草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 148-159.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022053
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
杨乾龙1(), 魏倩倩1, 赵德辉1,2, 郭肖兰1, 张铁涛1, 王晓旭1, 鲍坤1, 王凯英1()
收稿日期:
2022-01-29
修回日期:
2022-04-28
出版日期:
2023-02-20
发布日期:
2022-12-01
通讯作者:
王凯英
作者简介:
E-mail: tcswky@126.com基金资助:
Qian-long YANG1(), Qian-qian WEI1, De-hui ZHAO1,2, Xiao-lan GUO1, Tie-tao ZHANG1, Xiao-xu WANG1, Kun BAO1, Kai-ying WANG1()
Received:
2022-01-29
Revised:
2022-04-28
Online:
2023-02-20
Published:
2022-12-01
Contact:
Kai-ying WANG
摘要:
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,将12头7月龄雄性梅花鹿仔鹿分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复1只),组间体重差异不显著。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂额外添加1.25(Ⅱ组)、2.50(Ⅲ组)和5.00 g·kg-1(Ⅳ组)过瘤胃半胱氨酸(有效成分51.70%)的试验饲粮。试验预饲期15 d,正试期112 d。结果表明,1)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组总增重和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅲ组料重比显著降低(P<0.05);2)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸各组粗蛋白质、钙和磷表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅲ组干物质和有机物表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05);3)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组甘氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),各组半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸和脯氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05);4)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组总蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05);5)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组过氧化氢酶活力显著提高(P<0.05),各组丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05);6)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组血清半胱氨酸浓度显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅲ组血清牛磺酸、丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸显著提高育成期梅花鹿总增重和平均日增重,显著降低料重比,显著提高粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷、有机物、干物质和氨基酸表观消化率,显著提高血清总蛋白含量和机体抗氧化功能,显著提高血清牛磺酸、丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸浓度,显著降低血清半胱氨酸浓度。本试验条件下过瘤胃半胱氨酸适宜添加量为2.50 g·kg-1,有效添加量为1.29 g·kg-1。
杨乾龙, 魏倩倩, 赵德辉, 郭肖兰, 张铁涛, 王晓旭, 鲍坤, 王凯英. 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(2): 148-159.
Qian-long YANG, Qian-qian WEI, De-hui ZHAO, Xiao-lan GUO, Tie-tao ZHANG, Xiao-xu WANG, Kun BAO, Kai-ying WANG. Effects of dietary rumen-protected cysteine on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during weight gain[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(2): 148-159.
原料 Ingredients | 含量 Content | 营养水平 Nutrient levels | 含量 Content2) |
---|---|---|---|
青贮玉米 Corn silage (%) | 37.50 | 干物质 Dry matter (DM,%) | 91.57 |
玉米 Corn (%) | 31.04 | 粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP,%) | 14.04 |
豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 18.38 | 粗脂肪 Ether extract (EE,%) | 1.54 |
玉米胚芽 Corn germ (%) | 6.21 | 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF,%) | 48.76 |
麦麸 Wheat bran (%) | 4.05 | 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF,%) | 22.08 |
盐 NaCl (%) | 0.50 | 钙 Calcium (Ca,%) | 0.49 |
赖氨酸盐酸盐Lysine hydrochloride (%) | 0.30 | 磷 Phosphorus (P,%) | 0.38 |
蛋氨酸 Methionine (%) | 0.12 | 总能 Gross energy (GE, MJ·kg-1) | 16.17 |
小苏打NaHCO3 (%) | 0.10 | ||
预混料 Premix1) (%) | 1.80 | ||
合计 Total (%) | 100.00 |
表 1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)
Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diet (air-dry basis)
原料 Ingredients | 含量 Content | 营养水平 Nutrient levels | 含量 Content2) |
---|---|---|---|
青贮玉米 Corn silage (%) | 37.50 | 干物质 Dry matter (DM,%) | 91.57 |
玉米 Corn (%) | 31.04 | 粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP,%) | 14.04 |
豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 18.38 | 粗脂肪 Ether extract (EE,%) | 1.54 |
玉米胚芽 Corn germ (%) | 6.21 | 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF,%) | 48.76 |
麦麸 Wheat bran (%) | 4.05 | 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF,%) | 22.08 |
盐 NaCl (%) | 0.50 | 钙 Calcium (Ca,%) | 0.49 |
赖氨酸盐酸盐Lysine hydrochloride (%) | 0.30 | 磷 Phosphorus (P,%) | 0.38 |
蛋氨酸 Methionine (%) | 0.12 | 总能 Gross energy (GE, MJ·kg-1) | 16.17 |
小苏打NaHCO3 (%) | 0.10 | ||
预混料 Premix1) (%) | 1.80 | ||
合计 Total (%) | 100.00 |
氨基酸Amino acids1) | 含量Content | 氨基酸Amino acids | 含量Content |
---|---|---|---|
半胱氨酸 Cysteine (Cys) | 0.26 | 苏氨酸Threonine (Thr) | 0.46 |
蛋氨酸 Methionine (Met) | 0.35 | 谷氨酰胺Glutamine (Glu) | 1.86 |
