草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 151-161.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020248
霍俊宏1(), 詹康2, 黄秋生3, 钟小军1, 占今舜1(), 严学兵2()
收稿日期:
2020-05-27
修回日期:
2020-06-29
出版日期:
2021-05-21
发布日期:
2021-05-21
通讯作者:
占今舜,严学兵
作者简介:
yxbbjzz@163.com基金资助:
Jun-hong HUO1(), Kang ZHAN2, Qiu-sheng HUANG3, Xiao-jun ZHONG1, Jin-shun ZHAN1(), Xue-bing YAN2()
Received:
2020-05-27
Revised:
2020-06-29
Online:
2021-05-21
Published:
2021-05-21
Contact:
Jin-shun ZHAN,Xue-bing YAN
摘要:
在相同蛋能比和钙磷比下,研究不同精粗比全混合日粮对努比亚山羊生长性能、血清生化指标和瘤胃发酵的影响。选择健康、体重相近的2月龄努比亚山羊母羊36只,随机分为3组,每组12只羊,分别饲喂精粗比为40∶60(L)、50∶50(M)和60∶40(H)的全混合日粮。试验期70 d。结果表明:1)正试期第14天,L组山羊的平均日采食量显著高于其他两组(P<0.01)。正试期第35天,L组山羊的平均日采食量显著高于H组(P<0.05),而料重比则相反。正试期第56天,L组山羊的平均日增重显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),而料重比则相反。2)正试期第14天,L组山羊血清白蛋白(albumin,ALB)和尿素氮(urea nitrogen,BUN)浓度显著高于H组(P<0.05)。正试期第56天,L组山羊血清ALB和血糖(glucose,GLU)含量以及M组山羊血清甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量显著高于H组(P<0.05)。3)正试期第14天,M组山羊血清瘦素(leptin,LEP)和三碘甲状腺原氨酸(triiodothyronine,T3)浓度分别显著低于H组和L组(P<0.05)。正试期第35天,L组山羊血清LEP和胰岛素(insulin,INS)浓度显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。正试期第56天,L组山羊血清生长激素(growth hormone,GH)浓度显著高于H组(P<0.05)。4)M组山羊的后腿重和屠宰率显著高于L组(P<0.05)。5)L组的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),而pH则相反。6)L组山羊瘤胃的黄色瘤胃球菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌、白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌数量显著高于H组(P<0.05),而乳酸菌数量和嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌则相反。M组山羊瘤胃的栖瘤胃普雷沃菌数量显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。综上所述,努比亚山羊饲喂精粗比40∶60全混合日粮能够获得最佳的生产性能。
霍俊宏, 詹康, 黄秋生, 钟小军, 占今舜, 严学兵. 不同精粗比日粮对山羊生产性能、血清生化指标和瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(6): 151-161.
Jun-hong HUO, Kang ZHAN, Qiu-sheng HUANG, Xiao-jun ZHONG, Jin-shun ZHAN, Xue-bing YAN. Effects of different concentration∶roughage ratios on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and ruminal fermentation of Nubian goats[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 151-161.
