草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 185-194.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025141
收稿日期:2025-04-18
修回日期:2025-05-16
出版日期:2026-03-20
发布日期:2026-01-19
通讯作者:
郑琛
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: zhengc@gsau.edu.cn基金资助:
Dong-xu YAO1(
), Cai-zhong WANG2, Chen ZHENG1(
)
Received:2025-04-18
Revised:2025-05-16
Online:2026-03-20
Published:2026-01-19
Contact:
Chen ZHENG
摘要:
旨在探究猫尾草在伊拉肉兔颗粒饲料中的适宜配比及其对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、器官指数、消化道发育和肉品质的影响。试验采用单因素设计,选用35日龄伊拉肉兔180只,分为对照组和试验Ⅰ至Ⅴ组,分别饲喂含0%、10%、20%、30%、40%和50%猫尾草的颗粒型配合饲料,预试期6 d,正试期54 d。结果显示,饲喂含有10%猫尾草的颗粒料时肉兔90日龄体重和41~90日龄平均日增重分别为2.86 kg和20.99 g·d-1,显著高于除对照组外的其他组(P<0.05);肝脏重为112.69 g,肝脏指数为3.55%,显著促进了肝脏发育(P<0.05)。在肉品质方面,饲喂含有10%猫尾草的颗粒料时,45 min红绿度(a*45 min)为22.33、45 min黄蓝度(b*45 min)为15.95,显著高于除20%添加量外的其他试验组(P<0.05)。此外,随着猫尾草含量的增加,空肠指数(1.49%~1.78%)、结肠指数(0.75%~0.84%)、盲肠长度指数(7.94%~8.56%)、结肠长度指数(7.95%~8.58%)和蚓突长度指数(2.86%~3.26%)显著线性上升(P<0.05)。本研究表明,饲喂含有10%猫尾草的颗粒料可以显著提高肉兔生产性能,促进肝脏发育并改善红绿度和黄蓝度;而当添加超过20%的猫尾草时则会导致生长性能下降,抑制肝肾发育,虽能提升盲肠长度指数和肌肉保水性,但产肉量下降。
姚东旭, 王彩忠, 郑琛. 猫尾草对幼龄肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(3): 185-194.
Dong-xu YAO, Cai-zhong WANG, Chen ZHENG. Effects of timothy grass on growth rate, slaughter performance, and meat quality in young meat rabbits[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(3): 185-194.
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | |
| 原料Ingredients | ||||||
| 苜蓿草Alfalfa meal (%) | 50.00 | 40.00 | 30.00 | 20.00 | 10.00 | 0.00 |
| 猫尾草P. pratense (%) | 0.00 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 30.00 | 40.00 | 50.00 |
| 玉米Corn (%) | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 |
| 麦麸Wheat bran (%) | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 |
| 糖蜜Molasses (%) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 预混料Premix (%) | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 |
| 合计Total (%) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels | ||||||
| 消化能Digestible energy (DE, MJ·kg-1) | 11.29 | 11.23 | 11.16 | 11.10 | 11.03 | 10.97 |
| 粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP, %) | 17.28 | 16.81 | 16.33 | 15.86 | 15.39 | 14.92 |
| 粗脂肪Ether extract (EE, %) | 2.26 | 2.29 | 2.31 | 2.34 | 2.37 | 2.40 |
| 粗纤维Crude fiber (CF, %) | 16.54 | 17.05 | 17.56 | 18.07 | 18.59 | 19.10 |
| 粗灰分Crude ash (Ash, %) | 6.76 | 6.41 | 6.06 | 5.71 | 5.36 | 5.01 |
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %) | 24.04 | 26.49 | 28.94 | 31.39 | 33.84 | 36.29 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %) | 19.15 | 19.47 | 19.79 | 20.11 | 20.43 | 20.75 |
| 赖氨酸Lysine (Lys, %) | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.79 |
| 蛋氨酸+胱氨酸Methionine+cystine (Met+Cys, %) | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.56 |
| 钙Calcium (Ca, %) | 1.13 | 1.01 | 0.90 | 0.79 | 0.67 | 0.56 |