甘氨酸 Glycine (Gly) | 0.47 | 丙氨酸 Alanine (Ala) | 0.60 |
缬氨酸 Valine (Val) | 0.51 | 丝氨酸 Serine (Ser) | 0.52 |
异亮氨酸 Isoleucine (Ile) | 0.44 | 亮氨酸 Leucine (Leu) | 0.93 |
酪氨酸 Tyrosine (Tyr) | 0.38 | 苯丙氨酸 Phenylalanine (Phe) | 0.54 |
赖氨酸 Lysine (Lys) | 0.74 | 组氨酸 Histidine (His) | 0.39 |
天冬氨酸 Aspartic acid (Asp) | 1.02 | 脯氨酸 Proline (Pro) | 1.16 |
精氨酸 Arginine (Arg) | 0.63 |
表 2 基础饲粮中氨基酸水平(风干基础)
Table 2 Amino acid content in basal diet (air-dry basis, %)
氨基酸Amino acids1) | 含量Content | 氨基酸Amino acids | 含量Content |
---|---|---|---|
半胱氨酸 Cysteine (Cys) | 0.26 | 苏氨酸Threonine (Thr) | 0.46 |
蛋氨酸 Methionine (Met) | 0.35 | 谷氨酰胺Glutamine (Glu) | 1.86 |
甘氨酸 Glycine (Gly) | 0.47 | 丙氨酸 Alanine (Ala) | 0.60 |
缬氨酸 Valine (Val) | 0.51 | 丝氨酸 Serine (Ser) | 0.52 |
异亮氨酸 Isoleucine (Ile) | 0.44 | 亮氨酸 Leucine (Leu) | 0.93 |
酪氨酸 Tyrosine (Tyr) | 0.38 | 苯丙氨酸 Phenylalanine (Phe) | 0.54 |
赖氨酸 Lysine (Lys) | 0.74 | 组氨酸 Histidine (His) | 0.39 |
天冬氨酸 Aspartic acid (Asp) | 1.02 | 脯氨酸 Proline (Pro) | 1.16 |
精氨酸 Arginine (Arg) | 0.63 |
项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
初始体重 IBW (kg) | 33.83±1.42a | 33.50±1.28a | 33.50±0.95a | 33.67±0.42a | 0.996 |
终末体重 FBW (kg) | 44.67±1.66a | 43.67±1.12a | 47.50±0.37a | 45.33±0.59a | 0.102 |
总增重 TWG (kg) | 10.83±0.69b | 10.17±0.59b | 14.00±0.66a | 11.67±0.46b | 0.001 |
平均日增重 ADG (g·d-1) | 85.30±5.44b | 80.05±4.62b | 110.23±5.18a | 91.86±3.62b | 0.001 |
平均日采食量 ADFI (kg·d-1) | 1.38±0.02a | 1.40±0.02a | 1.37±0.03a | 1.37±0.03a | 0.892 |
料重比 F/G | 17.11±1.00a | 18.28±0.98a | 13.13±0.59b | 15.76±0.61a | 0.002 |
表3 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能的影响
Table 3 Effect of rumen-protected cysteine on growth performance of sika deer in growing period
项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
初始体重 IBW (kg) | 33.83±1.42a | 33.50±1.28a | 33.50±0.95a | 33.67±0.42a | 0.996 |
终末体重 FBW (kg) | 44.67±1.66a | 43.67±1.12a | 47.50±0.37a | 45.33±0.59a | 0.102 |
总增重 TWG (kg) | 10.83±0.69b | 10.17±0.59b | 14.00±0.66a | 11.67±0.46b | 0.001 |
平均日增重 ADG (g·d-1) | 85.30±5.44b | 80.05±4.62b | 110.23±5.18a | 91.86±3.62b | 0.001 |
平均日采食量 ADFI (kg·d-1) | 1.38±0.02a | 1.40±0.02a | 1.37±0.03a | 1.37±0.03a | 0.892 |
料重比 F/G | 17.11±1.00a | 18.28±0.98a | 13.13±0.59b | 15.76±0.61a | 0.002 |
项目 Items | 分组Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
粗蛋白质CP | 68.71±1.13c | 74.36±0.55ab | 75.89±0.33a | 72.95±0.80b | 0.001 |
粗脂肪EE | 74.76±2.44a | 75.49±0.66a | 80.87±1.82a | 79.19±0.99a | 0.083 |
中性洗涤纤维NDF | 43.88±3.31a | 40.85±1.44a | 47.74±1.84a | 43.96±2.25a | 0.291 |
酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 55.95±2.48a | 54.44±1.23a | 59.26±1.09a | 55.24±1.11a | 0.291 |
钙Ca | 16.62±1.66c | 30.52±1.16b | 38.28±0.66a | 38.85±3.88a | <0.001 |
磷 P | 34.70±3.57c | 43.45±0.86b | 47.35±2.87b | 57.20±2.28a | 0.002 |
干物质DM | 69.17±1.13c | 70.39±0.46bc | 73.17±0.34a | 71.80±0.67ab | 0.021 |
有机物OM | 71.44±1.19b | 72.41±0.50b | 75.16±0.37a | 73.69±0.62ab | 0.034 |
表4 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿营养物质表观消化率的影响
Table 4 Effect of rumen-protected cysteine on nutrient apparent digestibility in sika deer growing period (%)
项目 Items | 分组Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
粗蛋白质CP | 68.71±1.13c | 74.36±0.55ab | 75.89±0.33a | 72.95±0.80b | 0.001 |
粗脂肪EE | 74.76±2.44a | 75.49±0.66a | 80.87±1.82a | 79.19±0.99a | 0.083 |
中性洗涤纤维NDF | 43.88±3.31a | 40.85±1.44a | 47.74±1.84a | 43.96±2.25a | 0.291 |
酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 55.95±2.48a | 54.44±1.23a | 59.26±1.09a | 55.24±1.11a | 0.291 |
钙Ca | 16.62±1.66c | 30.52±1.16b | 38.28±0.66a | 38.85±3.88a | <0.001 |
磷 P | 34.70±3.57c | 43.45±0.86b | 47.35±2.87b | 57.20±2.28a | 0.002 |
干物质DM | 69.17±1.13c | 70.39±0.46bc | 73.17±0.34a | 71.80±0.67ab | 0.021 |
有机物OM | 71.44±1.19b | 72.41±0.50b | 75.16±0.37a | 73.69±0.62ab | 0.034 |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
半胱氨酸及相关合成代谢氨基酸Cysteine and related anabolic amino acids | |||||
半胱氨酸Cys | 67.39±1.39d | 79.27±0.46c | 83.23±0.40b | 86.55±0.22a | <0.001 |
蛋氨酸Met | 64.92±1.58b | 73.67±0.75a | 73.56±0.84a | 70.08±1.13a | 0.002 |
丝氨酸Ser | 64.80±1.39c | 71.50±0.77a | 72.57±0.10a | 68.26±1.03b | 0.002 |
甘氨酸Gly | 55.36±1.38b | 63.34±0.51a | 63.97±0.55a | 58.44±1.54b | 0.002 |
谷氨酸Glu | 73.81±0.89c | 79.61±0.76a | 81.06±0.15a | 77.38±0.61b | <0.001 |
其他必需氨基酸 Other essential amino acid | |||||