项目Items | L | M | H |
---|---|---|---|
原料组成Ingredients | |||
玉米Corn (%) | 29.70 | 35.70 | 44.90 |
麦麸Wheat bran (%) | 2.10 | 5.70 | 4.90 |
豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 1.90 | 3.30 | 5.60 |
氯化钠NaCl (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
磷酸二氢钠NaH2PO4 (%) | 3.50 | 2.70 | 2.00 |
花生蔓Peanut vine (%) | 60.30 | 50.10 | 40.10 |
预混料Premix1) (%) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
合计Total (%) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
精料∶粗料Concentration∶roughage | 40∶60 | 50∶50 | 60∶40 |
营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |||
消化能Digestible energy (DE,MJ·kg-1) | 10.48 | 11.00 | 11.60 |
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP,%) | 10.30 | 10.82 | 11.40 |
蛋能比(g·MJ-1) | 9.83 | 9.83 | 9.83 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF,%) | 37.34 | 33.93 | 29.23 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF,%) | 31.20 | 26.94 | 22.46 |
钙Calcium (Ca,%) | 1.54 | 1.31 | 1.08 |
磷Phosphorus (P,%) | 1.03 | 0.88 | 0.72 |
钙/磷Ca/P | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.49 |
表1 饲粮组成与营养水平(干物质基础)
Table 1 Compositions and nutrient levels of diets (DM basis)
项目Items | L | M | H |
---|---|---|---|
原料组成Ingredients | |||
玉米Corn (%) | 29.70 | 35.70 | 44.90 |
麦麸Wheat bran (%) | 2.10 | 5.70 | 4.90 |
豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 1.90 | 3.30 | 5.60 |
氯化钠NaCl (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
磷酸二氢钠NaH2PO4 (%) | 3.50 | 2.70 | 2.00 |
花生蔓Peanut vine (%) | 60.30 | 50.10 | 40.10 |
预混料Premix1) (%) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
合计Total (%) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
精料∶粗料Concentration∶roughage | 40∶60 | 50∶50 | 60∶40 |
营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |||
消化能Digestible energy (DE,MJ·kg-1) | 10.48 | 11.00 | 11.60 |
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP,%) | 10.30 | 10.82 | 11.40 |
蛋能比(g·MJ-1) | 9.83 | 9.83 | 9.83 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF,%) | 37.34 | 33.93 | 29.23 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF,%) | 31.20 | 26.94 | 22.46 |
钙Calcium (Ca,%) | 1.54 | 1.31 | 1.08 |
磷Phosphorus (P,%) | 1.03 | 0.88 | 0.72 |
钙/磷Ca/P | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.49 |
项目Items | 引物序列Primer sequence 5'-3' | 产物长度Product length (bp) |
---|---|---|
总细菌General bacteria | F: CGGCAACGAGCGCAACCC R: CCATTGTAGCACGTGTGTAGCC | 130 |
黄色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus flavefaciens | F: CGAACGGAGATAATTTGAGTTTACTTAGG R: CGGTCTCTGTATGTTATGAGGTATTACC | 132 |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens | F: ACCGCATAAGCGCACGGA R: CGGGTCCATCTTGTACCGATAAAT | 65 |
嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌Ruminobacter amylophilus | F: CTGGGGAGCTGCCTGAAT R: CATCTGAATGCGACTGGTTG | 100 |
栖瘤胃普雷沃菌Prevotella ruminicola | F: GCGAAAGTCGGATTAATGCTCTATG R: CCCATCCTATAGCGGTAAACCTTTG | 78 |
乳酸菌Lactobacillus spp. | F: AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA R: ATTCCACCGCTACACATG | 345 |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌Fibrobacter succinogenes | F: GGAGCGTAGGCGGAGATTCA R: GCCTGCCCCTGAACTATCCA | 97 |