| 磷Phosphorus (P, %) | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.40 |
表1 饲粮组成及营养水平
Table 1 Dietary composition and nutrient levels
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | |
| 原料Ingredients | ||||||
| 苜蓿草Alfalfa meal (%) | 50.00 | 40.00 | 30.00 | 20.00 | 10.00 | 0.00 |
| 猫尾草P. pratense (%) | 0.00 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 30.00 | 40.00 | 50.00 |
| 玉米Corn (%) | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 | 20.36 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 | 17.70 |
| 麦麸Wheat bran (%) | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 3.94 |
| 糖蜜Molasses (%) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 预混料Premix (%) | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 |
| 合计Total (%) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels | ||||||
| 消化能Digestible energy (DE, MJ·kg-1) | 11.29 | 11.23 | 11.16 | 11.10 | 11.03 | 10.97 |
| 粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP, %) | 17.28 | 16.81 | 16.33 | 15.86 | 15.39 | 14.92 |
| 粗脂肪Ether extract (EE, %) | 2.26 | 2.29 | 2.31 | 2.34 | 2.37 | 2.40 |
| 粗纤维Crude fiber (CF, %) | 16.54 | 17.05 | 17.56 | 18.07 | 18.59 | 19.10 |
| 粗灰分Crude ash (Ash, %) | 6.76 | 6.41 | 6.06 | 5.71 | 5.36 | 5.01 |
| 中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %) | 24.04 | 26.49 | 28.94 | 31.39 | 33.84 | 36.29 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %) | 19.15 | 19.47 | 19.79 | 20.11 | 20.43 | 20.75 |
| 赖氨酸Lysine (Lys, %) | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.79 |
| 蛋氨酸+胱氨酸Methionine+cystine (Met+Cys, %) | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.56 |
| 钙Calcium (Ca, %) | 1.13 | 1.01 | 0.90 | 0.79 | 0.67 | 0.56 |
| 磷Phosphorus (P, %) | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.40 |
项目 Items | 阶段 Stage (d) | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误 Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | Page | Ptreatment | Page× Ptreatment | |||
平均日增重 Average daily gain (g·d-1) | 41~60 | 18.55a | 23.88a | 21.62a | 18.71a | 21.30a | 19.29a | 0.81 | 0.681 | 0.359 | 0.180 | |||
| 60~90 | 26.85ab | 30.55a | 22.89bc | 19.28c | 21.86bc | 22.12bc | 0.69 | 0.001 | 0.040 | 0.073 | ||||
| 41~90 | 19.30ab | 20.99a | 18.29bc | 15.56c | 17.68bc | 17.17bc | 0.39 | 0.002 | 0.300 | 0.064 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.088 | |
平均日采食量 Average daily feed intake (g·d-1) | 41~60 | 98.85a | 100.18a | 88.45bc | 85.90c | 97.28a | 93.12ab | 1.04 | 0.051 | 0.004 | 0.956 | |||
| 60~90 | 145.54a | 149.40a | 129.40bc | 126.76c | 139.21ab | 124.90c | 1.58 | <0.001 | 0.236 | 0.657 | ||||
| 41~90 | 122.20a | 124.79a | 108.92bc | 106.33c | 118.25ab | 109.01bc | 1.37 | 0.001 | 0.084 | 0.824 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.049 | |
料重比 Material to weight ratio | 41~60 | 12.38a | 7.98a | 7.93a | 21.48a | 12.27a | 10.82a | 2.18 | 0.707 | 0.588 | 0.166 | |||