赖氨酸Lys | 54.53±1.42c | 65.63±0.87a | 67.51±0.32a | 61.78±1.36b | <0.001 |
苏氨酸Thr | 52.60±1.73c | 62.36±0.88a | 63.35±0.24a | 57.44±1.69b | 0.001 |
缬氨酸Val | 57.22±1.42c | 67.77±0.72a | 69.30±0.57a | 63.34±1.38b | <0.001 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 66.73±1.46c | 76.33±0.52a | 77.09±0.46a | 72.34±1.01b | <0.001 |
亮氨酸Leu | 68.28±1.07c | 78.33±1.30ab | 80.05±0.13a | 76.45±0.56b | <0.001 |
精氨酸Arg | 80.32±0.66c | 84.80±0.33a | 85.49±0.14a | 82.69±0.77b | 0.001 |
苯丙氨酸Phe | 69.32±0.92c | 76.12±0.65a | 76.78±0.22a | 72.71±0.88b | <0.001 |
组氨酸His | 83.33±0.41c | 87.03±0.34a | 87.74±0.13a | 85.45±0.38b | <0.001 |
其他非必需氨基酸Other non-essential amino acid | |||||
天冬氨酸Asp | 62.80±1.34c | 70.82±0.64a | 71.66±0.25a | 66.68±1.26b | 0.001 |
酪氨酸Tyr | 69.03±1.23b | 77.96±0.76a | 78.41±0.08a | 74.61±2.01a | 0.002 |
丙氨酸Ala | 59.03±1.35c | 66.32±1.06ab | 68.91±0.28a | 63.32±1.28b | 0.001 |
脯氨酸Pro | 83.87±0.53c | 86.58±0.38ab | 87.56±0.13a | 85.56±0.36b | 0.001 |
表5 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿氨基酸营养物质表观消化率的影响
Table 5 Effect of rumen-protected cysteine on nutrient apparent digestibility of amino acid in sika deer growing period (%)
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
半胱氨酸及相关合成代谢氨基酸Cysteine and related anabolic amino acids | |||||
半胱氨酸Cys | 67.39±1.39d | 79.27±0.46c | 83.23±0.40b | 86.55±0.22a | <0.001 |
蛋氨酸Met | 64.92±1.58b | 73.67±0.75a | 73.56±0.84a | 70.08±1.13a | 0.002 |
丝氨酸Ser | 64.80±1.39c | 71.50±0.77a | 72.57±0.10a | 68.26±1.03b | 0.002 |
甘氨酸Gly | 55.36±1.38b | 63.34±0.51a | 63.97±0.55a | 58.44±1.54b | 0.002 |
谷氨酸Glu | 73.81±0.89c | 79.61±0.76a | 81.06±0.15a | 77.38±0.61b | <0.001 |
其他必需氨基酸 Other essential amino acid | |||||
赖氨酸Lys | 54.53±1.42c | 65.63±0.87a | 67.51±0.32a | 61.78±1.36b | <0.001 |
苏氨酸Thr | 52.60±1.73c | 62.36±0.88a | 63.35±0.24a | 57.44±1.69b | 0.001 |
缬氨酸Val | 57.22±1.42c | 67.77±0.72a | 69.30±0.57a | 63.34±1.38b | <0.001 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 66.73±1.46c | 76.33±0.52a | 77.09±0.46a | 72.34±1.01b | <0.001 |
亮氨酸Leu | 68.28±1.07c | 78.33±1.30ab | 80.05±0.13a | 76.45±0.56b | <0.001 |
精氨酸Arg | 80.32±0.66c | 84.80±0.33a | 85.49±0.14a | 82.69±0.77b | 0.001 |
苯丙氨酸Phe | 69.32±0.92c | 76.12±0.65a | 76.78±0.22a | 72.71±0.88b | <0.001 |
组氨酸His | 83.33±0.41c | 87.03±0.34a | 87.74±0.13a | 85.45±0.38b | <0.001 |
其他非必需氨基酸Other non-essential amino acid | |||||
天冬氨酸Asp | 62.80±1.34c | 70.82±0.64a | 71.66±0.25a | 66.68±1.26b | 0.001 |
酪氨酸Tyr | 69.03±1.23b | 77.96±0.76a | 78.41±0.08a | 74.61±2.01a | 0.002 |
丙氨酸Ala | 59.03±1.35c | 66.32±1.06ab | 68.91±0.28a | 63.32±1.28b | 0.001 |
脯氨酸Pro | 83.87±0.53c | 86.58±0.38ab | 87.56±0.13a | 85.56±0.36b | 0.001 |
项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
低密度脂蛋白LDL (mmol·L-1) | 0.22±0.02b | 0.29±0.04ab | 0.24±0.03b | 0.38±0.03a | 0.039 |
高密度脂蛋白HDL (mmol·L-1) | 1.09±0.06a | 1.38±0.15a | 1.30±0.07a | 1.30±0.10a | 0.282 |
甘油三酯TG (mmol·L-1) | 0.11±0.02a | 0.11±0.00a | 0.19±0.06a | 0.21±0.01a | 0.099 |
胆固醇CHO (mmol·L-1) | 1.32±0.04b | 1.72±0.12ab | 1.58±0.03ab | 1.78±0.09a | 0.003 |
谷草转氨酶AST (U·L-1) | 144.94±10.91a | 152.65±11.95a | 144.1±44.4a | 152.05±21.50a | 0.992 |
乳酸脱氢酶LDH (U·L-1) | 432.47±8.87b | 486.57±31.52b | 453.62±22.83b | 566.57±26.03a | 0.004 |
碱性磷酸酶ALP (U·L-1) | 272.41±8.21a | 292.12±64.21a | 290.82±82.58a | 274.61±64.52a | 0.993 |
谷丙转氨酶ALT (U·L-1) | 70.90±4.67a | 87.47±9.22a | 62.77±20.25a | 77.27±7.64a | 0.549 |
白蛋白ALB (g·L-1) | 35.91±0.69a | 39.03±0.70a | 35.47±1.75a | 37.87±0.92a | 0.154 |
总蛋白TP (g·L-1) | 56.98±1.37b | 60.27±1.04b | 65.61±2.64a | 59.81±0.45b | 0.029 |
葡萄糖GLU (g·L-1) | 6.21±0.30a | 6.37±0.96a | 7.50±2.53a | 5.46±0.19a | 0.772 |
尿素氮Urea nitrogen (mmol·L-1) | 9.62±0.67a | 9.74±0.81a | 9.80±0.42a | 9.63±0.11a | 0.995 |
表6 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿血清生化指标的影响
Table 6 Effect of rumen-protected cysteine on serum biochemical indexes of sika deer in growing period
项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
低密度脂蛋白LDL (mmol·L-1) | 0.22±0.02b | 0.29±0.04ab | 0.24±0.03b | 0.38±0.03a | 0.039 |
高密度脂蛋白HDL (mmol·L-1) | 1.09±0.06a | 1.38±0.15a | 1.30±0.07a | 1.30±0.10a | 0.282 |
甘油三酯TG (mmol·L-1) | 0.11±0.02a | 0.11±0.00a | 0.19±0.06a | 0.21±0.01a | 0.099 |
胆固醇CHO (mmol·L-1) | 1.32±0.04b | 1.72±0.12ab | 1.58±0.03ab | 1.78±0.09a | 0.003 |
谷草转氨酶AST (U·L-1) | 144.94±10.91a | 152.65±11.95a | 144.1±44.4a | 152.05±21.50a | 0.992 |