白色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus albus | F: CCCTAAAAGCAGTCTTAGTTCG R: CCTCCTTGCGGTTAGAACA | 176 |
表2 实时定量PCR引物
Table 2 Primer used for the real-time polymerase chain reaction
项目Items | 引物序列Primer sequence 5'-3' | 产物长度Product length (bp) |
---|---|---|
总细菌General bacteria | F: CGGCAACGAGCGCAACCC R: CCATTGTAGCACGTGTGTAGCC | 130 |
黄色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus flavefaciens | F: CGAACGGAGATAATTTGAGTTTACTTAGG R: CGGTCTCTGTATGTTATGAGGTATTACC | 132 |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens | F: ACCGCATAAGCGCACGGA R: CGGGTCCATCTTGTACCGATAAAT | 65 |
嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌Ruminobacter amylophilus | F: CTGGGGAGCTGCCTGAAT R: CATCTGAATGCGACTGGTTG | 100 |
栖瘤胃普雷沃菌Prevotella ruminicola | F: GCGAAAGTCGGATTAATGCTCTATG R: CCCATCCTATAGCGGTAAACCTTTG | 78 |
乳酸菌Lactobacillus spp. | F: AGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCA R: ATTCCACCGCTACACATG | 345 |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌Fibrobacter succinogenes | F: GGAGCGTAGGCGGAGATTCA R: GCCTGCCCCTGAACTATCCA | 97 |
白色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus albus | F: CCCTAAAAGCAGTCTTAGTTCG R: CCTCCTTGCGGTTAGAACA | 176 |
项目Items | 试验期Test period (d) | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
体重Body weight (kg) | 14 | 22.51 | 22.32 | 22.33 | 0.66 | 0.95 |
35 | 23.21 | 22.97 | 22.65 | 0.73 | 0.75 | |
56 | 26.32 | 25.69 | 25.56 | 0.78 | 0.59 | |
平均日增重Average daily gain (ADG, g) | 14 | 116.79 | 107.50 | 101.43 | 11.65 | 0.43 |
35 | 90.41 | 74.29 | 74.90 | 10.53 | 0.25 | |
56 | 108.21a | 90.12b | 91.90b | 7.64 | 0.03 | |
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (ADFI, g) | 14 | 495.14a | 434.72b | 417.88b | 12.69 | <0.01 |
35 | 467.59a | 458.45ab | 425.58b | 17.49 | 0.03 | |
56 | 455.93ab | 467.74a | 450.54b | 17.48 | 0.04 | |
料重比Feed/gain, F/G | 14 | 6.50 | 7.19 | 7.79 | 1.03 | 0.47 |
35 | 7.98b | 10.66ab | 11.24a | 1.32 | 0.03 | |
56 | 6.27b | 7.96a | 8.58a | 0.65 | 0.01 |
表3 不同精粗比饲粮对山羊生长性能的影响
Table 3 Effects of different concentrate-roughage ratios on growth performance of goats
项目Items | 试验期Test period (d) | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
体重Body weight (kg) | 14 | 22.51 | 22.32 | 22.33 | 0.66 | 0.95 |
35 | 23.21 | 22.97 | 22.65 | 0.73 | 0.75 | |
56 | 26.32 | 25.69 | 25.56 | 0.78 | 0.59 | |
平均日增重Average daily gain (ADG, g) | 14 | 116.79 | 107.50 | 101.43 | 11.65 | 0.43 |
35 | 90.41 | 74.29 | 74.90 | 10.53 | 0.25 | |
56 | 108.21a | 90.12b | 91.90b | 7.64 | 0.03 | |
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (ADFI, g) | 14 | 495.14a | 434.72b | 417.88b | 12.69 | <0.01 |
35 | 467.59a | 458.45ab | 425.58b | 17.49 | 0.03 | |
56 | 455.93ab | 467.74a | 450.54b | 17.48 | 0.04 | |
料重比Feed/gain, F/G | 14 | 6.50 | 7.19 | 7.79 | 1.03 | 0.47 |
35 | 7.98b | 10.66ab | 11.24a | 1.32 | 0.03 | |
56 | 6.27b | 7.96a | 8.58a | 0.65 | 0.01 |
项目Items | 试验期Test period (d) | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总蛋白 Total protein (TP, g·L-1) | 14 | 75.29 | 75.53 | 70.99 | 4.72 | 0.57 |
