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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 186-197.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023157

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

湖羊及其不同杂交组合生长性能、产肉性能及肌肉品质比较分析

张瑞1,2,3(), 安雪姣1,2,3, 李建烨1,2,3, 卢曾奎1,2,3, 牛春娥1,2,3, 徐振飞4, 张金霞4, 耿智广4, 岳耀敬1,2,3(), 杨博辉1,2,3()   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃 兰州 730050
    2.中国农业科学院羊育种工程技术研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730050
    3.农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730050
    4.庆阳市农业科学研究院,甘肃 庆阳 745000
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-09 修回日期:2023-07-17 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2023-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 岳耀敬,杨博辉
  • 作者简介:E-mail: yangbohui@caas.cn
    E-mail: yueyaojing@caas.cn
    张瑞(1990-),女,甘肃白银人,博士。E-mail: zhangrui03@caas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ZDRW202106);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610322023014);甘肃省科技厅重大专项(22ZD6NA037)

Comparative analysis of growth performance, meat productivity, and meat quality in Hu sheep and its hybrids

Rui ZHANG1,2,3(), Xue-jiao AN1,2,3, Jian-ye LI1,2,3, Zeng-kui LU1,2,3, Chun-e NIU1,2,3, Zhen-fei XU4, Jin-xia ZHANG4, Zhi-guang GENG4, Yao-jing YUE1,2,3(), Bo-hui YANG1,2,3()   

  1. 1.Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730050,China
    2.Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730050,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou 730050,China
    4.Qingyang Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Qingyang 745000,China
  • Received:2023-05-09 Revised:2023-07-17 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2023-12-27
  • Contact: Yao-jing YUE,Bo-hui YANG

摘要:

旨在比较湖羊及其与南丘羊和无角陶塞特羊杂交F1代生长性能、产肉性能及肌肉品质的差异。在相同营养水平和饲养管理条件下单栏饲养3月龄左右的湖羊(♂湖羊×♀湖羊,HH)、陶湖F1代羊(♂陶赛特羊×♀湖羊,TH)和南湖F1代羊(♂南丘羊×♀湖羊,NH)公羔各16只。饲喂试验共95 d,包括15 d预试期。正试期开始后每天记录每只羊的采食量,每20 d测定一次体重及体尺指标。饲喂试验结束后,每个群体选择接近组内平均体重的7只试验羊屠宰,测定屠宰性能、胴体性状和肌肉品质,并计算育肥效益。结果表明:1)整个试验期间,陶湖F1代和南湖F1代羊的体重显著高于湖羊(P<0.05);试验结束时,与湖羊相比,陶湖F1代羊的日增重显著升高,而饲料转化率显著降低,陶湖F1代和南湖F1代羊的体高显著降低,而胸围和管围均显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与湖羊相比,陶湖F1代和南湖F1代羊的宰前活重、胴体重和净肉重显著升高,南湖F1代羊的屠宰率显著升高,胴体脂肪含量值(GR值)显著降低,而陶湖F1代羊的眼肌面积显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与湖羊相比,南湖F1代羊肌肉失水率显著降低;南湖F1代羊肌肉熟肉率显著高于湖羊和陶湖F1代羊(P<0.05);南湖F1代和陶湖F1代羊肌肉蛋白质含量显著高于湖羊(P<0.05)。4)陶湖F1代和南湖F1代羊育肥效益(320.72和318.05元)分别比湖羊(249.33元)高出71.39和68.72元。综上所述,杂交促进了后代的生长速度,降低了饲料转化率,改善了肌肉品质,增加了肌肉适口性和营养价值,进而提高了育肥效益,增加了当地肉羊养殖的竞争力。

关键词: 湖羊, 南湖F1代, 陶湖F1代, 生长性能, 产肉性能, 肌肉品质

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the growth performance, meat productivity, and meat quality of Hu sheep and their hybrids with Southdown and Poll Dorset. Sixteen male lambs, about 3 months old, of Hu×Hu (HH), Southdown×Hu (NH) and Poll Dorset×Hu (TH) F1 generation sheep were selected and raised in individual pens under the same nutritional levels and management conditions. The feeding experiment lasted for 95 days (including a 15-day pre-test period). Feed intake was determined daily from the beginning of the experiment, and body weight and body size were measured every 20 days. Seven sheep close to the average weight of the group were slaughtered at the end of the feeding experiment to measure slaughter performance, carcass traits, and meat quality to further evaluate breeding benefits. The results showed that: 1) The body weights of the TH and NH F1 generation sheep were significantly higher than that of the HH sheep during the whole experimental period (P<0.05). Compared with the HH sheep, the TH F1 generation sheep showed a significantly higher average daily gain weight, with a lower feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). Compared with the HH sheep, the TH and NH F1 sheep showed a significantly lower body height and significantly higher heart girth and cannon circumference at the end of the experiment (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the HH sheep, the TH and NH F1 generation sheep showed significantly higher live weight, carcass weight, and net meat weight; the NH F1 generation sheep showed a significantly higher dressing percentage and significantly lower GR value; and the TH F1 generation sheep showed a significantly higher loin eye area (P<0.05). 3) The meat pressing loss was significantly lower for the NH F1 generation sheep than for the HH sheep, while the cooking percentage was significantly higher for NH F1 generation sheep than for HH and TH F1 generation sheep (P<0.05). The protein contents in meat were significantly higher in the NH and TH F1 generation sheep than in the HH sheep (P<0.05). 4) The value of the TH and NH F1 generation sheep (¥320.72 and ¥318.05, respectively) was higher than that of HH sheep (¥249.33), indicating a breeding benefit of ¥71.39 and ¥68.72 for the TH and NH hybrid sheep, respectively. In conclusion, compared with HH sheep, the hybrid sheep showed stronger growth (hybrid vigor), a lower feed conversion ratio, improved meat quality, and increased meat palatability and nutritional value. Thus, hybrid breeding benefits the competitiveness of the local sheep industry.

Key words: Hu sheep, Southdown×Hu F1 generation, Poll Dorset×Hu F1 generation, growth performance, meat productivity, meat quality