| 60~90 | 5.89a | 5.75a | 6.78a | 10.97a | 6.87a | 6.60a | 0.70 | 0.438 | 0.137 | 0.287 | ||||
| 41~90 | 6.84a | 6.22a | 6.24a | 7.73a | 7.48a | 6.74a | 0.22 | 0.363 | 0.679 | 0.033 | 0.032 | 0.172 | 0.867 | |
体重 Weight (kg) | 41 | 1.54a | 1.57a | 1.53a | 1.59a | 1.52a | 1.50a | 0.12 | 0.326 | 0.173 | 0.796 | |||
| 60 | 1.90b | 2.06a | 1.92b | 1.92b | 1.90b | 1.84b | 0.19 | 0.055 | 0.136 | 0.220 | ||||
| 90 | 2.71ab | 2.86a | 2.61bc | 2.50c | 2.56c | 2.51c | 0.25 | <0.001 | 0.612 | 0.039 | ||||
表2 猫尾草对肉兔生长性能的影响
Table 2 Effects of timothy grass meal on growth performance of rabbits
项目 Items | 阶段 Stage (d) | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误 Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | Page | Ptreatment | Page× Ptreatment | |||
平均日增重 Average daily gain (g·d-1) | 41~60 | 18.55a | 23.88a | 21.62a | 18.71a | 21.30a | 19.29a | 0.81 | 0.681 | 0.359 | 0.180 | |||
| 60~90 | 26.85ab | 30.55a | 22.89bc | 19.28c | 21.86bc | 22.12bc | 0.69 | 0.001 | 0.040 | 0.073 | ||||
| 41~90 | 19.30ab | 20.99a | 18.29bc | 15.56c | 17.68bc | 17.17bc | 0.39 | 0.002 | 0.300 | 0.064 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.088 | |
平均日采食量 Average daily feed intake (g·d-1) | 41~60 | 98.85a | 100.18a | 88.45bc | 85.90c | 97.28a | 93.12ab | 1.04 | 0.051 | 0.004 | 0.956 | |||
| 60~90 | 145.54a | 149.40a | 129.40bc | 126.76c | 139.21ab | 124.90c | 1.58 | <0.001 | 0.236 | 0.657 | ||||
| 41~90 | 122.20a | 124.79a | 108.92bc | 106.33c | 118.25ab | 109.01bc | 1.37 | 0.001 | 0.084 | 0.824 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.049 | |
料重比 Material to weight ratio | 41~60 | 12.38a | 7.98a | 7.93a | 21.48a | 12.27a | 10.82a | 2.18 | 0.707 | 0.588 | 0.166 | |||
| 60~90 | 5.89a | 5.75a | 6.78a | 10.97a | 6.87a | 6.60a | 0.70 | 0.438 | 0.137 | 0.287 | ||||
| 41~90 | 6.84a | 6.22a | 6.24a | 7.73a | 7.48a | 6.74a | 0.22 | 0.363 | 0.679 | 0.033 | 0.032 | 0.172 | 0.867 | |
体重 Weight (kg) | 41 | 1.54a | 1.57a | 1.53a | 1.59a | 1.52a | 1.50a | 0.12 | 0.326 | 0.173 | 0.796 | |||
| 60 | 1.90b | 2.06a | 1.92b | 1.92b | 1.90b | 1.84b | 0.19 | 0.055 | 0.136 | 0.220 | ||||
| 90 | 2.71ab | 2.86a | 2.61bc | 2.50c | 2.56c | 2.51c | 0.25 | <0.001 | 0.612 | 0.039 | ||||
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量 Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值 P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 半净膛重Half-eviscerated weight (g) | 1630.02ab | 1738.65a | 1444.84d | 1565.56bc | 1583.06bc | 1491.25cd | 19.68 | 0.003 | 0.502 | 0.869 |
| 全净膛重Fully-eviscerated weight (g) | 1509.90ab | 1606.40a | 1342.50d | 1455.70bc | 1481.40bc | 1388.40cd | 18.39 | 0.008 | 0.544 | 0.715 |
| 净肉重Net meat weight (g) | 1101.60a | 1045.60a | 919.00a | 1001.00a | 1001.40a | 865.40a | 26.00 | 0.018 | 0.841 | 0.138 |
| 半净膛率Percentage of half-eviscerated (%) | 55.23a | 54.74a | 52.59a | 52.68a | 53.52a | 53.10a | 0.31 | 0.021 | 0.067 | 0.796 |
