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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 54-66.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025170

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机肥和生物炭添加对亚热带人工草地土壤微生物碳、磷限制的缓解作用

刘畅1,2,3(), 陈积山2,3, 朱瑞芬2,3, 孙万斌2,3, 姚博2,3, 董世魁1,4()   

  1. 1.青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁 810016
    2.重庆市畜牧科学院,重庆 402460
    3.重庆市草业工程技术研究中心,重庆 402460
    4.北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-30 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 董世魁
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: dongshikui@bjfu.edu.cn
    刘畅(1996-),女,辽宁盘锦人,在读博士。E-mail: liuchang-0904@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1300805);重庆市级财政资金-畜牧科技研究与推广项目(酸性土壤主要饲草PGPR菌筛选及促生性能比较)资助

Mitigation of soil microbial carbon and phosphorus limitations through organic fertilizer and biochar inputs in subtropical cultivated grassland

Chang LIU1,2,3(), Ji-shan CHEN2,3, Rui-fen ZHU2,3, Wan-bin SUN2,3, Bo YAO2,3, Shi-kui DONG1,4()   

  1. 1.Veterinary Medicine and Qinghai Academy of Animal Science,Veterinary Medicine and Academy of Animal Science,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China
    2.Chongqing Academy of Animal Science,Chongqing 402460,China
    3.Pratacultural Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chongqing,Chongqing 402460,China
    4.School of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2025-04-30 Revised:2025-07-01 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-02-07
  • Contact: Shi-kui DONG

摘要:

为了探究施肥对亚热带人工草地土壤酶活性以及酶化学计量特征的影响,通过施加有机肥和生物炭,探究土壤理化指标的变化以及对土壤酶活性及酶化学计量指标的影响,并通过土壤胞外酶活性计量特征来评估微生物养分限制。结果表明,施加有机肥和生物炭显著增加亚热带人工草地土壤有机碳、全氮含量和pH(P<0.05)。施加有机肥显著增加0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm土层β-葡萄糖苷酶活性(βG)36.18%、37.21%、59.30%(P<0.05),增加0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm土层β-1,4-N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶活性(NAG)21.16%、17.25%、30.24%(P<0.05),生物炭显著增加各土层亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)和NAG活性(P<0.05)。亚热带人工草地土壤C∶N∶P获取酶的平均比例为1∶1.31∶1.72,偏离了1∶1∶1,表明微生物受磷限制。施肥后矢量长度、矢量夹角降低,说明施肥可以缓解碳、磷限制。研究结果为亚热带人工草地改良与管理提供理论依据,适当施加有机肥或生物炭,有助于亚热带人工草地的改善与恢复,以缓解碳、磷限制。

关键词: 土壤酶活性, 土壤酶化学计量, 养分限制, 有机肥, 生物炭

Abstract:

The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of fertilization on soil enzyme activities and soil enzyme stoichiometry in subtropical cultivated grassland. We conducted a field experiment in which organic fertilizer and biochar were applied to subtropical grassland. Then, changes in soil physicochemical properties were monitored and the impacts of these inputs on soil enzyme activities and enzyme stoichiometric indices were determined. Additionally, microbial nutrient limitations were assessed through determination of the stoichiometric characteristics of soil extracellular enzyme activities. The results show that the application of organic fertilizer and biochar to subtropical cultivated grassland significantly increased the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, as well as soil pH (P<0.05). The application of organic fertilizer significantly increased β-1,4-glucosidase activity in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm soil layers by 36.18%, 37.21%, and 59.30%, respectively (P<0.05). It also increased β-1,4-N-acetyl aminidinidase activity in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm soil layers by 21.16%, 17.25%, and 30.24%, respectively (P<0.05). Application of biochar significantly increased leuine ameptiase and β-1,4-N-acetyl aminidinidase activity in all three soil layers (P<0.05). The average ratio of C∶N∶P for enzyme acquisition in subtropical cultivated grassland soil was 1∶1.31∶1.72, deviating from 1∶1∶1, indicating that microorganisms in this area are phosphorus-limited. After fertilization, the vector length and vector angle decreased, suggesting that fertilization can alleviate carbon and phosphorus limitations in the soil of subtropical grassland. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the improvement and management of subtropical cultivated grassland. Our results show that the appropriate application of organic fertilizers or biochar can contribute to the enhancement and restoration of subtropical artificial grassland, thereby alleviating carbon and phosphorus limitation in soil.

Key words: soil enzyme activity, soil enzyme stoichiometry, nutrient limitation, organic fertilizer, biochar