乳酸脱氢酶LDH (U·L-1) | 432.47±8.87b | 486.57±31.52b | 453.62±22.83b | 566.57±26.03a | 0.004 |
碱性磷酸酶ALP (U·L-1) | 272.41±8.21a | 292.12±64.21a | 290.82±82.58a | 274.61±64.52a | 0.993 |
谷丙转氨酶ALT (U·L-1) | 70.90±4.67a | 87.47±9.22a | 62.77±20.25a | 77.27±7.64a | 0.549 |
白蛋白ALB (g·L-1) | 35.91±0.69a | 39.03±0.70a | 35.47±1.75a | 37.87±0.92a | 0.154 |
总蛋白TP (g·L-1) | 56.98±1.37b | 60.27±1.04b | 65.61±2.64a | 59.81±0.45b | 0.029 |
葡萄糖GLU (g·L-1) | 6.21±0.30a | 6.37±0.96a | 7.50±2.53a | 5.46±0.19a | 0.772 |
尿素氮Urea nitrogen (mmol·L-1) | 9.62±0.67a | 9.74±0.81a | 9.80±0.42a | 9.63±0.11a | 0.995 |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
过氧化氢酶CAT (U·mL-1) | 1.79±0.05b | 2.10±0.05b | 2.92±0.28a | 2.20±0.10b | <0.001 |
丙二醛MDA (nmol·mL-1) | 6.29±0.21a | 4.00±0.28c | 4.39±0.06bc | 4.86±0.21b | <0.001 |
总超氧化物歧化酶 T-SOD (U·mL-1) | 131.00±3.62a | 136.41±0.66a | 136.71±9.32a | 139.71±3.62a | 0.711 |
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px (U·mL-1) | 576.36±21.94a | 507.27±46.96a | 579.39±24.54a | 601.82±20.92a | 0.180 |
表7 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿血清抗氧化功能的影响
Table 7 Effect of rumen-protected cysteine on serum antioxidant function of sika deer in growing period
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
过氧化氢酶CAT (U·mL-1) | 1.79±0.05b | 2.10±0.05b | 2.92±0.28a | 2.20±0.10b | <0.001 |
丙二醛MDA (nmol·mL-1) | 6.29±0.21a | 4.00±0.28c | 4.39±0.06bc | 4.86±0.21b | <0.001 |
总超氧化物歧化酶 T-SOD (U·mL-1) | 131.00±3.62a | 136.41±0.66a | 136.71±9.32a | 139.71±3.62a | 0.711 |
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px (U·mL-1) | 576.36±21.94a | 507.27±46.96a | 579.39±24.54a | 601.82±20.92a | 0.180 |
项目 Items | 组别Groups | P 值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
半胱氨酸相关氨基酸及衍生物Cysteine related amino acids and derivatives | |||||
半胱氨酸Cys | 0.42±0.03a | 0.38±0.04ab | 0.29±0.02b | 0.46±0.01a | 0.014 |
蛋氨酸Met | 0.83±0.04a | 0.90±0.16a | 0.82±0.04a | 0.86±0.04a | 0.908 |
丝氨酸Ser | 1.63±0.07b | 1.56±0.10b | 2.17±0.11a | 1.85±0.13b | 0.002 |
甘氨酸Gly | 10.75±1.16a | 9.90±1.27a | 12.95±1.04a | 11.14±0.67a | 0.296 |
谷氨酸Glu | 2.07±0.17b | 1.90±0.20b | 3.51±0.26a | 2.68±0.48ab | 0.022 |
牛磺酸Tau | 3.50±0.59c | 4.24±0.40bc | 6.34±0.70ab | 7.70±1.26a | 0.021 |
胱硫醚Cysthi | 0.20±0.01a | 0.17±0.01a | 0.14±0.04a | 0.19±0.01a | 0.217 |
其他必需氨基酸Other essential amino acid | |||||
赖氨酸Lys | 1.72±0.22a | 1.91±0.10a | 2.10±0.30a | 2.15±0.10a | 0.449 |
苏氨酸Thr | 1.21±0.14a | 1.10±0.09a | 1.50±0.29a | 1.44±0.11a | 0.374 |
缬氨酸Val | 4.20±0.33a | 4.29±0.36a | 4.34±0.57a | 4.51±0.21a | 0.950 |
苯丙氨酸Phe | 0.96±0.06a | 0.83±0.06a | 1.20±0.18a | 1.01±0.08a | 0.190 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 1.48±0.17a | 1.36±0.17a | 1.49±0.18a | 1.45±0.02a | 0.906 |
亮氨酸Leu | 2.52±0.25a | 2.44±0.19a | 3.01±0.62a | 2.75±0.03a | 0.662 |
精氨酸Arg | 2.21±0.19b | 2.08±0.15b | 2.81±0.06a | 2.41±0.09b | 0.005 |
组氨酸His | 1.39±0.09a | 1.34±0.10a | 1.50±0.21a | 1.54±0.04a | 0.672 |
其他非必需氨基酸Other non-essential amino acid | |||||
天冬氨酸Asp | 0.30±0.02b | 0.30±0.06b | 0.58±0.02a | 0.36±0.06b | 0.007 |
酪氨酸Tyr | 0.95±0.07a | 0.74±0.07a | 1.14±0.21a | 1.02±0.05a | 0.191 |
丙氨酸Ala | 6.63±0.57a | 6.56±0.42a | 8.03±2.08a | 7.35±0.77a | 0.789 |
脯氨酸Pro | 2.16±0.20a | 2.14±0.07a | 2.37±0.40a | 2.13±0.12a | 0.869 |
其他氨基酸衍生物Other amino acid derivatives | |||||
α-氨基乙二酸 α-AAA | 0.06±0.01a | 0.07±0.01a | 0.05±0.03a | 0.07±0.01a | 0.718 |
α-氨基正丁酸 α-ABA | 0.24±0.03a | 0.24±0.05a | 0.23±0.05a | 0.28±0.02a | 0.814 |
β-丙氨酸 β-Ala | 0.11±0.01a | 0.10±0.01a | 0.11±0.01a | 0.12±0.01a | 0.384 |
γ-氨基正丁酸 γ-ABA | 0.15±0.02a | 0.13±0.02a | 0.18±0.04a | 0.14±0.02a | 0.568 |
乙醇胺EOHNH2 | 0.94±0.10a | 0.86±0.02a | 0.85±0.16a | 0.98±0.09a | 0.768 |
鸟氨酸Orn | 1.88±0.09a | 2.61±0.39a | 1.64±0.07a | 2.90±0.64a | 0.138 |
1-甲基组氨酸1-Mehis | 0.44±0.02a | 0.28±0.02bc | 0.35±0.03c | 0.40±0.03ab | 0.002 |
3-甲基组氨酸3-Mehis | 0.83±0.05a | 0.98±0.10a | 1.03±0.15a | 0.97±0.11a | 0.637 |
肌肽Car | 0.38±0.03ab | 0.33±0.01b | 0.34±0.03b | 0.42±0.02a | 0.078 |
磷酸丝氨酸P-Ser | 0.42±0.02b | 0.37±0.01b | 0.53±0.04a | 0.43±0.01b | 0.001 |
羟脯氨酸HyPro | 1.05±0.15a | 0.95±0.07a | 0.96±0.07a | 0.96±0.16a | 0.916 |
表8 饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿血清游离氨基酸及其衍生物含量的影响
Table 8 Effect of rumen cysteine on serum free amino acids and its derivatives of sika deer in growing period (nmol·mL-1)