| 全净膛率Percentage of fully-eviscerated (%) | 51.17a | 50.57a | 48.86a | 48.97a | 50.08a | 49.45a | 0.31 | 0.110 | 0.104 | 0.568 |
| 净肉率Net meat percentage (%) | 38.08a | 33.21a | 33.84a | 34.56a | 34.34a | 31.92a | 0.71 | 0.069 | 0.569 | 0.076 |
表3 猫尾草对肉兔屠宰性能的影响
Table 3 Effects of timothy grass meal on carcass characteristics of rabbits
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量 Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值 P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 半净膛重Half-eviscerated weight (g) | 1630.02ab | 1738.65a | 1444.84d | 1565.56bc | 1583.06bc | 1491.25cd | 19.68 | 0.003 | 0.502 | 0.869 |
| 全净膛重Fully-eviscerated weight (g) | 1509.90ab | 1606.40a | 1342.50d | 1455.70bc | 1481.40bc | 1388.40cd | 18.39 | 0.008 | 0.544 | 0.715 |
| 净肉重Net meat weight (g) | 1101.60a | 1045.60a | 919.00a | 1001.00a | 1001.40a | 865.40a | 26.00 | 0.018 | 0.841 | 0.138 |
| 半净膛率Percentage of half-eviscerated (%) | 55.23a | 54.74a | 52.59a | 52.68a | 53.52a | 53.10a | 0.31 | 0.021 | 0.067 | 0.796 |
| 全净膛率Percentage of fully-eviscerated (%) | 51.17a | 50.57a | 48.86a | 48.97a | 50.08a | 49.45a | 0.31 | 0.110 | 0.104 | 0.568 |
| 净肉率Net meat percentage (%) | 38.08a | 33.21a | 33.84a | 34.56a | 34.34a | 31.92a | 0.71 | 0.069 | 0.569 | 0.076 |
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 心脏重Heart weight (g) | 11.03a | 9.97a | 9.47a | 11.27a | 10.72a | 10.13a | 0.26 | 0.936 | 0.714 | 0.055 |
| 肝脏重Liver weight (g) | 100.52ab | 112.69a | 85.10c | 90.91bc | 83.93c | 85.45c | 1.95 | <0.001 | 0.381 | 0.038 |
| 脾脏重Spleen weight (g) | 2.50a | 2.02a | 1.91a | 2.22a | 1.71a | 2.07a | 0.08 | 0.104 | 0.148 | 0.641 |
| 肺脏重Lung weight (g) | 17.54a | 16.17a | 14.75a | 15.16a | 15.39a | 14.46a | 0.36 | 0.020 | 0.275 | 0.325 |
| 肾脏重Kidney weight (g) | 19.60a | 19.56a | 17.24a | 18.95a | 17.72a | 17.41a | 0.35 | 0.038 | 0.696 | 0.659 |
| 心脏指数Percentage of cardiac (%) | 0.37a | 0.31a | 0.34a | 0.38a | 0.36a | 0.36a | 0.01 | 0.479 | 0.664 | 0.060 |
| 肝脏指数Percentage of liver (%) | 3.40ab | 3.55a | 3.10bc | 3.07bc | 2.84c | 3.03bc | 0.05 | <0.001 | 0.242 | 0.018 |
| 脾脏指数Percentage of spleen (%) | 0.08a | 0.06a | 0.07a | 0.07a | 0.05a | 0.07a | 0.00 | 0.132 | 0.053 | 0.714 |
| 肺脏指数Percentage of lung (%) | 0.59a | 0.51a | 0.54a | 0.51a | 0.52a | 0.52a | 0.01 | 0.101 | 0.196 | 0.322 |
| 肾脏指数Percentage of kidney (%) | 0.66a | 0.62a | 0.63a | 0.64a | 0.60a | 0.62a | 0.01 | 0.266 | 0.592 | 0.679 |
表4 猫尾草对肉兔器官重以及器官指数的影响
Table 4 Effects of timothy grass on organ weight and organ index in meat rabbits
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 心脏重Heart weight (g) | 11.03a | 9.97a | 9.47a | 11.27a | 10.72a | 10.13a | 0.26 | 0.936 | 0.714 | 0.055 |
| 肝脏重Liver weight (g) | 100.52ab | 112.69a | 85.10c | 90.91bc | 83.93c | 85.45c | 1.95 | <0.001 | 0.381 | 0.038 |
