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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 172-180.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021416

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

茎秆基部节间特性和木质素合成与燕麦抗倒伏的关系

南铭1(), 李晶2, 赵桂琴3(), 柴继宽3, 刘彦明2   

  1. 1.甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.甘肃省定西市农业科学研究院,甘肃 定西 743000
    3.甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-15 修回日期:2022-02-20 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-10-01
  • 通讯作者: 赵桂琴
  • 作者简介:E-mail: zhaogq@gsau.edu.cn
    南铭(1983-),男,甘肃通渭人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: cedar_nanming@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系(CARS-07-C);甘肃省中部地区主要农作物种质资源库(18JR2TJ001)

Relationship between lodging resistance of oats and the basal internode stem characteristics and lignin synthesis

Ming NAN1(), Jing LI2, Gui-qin ZHAO3(), Ji-kuan CHAI3, Yan-ming LIU2   

  1. 1.Institute of Crop Research,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Dingxi 743000,China
    3.College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2021-11-15 Revised:2022-02-20 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-10-01
  • Contact: Gui-qin ZHAO

摘要:

倒伏是影响燕麦产量和品质的重要因子之一,开展燕麦抗倒伏生理机制研究对指导燕麦抗倒伏育种具有重要意义。本研究以燕麦品种蒙燕1号、坝燕6号为抗倒伏材料,以定燕2号和青引2号为易倒伏材料,分析不同倒伏类型燕麦品种茎秆基部伸长节间形态特征,酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维,纤维素和木质素及其合成关键酶活性的差异,探讨茎秆基部第2伸长节间形态特征与木质素含量及其合成酶活性同燕麦抗倒伏能力之间的相互关系。结果表明,相比于易倒伏品种,抗倒伏品种倒伏程度轻,田间实际倒伏率低。易倒伏品种茎秆基部第2伸长节间长度较抗倒伏品种高34.17%、抗倒伏品种茎秆基部第2伸长节间粗度、秆壁厚、茎重、密度、充实度、抗折力、穿刺强度分别较易倒伏品种高29.11%、26.18%、25.80%、27.97%、34.61%、36.23%、36.60%,抗倒伏品种茎秆中木质素和纤维素含量显著(P<0.05)高于易倒伏品种。木质素含量与茎秆基部第2伸长节间抗折力和穿刺强度极显著(P<0.01)正相关,相关系数(r=0.9862,r=0.9638),与田间实际倒伏率显著(P<0.05)负相关,相关系数(r=-0.9407)。抗倒伏品种茎秆木质素合成酶酪氨酸解氨酶(TAL)、苯丙氨酸转氨酶(PAL)、肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)和4-香豆酸:CoA连接酶(4CL)活性高,促使茎秆基部第2伸长节间积累了大量的木质素,提高了细胞壁木质化强度,增大了茎秆机械强度,进而增强燕麦抗倒伏能力。

关键词: 燕麦, 抗倒伏, 木质素, 酶活性, 茎秆抗折力

Abstract:

Lodging is one of the important factors affecting yield and quality in oat crops. This research studied the physiological mechanisms of lodging resistance in oats, with a view to guiding future breeding. Mengyan 1 and Bayan 6 oat were included in this study as lodging-resistant varieties, while Dingyan 2 and Qingyin 2 were included as lodging-susceptible varieties. Data were collected on the morphological characteristics of basal elongation and differences in the contents of acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose and lignin and activities of key enzymes, for these oat cultivars with different lodging susceptibilities, so as to investigate the relationship between the lodging resistance of oats and the morphological characteristics and lignin content and synthase activity in the second-phase elongation at the base of stem. It was found that the amount of lodging among resistant cultivars was lighter and the lodging rate was lower than that of cultivars. The lengths of the second internode at the stem base of lodging easy cultivars were 34.17% higher than those of lodging resistant cultivars. The internode diameter, stem wall thickness, stem weight, density, diameter, force and stem puncture force values of lodging resistant cultivars at the second internode of the stem base were, respectively, 29.11%, 26.18%, 25.80%, 27.97%, 34.61%, 36.23% and 36.60% higher than those of lodging-susceptible cultivars. The stem lignin and cellulose contents of cultivars resistant to lodging were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of cultivars susceptible to lodging. Lignin content was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated with the internode breaking force and puncture strength of the second internode at the stem base (r=0.9862 and r=0.9638, respectively), and significantly negatively correlated with the observed lodging rate (P<0.05, r=-0.9407). Lignin synthetase tyrosine ammonialyase, phenylalanine aminotransferase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and 4-coumaric acid of CoA ligase in stems of lodging-resistant cultivars showed higher activities, resulting in accumulation of lignin at the internodes of the second elongation at the base of stem, which increased the lignification of cell walls and the mechanical strength of stems, and thus enhanced lodging resistance of the oats.

Key words: oats, lodging resistance, lignin, enzyme activity, stem bending resistance