项目 Items | 组别Groups | P 值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | ||
半胱氨酸相关氨基酸及衍生物Cysteine related amino acids and derivatives | |||||
半胱氨酸Cys | 0.42±0.03a | 0.38±0.04ab | 0.29±0.02b | 0.46±0.01a | 0.014 |
蛋氨酸Met | 0.83±0.04a | 0.90±0.16a | 0.82±0.04a | 0.86±0.04a | 0.908 |
丝氨酸Ser | 1.63±0.07b | 1.56±0.10b | 2.17±0.11a | 1.85±0.13b | 0.002 |
甘氨酸Gly | 10.75±1.16a | 9.90±1.27a | 12.95±1.04a | 11.14±0.67a | 0.296 |
谷氨酸Glu | 2.07±0.17b | 1.90±0.20b | 3.51±0.26a | 2.68±0.48ab | 0.022 |
牛磺酸Tau | 3.50±0.59c | 4.24±0.40bc | 6.34±0.70ab | 7.70±1.26a | 0.021 |
胱硫醚Cysthi | 0.20±0.01a | 0.17±0.01a | 0.14±0.04a | 0.19±0.01a | 0.217 |
其他必需氨基酸Other essential amino acid | |||||
赖氨酸Lys | 1.72±0.22a | 1.91±0.10a | 2.10±0.30a | 2.15±0.10a | 0.449 |
苏氨酸Thr | 1.21±0.14a | 1.10±0.09a | 1.50±0.29a | 1.44±0.11a | 0.374 |
缬氨酸Val | 4.20±0.33a | 4.29±0.36a | 4.34±0.57a | 4.51±0.21a | 0.950 |
苯丙氨酸Phe | 0.96±0.06a | 0.83±0.06a | 1.20±0.18a | 1.01±0.08a | 0.190 |
异亮氨酸Ile | 1.48±0.17a | 1.36±0.17a | 1.49±0.18a | 1.45±0.02a | 0.906 |
亮氨酸Leu | 2.52±0.25a | 2.44±0.19a | 3.01±0.62a | 2.75±0.03a | 0.662 |
精氨酸Arg | 2.21±0.19b | 2.08±0.15b | 2.81±0.06a | 2.41±0.09b | 0.005 |
组氨酸His | 1.39±0.09a | 1.34±0.10a | 1.50±0.21a | 1.54±0.04a | 0.672 |
其他非必需氨基酸Other non-essential amino acid | |||||
天冬氨酸Asp | 0.30±0.02b | 0.30±0.06b | 0.58±0.02a | 0.36±0.06b | 0.007 |
酪氨酸Tyr | 0.95±0.07a | 0.74±0.07a | 1.14±0.21a | 1.02±0.05a | 0.191 |
丙氨酸Ala | 6.63±0.57a | 6.56±0.42a | 8.03±2.08a | 7.35±0.77a | 0.789 |
脯氨酸Pro | 2.16±0.20a | 2.14±0.07a | 2.37±0.40a | 2.13±0.12a | 0.869 |
其他氨基酸衍生物Other amino acid derivatives | |||||
α-氨基乙二酸 α-AAA | 0.06±0.01a | 0.07±0.01a | 0.05±0.03a | 0.07±0.01a | 0.718 |
α-氨基正丁酸 α-ABA | 0.24±0.03a | 0.24±0.05a | 0.23±0.05a | 0.28±0.02a | 0.814 |
β-丙氨酸 β-Ala | 0.11±0.01a | 0.10±0.01a | 0.11±0.01a | 0.12±0.01a | 0.384 |
γ-氨基正丁酸 γ-ABA | 0.15±0.02a | 0.13±0.02a | 0.18±0.04a | 0.14±0.02a | 0.568 |
乙醇胺EOHNH2 | 0.94±0.10a | 0.86±0.02a | 0.85±0.16a | 0.98±0.09a | 0.768 |
鸟氨酸Orn | 1.88±0.09a | 2.61±0.39a | 1.64±0.07a | 2.90±0.64a | 0.138 |
1-甲基组氨酸1-Mehis | 0.44±0.02a | 0.28±0.02bc | 0.35±0.03c | 0.40±0.03ab | 0.002 |
3-甲基组氨酸3-Mehis | 0.83±0.05a | 0.98±0.10a | 1.03±0.15a | 0.97±0.11a | 0.637 |
肌肽Car | 0.38±0.03ab | 0.33±0.01b | 0.34±0.03b | 0.42±0.02a | 0.078 |
磷酸丝氨酸P-Ser | 0.42±0.02b | 0.37±0.01b | 0.53±0.04a | 0.43±0.01b | 0.001 |
羟脯氨酸HyPro | 1.05±0.15a | 0.95±0.07a | 0.96±0.07a | 0.96±0.16a | 0.916 |
1 | Huang J. Effects of low protein diet supplemented lysine and methionine on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indices of sika deer fawns. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2015. |
黄健. 低蛋白质日粮添加蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对梅花鹿幼鹿生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2015. | |
2 | Li R D. Effects of threonine levels in a low protein diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical of infant sika deer. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2018. |
李仁德. 低蛋白饲粮苏氨酸水平对梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能、营养物质消化利用和血清生化指标的影响. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2018. | |
3 | Fan Y J. Effects of arginine levels on growth performance, rumen fermentation and flora structure of sika deer during weaning period. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021. |
范玉洁. 精氨酸水平对离乳期梅花鹿生长性能、瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的影响. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2021. | |
4 | Di Buono M, Wykes L J, Cole D E, et al. Regulation of sulfur amino acid metabolism in men in response to changes in sulfur amino acid intakes. The Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 133(3): 733-739. |
5 | Jiao N. Injury of bisphenol A on small intestine and effects of glutathione synthesis in small intestinal health. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2018. |
焦宁. 双酚A对小肠的损伤及谷胱甘肽合成在小肠健康中的作用. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2018. | |
6 | Wang L H. Effects of cysteine that feeding the fodder containing different concentrations on the daily gains and the slaughtering performance and meat quality of Tan×Han crossbreed sheep. Xianyang: Northwest A&F University, 2015. |
王丽慧. 日粮不同水平半胱氨酸对滩寒杂交羊日增重、屠宰率与肉品质的影响. 咸阳: 西北农林科技大学, 2015. | |
7 | Chen L X, Zhang G J. Effects of rumen-protected cysteine on growth performance, carcass traits and nutrient composition of Tan sheep lambs. Ningxia Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, 2017, 58(3): 60-62. |