| 脾脏重Spleen weight (g) | 2.50a | 2.02a | 1.91a | 2.22a | 1.71a | 2.07a | 0.08 | 0.104 | 0.148 | 0.641 |
| 肺脏重Lung weight (g) | 17.54a | 16.17a | 14.75a | 15.16a | 15.39a | 14.46a | 0.36 | 0.020 | 0.275 | 0.325 |
| 肾脏重Kidney weight (g) | 19.60a | 19.56a | 17.24a | 18.95a | 17.72a | 17.41a | 0.35 | 0.038 | 0.696 | 0.659 |
| 心脏指数Percentage of cardiac (%) | 0.37a | 0.31a | 0.34a | 0.38a | 0.36a | 0.36a | 0.01 | 0.479 | 0.664 | 0.060 |
| 肝脏指数Percentage of liver (%) | 3.40ab | 3.55a | 3.10bc | 3.07bc | 2.84c | 3.03bc | 0.05 | <0.001 | 0.242 | 0.018 |
| 脾脏指数Percentage of spleen (%) | 0.08a | 0.06a | 0.07a | 0.07a | 0.05a | 0.07a | 0.00 | 0.132 | 0.053 | 0.714 |
| 肺脏指数Percentage of lung (%) | 0.59a | 0.51a | 0.54a | 0.51a | 0.52a | 0.52a | 0.01 | 0.101 | 0.196 | 0.322 |
| 肾脏指数Percentage of kidney (%) | 0.66a | 0.62a | 0.63a | 0.64a | 0.60a | 0.62a | 0.01 | 0.266 | 0.592 | 0.679 |
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 十二指肠Duodenum | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.46 | 0.02 | 0.869 | 0.176 | 0.045 |
| 空肠Jejunum | 1.49 | 1.63 | 1.74 | 1.78 | 1.73 | 1.75 | 0.04 | 0.037 | 0.140 | 0.735 |
| 回肠Ileum | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.077 | 0.138 | 0.345 |
| 盲肠Caecum | 1.82 | 2.06 | 1.89 | 1.93 | 1.70 | 1.70 | 0.04 | 0.065 | 0.126 | 0.200 |
| 结肠Colon | 0.79 | 0.75 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.01 | 0.038 | 0.456 | 0.136 |
| 直肠Rectum | 0.57 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.68 | 0.02 | 0.068 | 0.158 | 0.441 |
| 胃Stomach | 1.64 | 1.57 | 1.60 | 1.73 | 1.57 | 1.71 | 0.03 | 0.395 | 0.653 | 0.882 |
| 蚓突Appendix | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.01 | 0.276 | 0.697 | 0.377 |
表5 猫尾草对肉兔胃肠道重占宰前活重比例的影响
Table 5 Effects of timothy grass on gastrointestinal tract weight as a proportion of pre-slaughter live weight in meat rabbits (%)
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 十二指肠Duodenum | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.46 | 0.02 | 0.869 | 0.176 | 0.045 |
| 空肠Jejunum | 1.49 | 1.63 | 1.74 | 1.78 | 1.73 | 1.75 | 0.04 | 0.037 | 0.140 | 0.735 |
| 回肠Ileum | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.077 | 0.138 | 0.345 |
| 盲肠Caecum | 1.82 | 2.06 | 1.89 | 1.93 | 1.70 | 1.70 | 0.04 | 0.065 | 0.126 | 0.200 |
| 结肠Colon | 0.79 | 0.75 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.01 | 0.038 | 0.456 | 0.136 |
| 直肠Rectum | 0.57 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.68 | 0.02 | 0.068 | 0.158 | 0.441 |
| 胃Stomach | 1.64 | 1.57 | 1.60 | 1.73 | 1.57 | 1.71 | 0.03 | 0.395 | 0.653 | 0.882 |
| 蚓突Appendix | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.01 | 0.276 | 0.697 | 0.377 |
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 绝对长度Absolute length | ||||||||||
| 十二指肠Duodenum (cm) | 52.80a | 58.35a | 42.90a | 42.45a | 34.20a | 54.80a | 2.58 | 0.215 | 0.063 | 0.029 |
| 空肠Jejunum (cm) | 247.20a | 257.50a | 242.90a | 245.50a | 241.50a | 221.50a | 4.07 | 0.038 | 0.229 | 0.838 |