35 | 72.98 | 74.55 | 70.88 | 2.41 | 0.34 | |
56 | 66.94 | 69.88 | 62.80 | 3.86 | 0.22 | |
白蛋白 Albumin (ALB, g·L-1) | 14 | 29.45ab | 26.96a | 25.86b | 1.49 | 0.03 |
35 | 31.10 | 30.16 | 28.49 | 1.55 | 0.26 | |
56 | 28.93a | 27.36ab | 24.68b | 1.37 | 0.02 | |
球蛋白 Globulin (GLB, g·L-1) | 14 | 45.84 | 48.57 | 45.13 | 4.84 | 0.76 |
35 | 41.88 | 45.98 | 42.40 | 3.12 | 0.38 | |
56 | 38.01 | 42.52 | 38.12 | 3.50 | 0.36 | |
尿素氮 Urea nitrogen (BUN, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 7.90a | 7.52ab | 6.21b | 0.72 | 0.03 |
35 | 6.60 | 6.34 | 5.96 | 0.60 | 0.57 | |
56 | 5.13 | 4.86 | 4.30 | 0.56 | 0.35 | |
血糖 Glucose (GLU, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 3.26 | 3.01 | 3.38 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
35 | 3.73 | 3.70 | 3.99 | 0.23 | 0.41 | |
56 | 4.12a | 3.56b | 3.69b | 0.18 | 0.02 | |
总胆固醇 Total cholesterol (TC, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 2.63 | 2.13 | 2.19 | 0.33 | 0.29 |
35 | 2.51 | 2.53 | 2.53 | 0.24 | 0.99 | |
56 | 2.23 | 2.04 | 2.08 | 0.31 | 0.82 | |
甘油三酯 Triglyceride (TG, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.83 |
35 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.84 | |
56 | 0.25ab | 0.37a | 0.23b | 0.06 | 0.04 |
表4 不同精粗比饲粮对山羊血清生化指标的影响
Table 4 Effects of different concentrate-roughage ratios on serum biochemical indices of goats
项目Items | 试验期Test period (d) | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总蛋白 Total protein (TP, g·L-1) | 14 | 75.29 | 75.53 | 70.99 | 4.72 | 0.57 |
35 | 72.98 | 74.55 | 70.88 | 2.41 | 0.34 | |
56 | 66.94 | 69.88 | 62.80 | 3.86 | 0.22 | |
白蛋白 Albumin (ALB, g·L-1) | 14 | 29.45ab | 26.96a | 25.86b | 1.49 | 0.03 |
35 | 31.10 | 30.16 | 28.49 | 1.55 | 0.26 | |
56 | 28.93a | 27.36ab | 24.68b | 1.37 | 0.02 | |
球蛋白 Globulin (GLB, g·L-1) | 14 | 45.84 | 48.57 | 45.13 | 4.84 | 0.76 |
35 | 41.88 | 45.98 | 42.40 | 3.12 | 0.38 | |
56 | 38.01 | 42.52 | 38.12 | 3.50 | 0.36 | |
尿素氮 Urea nitrogen (BUN, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 7.90a | 7.52ab | 6.21b | 0.72 | 0.03 |
35 | 6.60 | 6.34 | 5.96 | 0.60 | 0.57 | |
56 | 5.13 | 4.86 | 4.30 | 0.56 | 0.35 | |
血糖 Glucose (GLU, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 3.26 | 3.01 | 3.38 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
35 | 3.73 | 3.70 | 3.99 | 0.23 | 0.41 | |
56 | 4.12a | 3.56b | 3.69b | 0.18 | 0.02 | |
总胆固醇 Total cholesterol (TC, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 2.63 | 2.13 | 2.19 | 0.33 | 0.29 |
35 | 2.51 | 2.53 | 2.53 | 0.24 | 0.99 | |
56 | 2.23 | 2.04 | 2.08 | 0.31 | 0.82 | |
甘油三酯 Triglyceride (TG, mmol·L-1) | 14 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.83 |
35 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.84 | |
56 | 0.25ab | 0.37a | 0.23b | 0.06 | 0.04 |
项目Items | 试验期Test period (d) | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长激素 Growth hormone (GH, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 9.03 | 8.83 | 7.15 | 1.93 | 0.58 |
35 | 6.82 | 11.09 | 10.10 | 1.96 | 0.06 | |
56 | 8.74a | 5.38ab | 4.48b | 1.64 | 0.04 | |
瘦素 Leptin (LEP, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 6.00ab | 4.14b | 7.08a | 0.93 | 0.02 |