陈来祥, 张桂杰. 瘤胃保护型半胱氨酸对滩羊羔羊生产性能、屠宰性能及肌肉营养成分的影响. 宁夏农林科技, 2017, 58(3): 60-62. | |
8 | Cao B H, Chang X Y, Zhang E P, et al. Effect of dietary cysteine supplement levels on growth performance, nitrogen metabolism and serum biochemical indicators of 2-4 month-old rex rabbits. Acta Ecologae Animalis Domastici, 2012,33(4): 33-37. |
曹宝红, 常馨月, 张恩平, 等. 日粮中添加半胱氨酸对2~4月龄獭兔生长性能、氮代谢和血清生化指标的影响. 家畜生态学报, 2012, 33(4): 33-37. | |
9 | Lee S, Han K H, Nakamura Y, et al. Dietary L-cysteine improves the antioxidative potential and lipid metabolism in rats fed a normal diet. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 2013, 77(7): 1430-1434. |
10 | Zhou X X. Effects of cysteine and glutamine on intestinal flora and antioxidant indexes in rats. Daqing: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 2015. |
周晓旭. 半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺对大鼠肠道菌群及抗氧化指标的影响. 大庆: 黑龙江八一农垦大学, 2015. | |
11 | Chang X Y, Zhang E P, Chen Y L, et al. Effects of dietary cysteine level on growth performance, nitrogen metabolism, fur quality and KAP6.1 gene mRNA temporal expression of rex rabbit. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science, 2013, 33(5): 764-769. |
常馨月, 张恩平, 陈玉林, 等. 饲粮半胱氨酸水平对獭兔生产性能、氮代谢、毛皮品质及KAP6.1基因时序表达的影响. 中国兽医学报, 2013, 33(5): 764-769. | |
12 | Yin J, Ren W, Yang G, et al. L-cysteine metabolism and its nutritional implications. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2016, 60(1): 134-146. |
13 | Yang Q L, Zhang T T, Wang J, et al. Effects of dietary cysteine level on growth performance, nutrients apparent digestibility, serum biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity of sika deer during weaning period. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022, 34(5): 3251-3260. |
杨乾龙, 张铁涛, 王静, 等. 饲粮半胱氨酸水平对离乳期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响. 动物营养学报, 2022, 34(5): 3251-3260. | |
14 | Yang Q L, Wu Y, Zhang T T, et al. Effects of dietary cysteine level on growth performance, amino acid apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during overwintering period. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutritionm, 2022, 34(8): 5342-5353. |
杨乾龙, 吴炎, 张铁涛, 等. 饲粮半胱氨酸水平对越冬期梅花鹿生长性能、氨基酸表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响. 动物营养学报, 2022, 34(8): 5342-5353. | |
15 | He J F, Liu Y Z, Li H J, et al. The effects of liposome-cysteamine on body weight gain and the somatostatin/growth hormone content of blood in sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck). Heilongjiang Science, 2010, 1(1): 27-29. |
赫俊峰, 刘应竹, 李海军, 等. 半胱胺脂质体对梅花鹿增重及血液生长抑素、生长激素含量的影响. 黑龙江科学, 2010, 1(1): 27-29. | |
16 | Wei D, Zhu S B, Guo Y, et al. Effects of cysteamine on production performance of the growing sika deer. Territory & Natural Resources Study, 2017(5): 92-94. |
魏丹, 朱世兵, 郭媛, 等. 半胱胺对育成期梅花鹿生长性能的影响. 国土与自然资源研究, 2017(5): 92-94. | |
17 | He J F, Wei D, Liu Y Z. Effects of cysteamine on production performance of lactating sika deer. Territory & Natural Resources Study, 2012(5): 93-94. |
赫俊峰, 魏丹, 刘应竹. 半胱胺对泌乳期梅花鹿生产性能影响研究. 国土与自然资源研究, 2012(5): 93-94. | |
18 | Chang X Y, Xie H B, Wei G C. Effect of cysteamine on rumen protozoa, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indices of small tail Han sheep. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science, 2010, 30(9): 1257-1260, 1272. |
常新耀, 谢红兵, 魏刚才. 半胱胺对小尾寒羊瘤胃原虫和养分消化率及血清生化指标的影响. 中国兽医学报, 2010, 30(9): 1257-1260, 1272. | |
19 | Yue X F, Wang J Q, Wang Y, et al. Influence of feeding cysteamine on morphology and digestive enzymatic activities of small intestine in sheep. Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2016, 39(1): 13-18. |
岳晓帆, 王金泉, 王勇, 等. 饲喂半胱胺对绵羊小肠黏膜形态及消化酶活性的影响. 新疆农业大学学报, 2016, 39(1): 13-18. | |
20 | Zeng D S, Gao Z H, Huang X L, et al. Effect of taurine on lipid metabolism of broilers. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2012, 40(2): 86-89. |
21 | Yuan J M, Wang Z H. Effect of taurine on intestinal morphology and utilisation of soy oil in chickens. British Poultry Science, 2010, 51(4): 540-545. |
22 | Shoveller A K, Stoll B, Ball R O, et al. Nutritional and functional importance of intestinal sulfur amino acid metabolism. Journal of Nutrition, 2005, 135(7): 1609-1612. |