| 回肠Ileum (cm) | 30.25a | 27.00a | 25.45a | 26.75a | 24.40a | 25.15a | 0.61 | 0.010 | 0.206 | 0.518 |
| 盲肠Caecum (cm) | 40.15a | 41.60a | 36.55a | 39.80a | 38.30a | 40.20a | 0.43 | 0.433 | 0.069 | 0.429 |
| 结肠Colon (cm) | 40.20a | 40.55a | 38.95a | 40.35a | 42.10a | 40.20a | 0.43 | 0.494 | 0.824 | 0.248 |
| 直肠Rectum (cm) | 81.55a | 65.27bc | 59.90c | 65.10bc | 68.30abc | 73.80ab | 1.87 | 0.200 | 0.001 | 0.583 |
| 蚓突Appendix (cm) | 14.51a | 15.10a | 13.90a | 14.75a | 15.10a | 14.85a | 0.24 | 0.617 | 0.718 | 0.834 |
| 长度比例Length ratio | ||||||||||
| 十二指肠占比Percentage of duodenum (%) | 10.47a | 11.39a | 9.42a | 9.00a | 7.44a | 11.60a | 0.53 | 0.536 | 0.130 | 0.045 |
| 空肠占比Percentage of jejunum (%) | 48.73a | 50.22a | 52.65a | 51.58a | 51.84a | 47.17a | 0.59 | 0.729 | 0.003 | 0.425 |
| 回肠占比Percentage of ileum (%) | 5.96a | 5.34a | 5.55a | 5.65a | 5.29a | 5.35a | 0.13 | 0.246 | 0.695 | 0.464 |
| 盲肠占比Percentage of caecum (%) | 7.94a | 8.13a | 7.99a | 8.42a | 8.27a | 8.56a | 0.09 | 0.032 | 0.815 | 0.882 |
| 结肠占比Percentage of colon (%) | 7.95a | 8.00a | 8.53a | 8.52a | 9.08a | 8.58a | 0.12 | 0.008 | 0.300 | 0.238 |
| 直肠占比Percentage of rectum (%) | 16.09a | 13.98bc | 12.83c | 13.73bc | 14.82abc | 15.58ab | 0.31 | 0.888 | 0.001 | 0.213 |
| 蚓突占比Percentage of appendix (%) | 2.86a | 2.94a | 3.04a | 3.10a | 3.26a | 3.17a | 0.05 | 0.009 | 0.535 | 0.532 |
表6 猫尾草对肉兔各肠道长度的影响
Table 6 Effects of timothy grass on intestinal segment lengths in meat rabbits
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| 绝对长度Absolute length | ||||||||||
| 十二指肠Duodenum (cm) | 52.80a | 58.35a | 42.90a | 42.45a | 34.20a | 54.80a | 2.58 | 0.215 | 0.063 | 0.029 |
| 空肠Jejunum (cm) | 247.20a | 257.50a | 242.90a | 245.50a | 241.50a | 221.50a | 4.07 | 0.038 | 0.229 | 0.838 |
| 回肠Ileum (cm) | 30.25a | 27.00a | 25.45a | 26.75a | 24.40a | 25.15a | 0.61 | 0.010 | 0.206 | 0.518 |
| 盲肠Caecum (cm) | 40.15a | 41.60a | 36.55a | 39.80a | 38.30a | 40.20a | 0.43 | 0.433 | 0.069 | 0.429 |
| 结肠Colon (cm) | 40.20a | 40.55a | 38.95a | 40.35a | 42.10a | 40.20a | 0.43 | 0.494 | 0.824 | 0.248 |
| 直肠Rectum (cm) | 81.55a | 65.27bc | 59.90c | 65.10bc | 68.30abc | 73.80ab | 1.87 | 0.200 | 0.001 | 0.583 |
| 蚓突Appendix (cm) | 14.51a | 15.10a | 13.90a | 14.75a | 15.10a | 14.85a | 0.24 | 0.617 | 0.718 | 0.834 |
| 长度比例Length ratio | ||||||||||
| 十二指肠占比Percentage of duodenum (%) | 10.47a | 11.39a | 9.42a | 9.00a | 7.44a | 11.60a | 0.53 | 0.536 | 0.130 | 0.045 |
| 空肠占比Percentage of jejunum (%) | 48.73a | 50.22a | 52.65a | 51.58a | 51.84a | 47.17a | 0.59 | 0.729 | 0.003 | 0.425 |
| 回肠占比Percentage of ileum (%) | 5.96a | 5.34a | 5.55a | 5.65a | 5.29a | 5.35a | 0.13 | 0.246 | 0.695 | 0.464 |
| 盲肠占比Percentage of caecum (%) | 7.94a | 8.13a | 7.99a | 8.42a | 8.27a | 8.56a | 0.09 | 0.032 | 0.815 | 0.882 |
| 结肠占比Percentage of colon (%) | 7.95a | 8.00a | 8.53a | 8.52a | 9.08a | 8.58a | 0.12 | 0.008 | 0.300 | 0.238 |