35 | 5.62b | 9.71a | 8.66a | 0.90 | <0.01 | |
56 | 5.57 | 6.49 | 5.08 | 0.81 | 0.24 | |
三碘甲状腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 1.25a | 0.92b | 0.96b | 0.13 | 0.04 |
35 | 1.09 | 1.38 | 1.31 | 0.18 | 0.26 | |
56 | 0.84 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.09 | 0.25 | |
四碘甲状腺原氨酸 Tetraiodothyronine (T4, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 89.98 | 79.70 | 80.36 | 9.55 | 0.50 |
35 | 87.88 | 90.67 | 98.95 | 14.19 | 0.73 | |
56 | 75.61 | 90.93 | 73.44 | 10.09 | 0.20 | |
胰岛素 Insulin (INS, μIU·mL-1) | 14 | 10.06 | 10.55 | 9.71 | 1.37 | 0.83 |
35 | 10.63b | 19.00a | 18.14a | 2.13 | <0.01 | |
56 | 10.39 | 13.99 | 14.33 | 2.28 | 0.19 |
表5 不同精粗比饲粮对山羊血清激素浓度的影响
Table 5 Effects of different concentrate-roughage ratios on serum hormone concentrations of goats
项目Items | 试验期Test period (d) | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生长激素 Growth hormone (GH, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 9.03 | 8.83 | 7.15 | 1.93 | 0.58 |
35 | 6.82 | 11.09 | 10.10 | 1.96 | 0.06 | |
56 | 8.74a | 5.38ab | 4.48b | 1.64 | 0.04 | |
瘦素 Leptin (LEP, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 6.00ab | 4.14b | 7.08a | 0.93 | 0.02 |
35 | 5.62b | 9.71a | 8.66a | 0.90 | <0.01 | |
56 | 5.57 | 6.49 | 5.08 | 0.81 | 0.24 | |
三碘甲状腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 1.25a | 0.92b | 0.96b | 0.13 | 0.04 |
35 | 1.09 | 1.38 | 1.31 | 0.18 | 0.26 | |
56 | 0.84 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.09 | 0.25 | |
四碘甲状腺原氨酸 Tetraiodothyronine (T4, ng·mL-1) | 14 | 89.98 | 79.70 | 80.36 | 9.55 | 0.50 |
35 | 87.88 | 90.67 | 98.95 | 14.19 | 0.73 | |
56 | 75.61 | 90.93 | 73.44 | 10.09 | 0.20 | |
胰岛素 Insulin (INS, μIU·mL-1) | 14 | 10.06 | 10.55 | 9.71 | 1.37 | 0.83 |
35 | 10.63b | 19.00a | 18.14a | 2.13 | <0.01 | |
56 | 10.39 | 13.99 | 14.33 | 2.28 | 0.19 |
项目Items | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
宰前活重Live weight before slaughter (LWBS, kg) | 26.63 | 25.38 | 26.13 | 0.68 | 0.16 |
胴体重Carcass weight (kg) | 10.38 | 11.02 | 10.99 | 0.27 | 0.10 |
后腿重Hind leg weight (kg) | 1.65b | 1.77a | 1.60b | 0.04 | 0.01 |
屠宰率Dressing percentage (%) | 40.67b | 43.37a | 43.31a | 0.81 | 0.01 |
眼肌面积Loin muscle area (cm2) | 8.49 | 8.28 | 8.40 | 0.45 | 0.89 |
背膘厚Backfat thickness (mm) | 1.20 | 1.43 | 1.37 | 0.23 | 0.62 |
肋肉厚Rib meat thickness (mm) | 8.53 | 8.50 | 9.37 | 0.70 | 0.42 |
表6 不同精粗比饲粮对山羊屠宰性能的影响
Table 6 Effects of different concentrate-roughage ratios on carcass traits of goats
项目Items | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
宰前活重Live weight before slaughter (LWBS, kg) | 26.63 | 25.38 | 26.13 | 0.68 | 0.16 |
胴体重Carcass weight (kg) | 10.38 | 11.02 | 10.99 | 0.27 | 0.10 |
后腿重Hind leg weight (kg) | 1.65b | 1.77a | 1.60b | 0.04 | 0.01 |
屠宰率Dressing percentage (%) | 40.67b | 43.37a | 43.31a | 0.81 | 0.01 |
眼肌面积Loin muscle area (cm2) | 8.49 | 8.28 | 8.40 | 0.45 | 0.89 |
背膘厚Backfat thickness (mm) | 1.20 | 1.43 | 1.37 | 0.23 | 0.62 |
肋肉厚Rib meat thickness (mm) | 8.53 | 8.50 | 9.37 | 0.70 | 0.42 |
项目Items | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 7.37a | 7.18b | 7.19b | 0.08 | 0.04 |