23 | Liu S Q, Hu R Z, Li Y L, et al. Taurine: Potential mechanisms in maintaining intestinal health and application in livestock and poultry production. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(11): 5003-5011. |
刘事奇, 胡睿智, 李岩利, 等. 牛磺酸维护肠道健康的潜在作用机理及其在畜禽生产中的应用. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(11): 5003-5011. | |
24 | Ni H, Long L, Bin P, et al. Maternal cysteine intake influenced oxidative status and lipid-related gut microbiota and plasma metabolomics in male suckling piglets. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2021, 276: 114947. |
25 | Li L, Zhang P H, Ling H, et al. Effects of rumen protected methionine on milk performance and serum biochemical indexes of milk goat. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(8): 3898-3904. |
李莉, 张佩华, 凌浩, 等. 过瘤胃蛋氨酸对奶山羊产奶性能和血清生化指标的影响. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(8): 3898-3904. | |
26 | Han F F, Zhong W, Zhang X Y, et al. Effects of dietary metabolic energy and crude protein levels on production performance, nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical parameters and organ index of male mink during winter fur-growing period. Acta Veterinary et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(12): 3087-3100. |
韩菲菲, 钟伟, 张新宇, 等. 饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对冬毛生长期雄性水貂生产性能、营养物质消化率、血清生化指标和脏器指数的影响. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(12): 3087-3100. | |
27 | Hu Y J. Effects of dietary sulfur amino acids on the growth performance and amino acid metabolism in ricefield eel (Monopterus albus). Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2018. |
胡亚军. 含硫氨基酸对黄鳝生长及氨基酸代谢的影响. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2018. | |
28 | Banks W J J, Epling G P, Kainer R A, et al. Antler growth and osteoporosis. I. Morphological and morphometric changes in the costal compacta during the antler growth cycle. The Anatomical Record, 1968, 162(4): 387-398. |
29 | Sun W L. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism of sika deer and effective ingredients of velvet antler. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2019. |
孙伟丽. 梅花鹿钙磷代谢规律及鹿茸功效的物质基础研究. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2019. | |
30 | Zhang Y W, Luo H L, Chang Y F, et al. Effects of liquorice extract on the activity and gene expression level of antioxidant enzymes in Longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan lamb. Small Ruminant Research, 2017, 154(2017): 23-28. |
31 | Deng H, Zou C Y, Wang L S, et al. Effects of the extruded rapeseed meal fermented in advance on growth performance, serum biochemical and antioxidant indexes of broilers. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2022, 58(7): 204-208. |
邓卉, 邹成义, 汪林书, 等. 膨化发酵菜籽粕对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化及抗氧化指标的影响. 中国畜牧杂志, 2022, 58(7): 204-208. | |
32 | Clémence B, François M, Dalila A, et al. Dietary cysteine alleviates sucrose-induced oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2007, 42(7): 1089-1097. |
33 | Hu L, Zhang X C, Liu M, et al. Detoxification effects of two S-amino acids to broiler chicken. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2001(5): 360-362. |
胡兰, 张喜春, 刘梅, 等. 含S氨基酸对肉仔鸡解毒作用的研究. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2001(5): 360-362. | |
34 | Wu G. Amino acids: Metabolism, functions, and nutrition. Amino Acids, 2009, 37(1): 1-17. |
35 | Wu G, Fang Y, Yang S, et al. Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health. The Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 134(3): 489-492. |
36 | Vidal K, Breuille D, Serrant P, et al. Long-term cysteine fortification impacts cysteine/glutathione homeostasis and food intake in ageing rats. European Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 53(3): 963-971. |
37 | Huo X, Wang A L, Yang J M. Antioxidative effect of sulfur-containing amino acids. Bulletin of Biology, 2006(4): 3-4. |
霍湘, 王安利, 杨建梅. 含硫氨基酸的抗氧化作用. 生物学通报, 2006(4): 3-4. | |
38 | King N, Lin H, Suleiman M S. Cysteine protects freshly isolated cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress by stimulating glutathione peroxidase. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2010, 343(1): 125-132. |
39 | Xu L J, Liu H X, Li Z S, et al. Effects of cysteine on the antioxidant capacity of oxidative damaged mouse embryos. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2017(17): 33-36. |
