allometric index and the theoretical value of 1.0.
Fig.2 Component allometric relationship of A. mongolicum for different natural populations
种群Population | 构件Component | 碳储量Carbon storage | 氮储量Nitrogen storage | 磷储量Phosphorus storage |
---|---|---|---|---|
D | 根Root | 755.91±80.03Bb | 12.54±1.73Bc | 0.97±0.10Bb |
茎Stem | 8037.88±850.99Aa | 52.89±5.47Aa | 3.90±0.39Aa | |
叶Leaf | 811.28±40.48Ab | 21.91±1.01Abc | 1.18±0.03Ab | |
穗Spike | 1478.49±152.74Ab | 37.12±3.30Ab | 3.53±0.42Aa | |
Q | 根Root | 574.86±135.25Bb | 8.95±1.63Bb | 0.80±0.14Bb |
茎Stem | 3878.47±533.75Ba | 23.56±3.51Ba | 1.94±0.35Ba | |
叶Leaf | 358.08±91.59Bb | 8.86±2.51Bb | 0.53±0.14Bb | |
穗Spike | 804.35±180.71Bb | 16.80±2.68Bab | 1.60±0.28Ba | |
H | 根Root | 2489.87±158.46Ab | 43.20±4.09Ab | 3.42±0.13Aa |
茎Stem | 6492.72±994.74Aa | 67.76±9.82Aa | 3.84±0.45Aa | |
叶Leaf | 1008.27±117.61Ab | 28.45±3.64Ab | 1.29±0.18Ab | |
穗Spike | 1100.17±235.92ABb | 28.13±5.36ABb | 2.29±0.61ABb | |
G | 根Root | 500.24±51.88Bb | 9.11±1.00Ba | 0.79±0.16Ba |
茎Stem | 1507.66±460.74Ba | 17.09±6.17Ba | 1.62±0.84Ba | |
叶Leaf | 216.98±5.95Bb | 7.37±0.71Ba | 0.41±0.06Ba | |
穗Spike | 357.09±160.08Bb | 8.31±3.53Ba | 0.78±0.36Ca |
表4 不同自然种群蒙古冰草各构件营养物质储量
Table 4 Component nutrient storage of A. mongolicum for different natural populations (g·m-2)
种群Population | 构件Component | 碳储量Carbon storage | 氮储量Nitrogen storage | 磷储量Phosphorus storage |
---|---|---|---|---|
D | 根Root | 755.91±80.03Bb | 12.54±1.73Bc | 0.97±0.10Bb |
茎Stem | 8037.88±850.99Aa | 52.89±5.47Aa | 3.90±0.39Aa | |
叶Leaf | 811.28±40.48Ab | 21.91±1.01Abc | 1.18±0.03Ab | |
穗Spike | 1478.49±152.74Ab | 37.12±3.30Ab | 3.53±0.42Aa | |
Q | 根Root | 574.86±135.25Bb | 8.95±1.63Bb | 0.80±0.14Bb |
茎Stem | 3878.47±533.75Ba | 23.56±3.51Ba | 1.94±0.35Ba | |
叶Leaf | 358.08±91.59Bb | 8.86±2.51Bb | 0.53±0.14Bb | |
穗Spike | 804.35±180.71Bb | 16.80±2.68Bab | 1.60±0.28Ba | |
H | 根Root | 2489.87±158.46Ab | 43.20±4.09Ab | 3.42±0.13Aa |
茎Stem | 6492.72±994.74Aa | 67.76±9.82Aa | 3.84±0.45Aa | |
叶Leaf | 1008.27±117.61Ab | 28.45±3.64Ab | 1.29±0.18Ab | |
穗Spike | 1100.17±235.92ABb | 28.13±5.36ABb | 2.29±0.61ABb | |
G | 根Root | 500.24±51.88Bb | 9.11±1.00Ba | 0.79±0.16Ba |
茎Stem | 1507.66±460.74Ba | 17.09±6.17Ba | 1.62±0.84Ba | |
叶Leaf | 216.98±5.95Bb | 7.37±0.71Ba | 0.41±0.06Ba | |
穗Spike | 357.09±160.08Bb | 8.31±3.53Ba | 0.78±0.36Ca |
图4 蒙古冰草构件生物量、营养参数及其与土壤因子的冗余分析RB: 根生物量Root biomass; SB: 茎生物量Stem biomass; LB: 叶生物量Leaf biomass; SC: 茎部碳含量Stem carbon content; LC: 叶部碳含量Leaf carbon content; EC: 穗部碳含量Spike carbon content; EN: 穗部氮含量Spike nitrogen content; R/S: 根冠比Root-shoot ratio; RP: 根部磷含量Root phosphorus content; RN/P: 根部N/P Root N/P; SC/N: 茎部C/N Stem C/N; LC/P: 叶部C/P Leaf C/P; LC/N: 叶部C/N Leaf C/N; STC: 土壤全碳Soil total carbon; STN: 土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen; STP: 土壤全磷Soil total phosphorus; STK: 土壤全钾Soil total potassium; SWC: 土壤含水量Soil water content; Cl: 黏粒Soil clay content; Si: 粉粒Soil silt content; Sa: 砂粒Soil sand content.
Fig.4 Redundancy analysis of component biomass, nutrition index and soil factors of A. mongolicum
环境因子 Environmental factor | 解释量 Explains (%) | 贡献率 Contribution (%) | F | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen | 39.3 | 45.5 | 6.5 | 0.010** |
土壤全钾 Soil total potassium | 27.7 | 32.1 | 7.5 | 0.022* |
土壤全碳 Soil total carbon | 4.0 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 0.314 |
砂粒 Soil sand content | 7.1 | 8.2 | 2.3 | 0.132 |
土壤含水量 Soil water content | 6.9 | 7.9 | 2.7 | 0.090 |
黏粒 Soil clay content | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.772 |
土壤全磷Soil total phosphorus | 0.3 | 0.3 | <0.1 | 0.980 |
粉粒 Soil silt content | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 | 1.000 |
表5 冗余分析排序及蒙特卡洛置换检验结果
Table 5 Results by redundancy analysis ordination with the first two axes and Monte Carlo permutation test
环境因子 Environmental factor | 解释量 Explains (%) | 贡献率 Contribution (%) | F | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen | 39.3 | 45.5 | 6.5 | 0.010** |
土壤全钾 Soil total potassium | 27.7 | 32.1 | 7.5 | 0.022* |
土壤全碳 Soil total carbon | 4.0 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 0.314 |
砂粒 Soil sand content | 7.1 | 8.2 | 2.3 | 0.132 |
土壤含水量 Soil water content | 6.9 | 7.9 | 2.7 | 0.090 |
黏粒 Soil clay content | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.772 |
土壤全磷Soil total phosphorus | 0.3 | 0.3 | <0.1 | 0.980 |
粉粒 Soil silt content | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 | 1.000 |
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