乙酸Acetic acid (mmol·L-1) | 22.84c | 47.45a | 33.23b | 3.96 | <0.01 |
丙酸Propionic acid (mmol·L-1) | 22.00c | 43.72a | 28.19b | 2.25 | <0.01 |
异丁酸Isobutyric acid (mmol·L-1) | 0.51 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.06 | 0.09 |
丁酸Butyric acid (mmol·L-1) | 2.34c | 4.00a | 3.00b | 0.23 | <0.01 |
异戊酸Isopentanoic acid (mmol·L-1) | 4.42 | 5.30 | 5.72 | 0.54 | 0.06 |
戊酸Pentanoic acid (mmol·L-1) | 1.35c | 2.08a | 1.75b | 0.13 | <0.01 |
总挥发性脂肪酸Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA, mmol·L-1) | 53.47c | 103.17a | 72.51b | 4.25 | <0.01 |
乙酸/丙酸Acetic acid/propionic acid | 1.04 | 1.10 | 1.18 | 0.12 | 0.28 |
氨态氮Ammoniacal nitrogen (mg·dL-1) | 10.61 | 10.23 | 9.99 | 1.66 | 0.93 |
表7 不同精粗比饲粮对山羊瘤胃发酵的影响
Table 7 Effects of different concentrate-roughage ratios on rumen fermentation of goats
项目Items | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 7.37a | 7.18b | 7.19b | 0.08 | 0.04 |
乙酸Acetic acid (mmol·L-1) | 22.84c | 47.45a | 33.23b | 3.96 | <0.01 |
丙酸Propionic acid (mmol·L-1) | 22.00c | 43.72a | 28.19b | 2.25 | <0.01 |
异丁酸Isobutyric acid (mmol·L-1) | 0.51 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.06 | 0.09 |
丁酸Butyric acid (mmol·L-1) | 2.34c | 4.00a | 3.00b | 0.23 | <0.01 |
异戊酸Isopentanoic acid (mmol·L-1) | 4.42 | 5.30 | 5.72 | 0.54 | 0.06 |
戊酸Pentanoic acid (mmol·L-1) | 1.35c | 2.08a | 1.75b | 0.13 | <0.01 |
总挥发性脂肪酸Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA, mmol·L-1) | 53.47c | 103.17a | 72.51b | 4.25 | <0.01 |
乙酸/丙酸Acetic acid/propionic acid | 1.04 | 1.10 | 1.18 | 0.12 | 0.28 |
氨态氮Ammoniacal nitrogen (mg·dL-1) | 10.61 | 10.23 | 9.99 | 1.66 | 0.93 |
细菌名称Bacterial names | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
黄色瘤胃球菌R. flavefaciens | 1.01a | 0.32b | 0.19b | 0.06 | <0.01 |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌B. fibrisolvens | 1.00a | 0.81b | 0.02c | 0.03 | <0.01 |
栖瘤胃普雷沃菌P. ruminicola | 1.00b | 2.17a | 1.10b | 0.08 | <0.01 |
乳酸菌Lactobacillus spp. | 1.00c | 2.07a | 1.71b | 0.15 | <0.01 |
嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌R. amylophilus | 1.00b | 1.17ab | 1.40a | 0.14 | 0.04 |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌F. succinogenes | 1.00a | 0.50b | 0.14c | 0.03 | <0.01 |
白色瘤胃球菌R. albus | 1.01a | 1.01a | 0.51b | 0.13 | <0.01 |
表8 不同精粗比饲粮对瘤胃细菌基因表达的影响
Table 8 Effects of different concentrate-roughage ratios on gene expression of ruminal bacteria
细菌名称Bacterial names | L | M | H | 标准误SEM | P值P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
黄色瘤胃球菌R. flavefaciens | 1.01a | 0.32b | 0.19b | 0.06 | <0.01 |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌B. fibrisolvens | 1.00a | 0.81b | 0.02c | 0.03 | <0.01 |
栖瘤胃普雷沃菌P. ruminicola | 1.00b | 2.17a | 1.10b | 0.08 | <0.01 |
乳酸菌Lactobacillus spp. | 1.00c | 2.07a | 1.71b | 0.15 | <0.01 |
嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌R. amylophilus | 1.00b | 1.17ab | 1.40a | 0.14 | 0.04 |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌F. succinogenes | 1.00a | 0.50b | 0.14c | 0.03 | <0.01 |
白色瘤胃球菌R. albus | 1.01a | 1.01a | 0.51b | 0.13 | <0.01 |
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