| 直肠占比Percentage of rectum (%) | 16.09a | 13.98bc | 12.83c | 13.73bc | 14.82abc | 15.58ab | 0.31 | 0.888 | 0.001 | 0.213 |
| 蚓突占比Percentage of appendix (%) | 2.86a | 2.94a | 3.04a | 3.10a | 3.26a | 3.17a | 0.05 | 0.009 | 0.535 | 0.532 |
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| pH45min | 6.54a | 6.54a | 6.46a | 6.43a | 6.39a | 6.40a | 0.03 | 0.027 | 0.689 | 0.644 |
| pH24h | 7.29b | 7.45b | 8.38a | 6.71b | 7.46b | 7.54b | 0.13 | 0.870 | 0.669 | 0.043 |
| L*45min | 10.70c | 18.60b | 21.63a | 18.17b | 17.20b | 17.47b | 0.54 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| a*45min | 20.20a | 22.33a | 21.00a | 16.93b | 14.03c | 15.10bc | 0.52 | <0.001 | 0.136 | <0.001 |
| b*45min | 12.45bc | 15.95a | 14.40ab | 11.65cd | 9.70d | 10.35cd | 0.42 | <0.001 | 0.032 | <0.001 |
| L*24h | 24.30a | 19.10b | 21.40ab | 24.90a | 21.47ab | 25.50a | 0.61 | 0.152 | 0.069 | 0.186 |
| a*24h | 18.10a | 16.33ab | 13.70bc | 13.07c | 15.10abc | 17.20a | 0.47 | 0.319 | <0.001 | 0.638 |
| b*24h | 13.80a | 12.17ab | 11.23bc | 9.67c | 11.83abc | 13.03ab | 0.33 | 0.303 | <0.001 | 0.631 |
| 滴水损失Drip loss (%) | 15.44a | 12.46b | 11.64b | 7.61c | 4.67d | 4.39d | 0.67 | <0.001 | 0.575 | 0.285 |
| 嫩度Tenderness (N) | 42.70a | 41.71a | 45.67a | 43.08a | 43.08a | 47.35a | 0.87 | 0.171 | 0.594 | 0.404 |
| 蒸煮损失Cooking loss (%) | 29.62a | 27.87a | 25.48a | 31.86a | 31.26a | 30.42a | 1.33 | 0.463 | 0.702 | 0.313 |
表7 猫尾草对肉兔肉品质的影响
Table 7 Effects of timothy grass meal on meat quality parameters of rabbits
项目 Items | 猫尾草添加量Timothy grass inclusion level | 标准误Standard error of the mean | P值P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | L | Q | C | ||
| pH45min | 6.54a | 6.54a | 6.46a | 6.43a | 6.39a | 6.40a | 0.03 | 0.027 | 0.689 | 0.644 |
| pH24h | 7.29b | 7.45b | 8.38a | 6.71b | 7.46b | 7.54b | 0.13 | 0.870 | 0.669 | 0.043 |
| L*45min | 10.70c | 18.60b | 21.63a | 18.17b | 17.20b | 17.47b | 0.54 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| a*45min | 20.20a | 22.33a | 21.00a | 16.93b | 14.03c | 15.10bc | 0.52 | <0.001 | 0.136 | <0.001 |
| b*45min | 12.45bc | 15.95a | 14.40ab | 11.65cd | 9.70d | 10.35cd | 0.42 | <0.001 | 0.032 | <0.001 |
| L*24h | 24.30a | 19.10b | 21.40ab | 24.90a | 21.47ab | 25.50a | 0.61 | 0.152 | 0.069 | 0.186 |
| a*24h | 18.10a | 16.33ab | 13.70bc | 13.07c | 15.10abc | 17.20a | 0.47 | 0.319 | <0.001 | 0.638 |
| b*24h | 13.80a | 12.17ab | 11.23bc | 9.67c | 11.83abc | 13.03ab | 0.33 | 0.303 | <0.001 | 0.631 |
| 滴水损失Drip loss (%) | 15.44a | 12.46b | 11.64b | 7.61c | 4.67d | 4.39d | 0.67 | <0.001 | 0.575 | 0.285 |
| 嫩度Tenderness (N) | 42.70a | 41.71a | 45.67a | 43.08a | 43.08a | 47.35a | 0.87 | 0.171 | 0.594 | 0.404 |
| 蒸煮损失Cooking loss (%) | 29.62a | 27.87a | 25.48a | 31.86a | 31.26a | 30.42a | 1.33 | 0.463 | 0.702 | 0.313 |
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