徐礼杰, 柳海星, 李钟淑, 等. 半胱氨酸对氧化损伤小鼠胚胎抗氧化能力的影响. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2017(17): 33-36. | |
40 | Zhou L, Wang Q Z, Wang Z Y. Protective role of sulphur-containing amino acids on sinoatrial node dysfunction in type 1 diabetes rat model. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy, 2017, 35(6): 661-664. |
周立, 王庆志, 王志勇. 含硫氨基酸对糖尿病大鼠窦房结损伤的保护作用. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2017, 35(6): 661-664. | |
41 | Feng Q Q. Dietary level of glycine and cystine and their combinative effects on stimulation of growth of broiler chickens fed low protein diet. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021. |
冯倩倩. 低蛋白饲粮中甘氨酸和胱氨酸水平及其组合效应促进肉仔鸡生长的机理. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2021. | |
42 | Rakhshandeh A, Lange C F M, Htoo J K, et al. Immune system stimulation increases the irreversible loss of cysteine to taurine, but not sulfate, in starter pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 2020, 98(1): 1-8. |
43 | Stipanuk M H, Londono M, Lee J, et al. Enzymes and metabolites of cysteine metabolism in nonhepatic tissues of rats show little response to changes in dietary protein or sulfur amino acid levels. The Journal of Nutrition, 2002, 132(11): 3369-3378. |
44 | Wang X H, Liu P Y, Xu H Y, et al. Advances in taurine absorption, metabolism and its application in animal production. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2022, 58(5): 16-19. |
王新慧, 刘沛尧, 许宏扬, 等. 牛磺酸的吸收与代谢方式及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展. 中国畜牧杂志, 2022, 58(5): 16-19. | |
45 | Yang W R, Sun H, Wang Q Y, et al. Effects of rumen-protected methionine on dairy performance and amino acid metabolism in lactating cows. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2010, 5(1): 1-7. |
46 | Waterman R C, Ujazdowski V L, Petersen M K. Effects of rumen-protected methionine on plasma amino acid concentrations during a period of weight loss for late gestating beef heifers. Amino Acids, 2012, 43(5): 2165-2177. |
47 | Bai M, Wang L, Liu H, et al. Imbalanced dietary methionine-to-sulfur amino acid ratio can affect amino acid profiles, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of piglets. Animal Nutrition, 2020, 6(4): 447-456. |
[1] | 王循刚, 张晓玲, 徐田伟, 耿远月, 胡林勇, 赵娜, 刘宏金, 康生萍, 徐世晓. 饲粮蛋白质水平对藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌菌群结构及功能的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(2): 182-191. |
[2] | 范阳, 齐伟彪, 朱崇淼, 殷雨洋, 毛胜勇. 日粮中添加发酵豆渣对湖羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(11): 86-93. |
[3] | 范玉洁, 司华哲, 王晓旭, 杨乾龙, 张新宇, 钟伟, 王凯英. 精氨酸水平对梅花鹿仔鹿瘤胃发酵参数和菌群结构的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(10): 154-166. |
[4] | 霍俊宏, 詹康, 黄秋生, 钟小军, 占今舜, 严学兵. 不同精粗比日粮对山羊生产性能、血清生化指标和瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(6): 151-161. |
[5] | 蓝婧婷, 任瑞, 周瑞, 戴洪伟, 舒文秀, 朱凯, 王略宇, 徐红伟, 臧荣鑫. 花椰菜尾菜发酵饲料对保育猪生长性能、血清生化指标、小肠组织形态及经济效益的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(6): 180-189. |
[6] | 李晨, Ahmad Anum Ali, 张剑搏, 梁泽毅, 丁学智, 阎萍. 冷季牦牛和黄牛采食行为、血清生化指标与瘤胃发酵参数的比较研究[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(6): 162-169. |
[7] | 索效军, 张年, 杨前平, 陶虎, 熊琪, 李晓锋, 张凤, 陈明新. 日粮添加花生秧和苜蓿草粉对波麻杂交羊增重性能、内脏器官发育及血液指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(5): 146-154. |
[8] | 张生伟, 王小平, 张展海, 马友记, 滚双宝, 杨巧丽, 高小莉, 张保军. 青贮杂交构树对杜湖杂交肉羊生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(3): 89-99. |
[9] | 张磊, 韩雪林, 张娟, 李苏涛, 史文娇, 阳伏林. 岩藻多糖对肉兔生长性能、血清生化指标及养分表观消化率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(10): 159-168. |
[10] | 钱志豪, 韩丙芳, 刘自婷, 蔡伟, 伏兵哲, 马红彬. 渗灌对宁夏引黄灌区苜蓿生长性状及水分利用率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(3): 147-156. |
[11] | 刘永嘉, 王聪, 刘强, 郭刚, 霍文婕, 张静, 裴彩霞, 张延利. 日粮补充异丁酸对犊牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵和纤维分解菌菌群的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(7): 151-158. |
[12] | 康婧鹏, 王文基, 郭亚敏, 景小平, 仲崇亮, 郭伟, 龙瑞军, 周建伟. 不同能量水平低氮饲粮对藏羊表观消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(9): 166-174. |
[13] | 孙雪丽, 李秋凤, 刘英财, 曹玉凤, 王增林, 李艺, 赵洋洋, 葛瀚聪, 刘桃桃, 赵立新. 全株青贮玉米对西门塔尔杂交牛生产性能、表观消化率及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(9): 201-209. |
[14] | 任春燕, 毕研亮, 杜汉昌, 于博, 屠焰, 郭艳丽, 刁其玉. 开食料中不同NDF水平对犊牛生长性能、瘤胃内环境及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(5): 210-218. |
[15] | 李欢欢, 史莹华, 张晓霞, 刘晓, 贾泽统, 王成章. 不同亚麻酸水平及饲料组成对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(3): 98-107. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||