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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 54-67.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025102

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A meta-analysis on the effect of fertilizer type on alfalfa seed yield under various climate and soil conditions

Yang-kun LI1,2(), Zhuan-lin BEN1,2, Jun-yu ZHANG1,2, Hui-min YANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
  • Received:2025-03-25 Revised:2025-05-22 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2025-12-24
  • Contact: Hui-min YANG

Abstract:

Supply of high-quality forage in sufficient quantity is a fundamental requirement for the development of efficient and sustainable animal production systems. To attain this goal, continuous expansion of the planting area of high-quality forages such as alfalfa is required. There is thus an urgent need to expand alfalfa seed production to meet the demand for alfalfa planting, but there remains a lack of information about effects of fertilization on alfalfa seed yield under different climatic and soil conditions. This study comprised a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of different fertilizer applications on alfalfa seed yield in China and explored the interactions between the fertilizer effect and climate and soil conditions. The results showed: 1) Fertilization could significantly increase alfalfa seed yield, with the greatest yield increase observed with the application of micronutrient fertilizers alone, while the application of potassium fertilizer alone and the combined application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers led to yield reduction. 2) With increase in annual precipitation, the yield-enhancement effect of single fertilizer applications weakened, while the yield-enhancement effect of multi-fertilizer applications was strengthened. Higher annual temperatures resulted in weakening of the yield-enhancement effect, except in the case of micronutrient fertilizers alone. 3) The effect of soil factors on the fertilization effect varied significantly among different fertilization categories. Higher soil organic matter and total nitrogen content enhanced the yield-enhancement effect of most fertilization categories, while slightly weakening the yield-enhancement effect of micronutrient fertilizer application alone. Higher soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus content reduced the yield-enhancement effect of nitrogen and potassium application alone but increased the yield-enhancement effect of phosphorus application alone, with inconsistent effects on the yield-enhancement effects of multi-fertilizer applications. Higher soil available potassium content increased the yield-enhancement effect of all fertilization categories. In summary, this study provides guidance for optimizing fertilization management measures for alfalfa for seed production in different climatic regions and for different soils in China.

Key words: Medicago sativa, seed yield, type of fertilization, fertilizer effect, meta-analysis